View clinical trials related to Hyperglycemia.
Filter by:The investigators hypothesize that includes patient weight and glucocorticoid dose can be used to safely initiate insulin treatment in diabetic/hyperglycemic patients who are to be treated with pharmacological doses of glucocorticoids.
A standard hospital meal often contains a high percentage of carbohydrates (CHO), which may not be ideal for patients with diabetes. This concern is particularly pertinent to the breakfast meal, which often contains mainly CHO. Clinical observations suggested that such diets elevate pre-lunch blood glucose (BG) values. The study team compared standard hospital "no concentrated sweets (NCS)" breakfast meals with more balanced meals. The study team hypothesized that a balanced breakfast would improve pre-lunch BG values. This 8-week pilot study was conducted at Duke Hospital on two non-ICU cardiology wards. Ward A consisted mainly of patients with a primary diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Ward B consisted mainly of patients with a primary diagnosis of congestive heart failure (CHF). The intervention breakfast menu included 5 choices containing 40-45g of CHO. All patients on Ward A (with and without diabetes) were given the intervention breakfast for the first 4 weeks of the study, while those on Ward B received standard menus (60-75g CHO in NCS meals). After 4 weeks, the standard and intervention wards were switched. Data were collected only on patients with diabetes who were able to consume meals.
This study aims to test the following hypothesis in healthy lean young men: - There are differences in glycemic response (GR) and insulin response (IR) between Chinese, Malay and Asian-Indian - There are differences in GI values to the same food between ethnic groups - There are ethnic differences postprandial GR and IR for high vs low GI foods - Mastication, salivary amylase activity, gastric emptying rate and gut microbiota composition influences inter-individual glycemic and insulinemic variability - Ethnic differences in mastication, salivary amylase activity, gastric emptying rate and gut microbiota composition determines the inter-ethnic glycemic and insulinemic variability
Normal glucose uptake and metabolism in skeletal muscles are essential to keep blood glucose within normal range and hence, insulin resistance (possibly mediated by inflammatory processes) in skeletal muscle is a major pathogenic factor in type 2 diabetes. Physical activity seems to be of essential importance in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Myokines are proteins secreted from skeletal muscle that can execute important biological functions locally in the muscle (paracrine) or in other organs like the brain, heart and pancreas (endocrine). Evidence suggest that several interleukines and other cytokines are secreted by skeletal muscles. In the present project, the investigators will explore the relation between secreted myokines from muscle cells, insulin resistance and glucose metabolism before and after 12 weeks of exercise intervention. Subjects with normal as well as impaired glucose metabolism will be included in the study.
Glycemic variability in critically ill patients is a recognized negative prognostic factor. The molecular mechanisms determining inter-patients variability in glucose metabolism during stress are not fully understood. The Phosphatase and Tensin homolog (PTEN) is known to influence glucose homeostasis by interfering in intracellular insulin signaling. Aim of this study is to ascertain whether differential expression of PTEN in critically ill patients correlates with glycemic variability and clinical outcome.
The purpose of this study is to find out if giving certain amino acids to critically injured patients can improve their condition or recovery, and lower their blood sugar and insulin needs. Amino acids are the 'building blocks' of proteins. The amino acid compound used in this study is called alanyl-glutamine dipeptide, also known as Dipeptiven® or glutamine. Glutamine is investigational, meaning not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for intravenous use. However, it is approved by many countries in Europe, Asia and South America. Several studies suggest that giving glutamine has certain benefits in patients who need intensive care. In a study done at Emory University Medical Center using the same dose of glutamine, the number of hospital infections was lower in patients who had had cardiac, blood vessel or intestinal surgery compared to similar patients who received standard feedings without glutamine. No side effects were thought to be due to giving glutamine in that small study. This study is only being done at Vanderbilt University. The investigators plan to enroll 24 patients in the Trauma ICU over the next 12 months.
The investigators propose to conduct a randomized controlled trial in 200 overweight/obese pregnant women and their offspring. The prenatal intervention will emphasize improving diet and physical activity. The lifestyle intervention will be delivered within an empowerment theoretical framework through a combination of group sessions, individual counseling, and by monitoring compliance to diet and physical activity to further tailor the intervention. The post-partum intervention sessions will include mothers and their offspring and will focus on breastfeeding, improving physical activity and quality of the diet and feeding practices through the first post-partum year. As part of routine prenatal care, participants in both the control and intervention arms will be given health-related advice. Since the majority of participants are expected to be eligible for the Women, Infants and Children (WIC) program, both groups will also receive assistance through WIC as per their routine policies. Our primary outcome is Gestational Weight Gain (GWG). The major secondary outcome of interest is infant BMI z-score at 12 months of age, and the investigators will also be evaluating several metabolic outcomes in mothers and infants.
The aim of the project is to examine whether the sources of n-3 fatty acids and fish itself differ in their effects on glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, blood pressure, and serum inflammatory markers. Lipidomic profiles and gene expression will be used for thorough assessment of the possible clinical changes. The study will compare the effects of alpha-linolenic acid containing vegetable oil, fatty fish, lean fish and control diet. The results of this project will help to identify the optimal source of n-3 fatty acids, and reveal the significance of the components of fish other than fatty acids. These data will be useful both nationally and internationally, since highly controlled dietary interventions utilizing new methodology are scarce.
The purpose of this study is to assess safety and device performance of the Medtronic Hospital Glucose Management System (HGMS) for up to 72-hours.
Osteoarthritis patients undergoing primary hip and knee replacement are followed-up and changes in their glucose metabolism and other metabolic parameters (obesity, cholesterol levels) are examined. Persistent postoperative pain is examined as secondary outcome.