View clinical trials related to Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
Filter by:This is a randomized controlled trial of injectable intramuscular naltrexone (XR-NTX) versus intramuscular placebo among HIV-infected prisoners meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for alcohol dependence or problem drinking, who are transitioning to the community and seeking treatment to prevent relapse to alcohol use. We hypothesize that extended release naltrexone (XR-NTX) will result in improved HIV outcomes (lower log10 HIV-1RNA levels and higher CD4 count) as well as improved alcohol treatment outcomes, and reduced drug/sex HIV related risk behaviors and decreased rates of reincarceration.
This non-interventional, post-marketing observational study was conducted to obtain safety data from the use of lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra), in clinical practice, in pregnant women and their children in Japan.
This non-interventional, post-marketing observational study was conducted to obtain data, such as safety and effectiveness, from the use of lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra) in clinical practice and investigate the necessity to conduct a follow-up post-marketing clinical study in Japan.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the tolerability of Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir) in combination with new substances such as integrase inhibitors (INIs), C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) antagonists, and new non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), as there are many reasons (intolerability, complex resistant patterns or even personal reasons) which may result in a change from the daily clinical routine and lead to the use of a newly approved antiretroviral agent in combination with Kaletra.
Therapy with lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra) and one other protease inhibitor in Human Immunodeficiency Virus participants
Each year around 200 blood donors in the UK are found to be infected with blood-borne diseases (HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HTLV), while several others have been identified as having an increased risk of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD). Although the notification procedures for these infections vary, their effectiveness and appropriateness have never been evaluated in a systematic study. The proposed research has been designed to assess the responses of blood donors to notification and their satisfaction with how they were informed about the infection. The study will be implemented using standard questionnaire-based measures (French et al, 2004; Marteau & Bekker, 1992). The study will involve approximately 600 blood donors who were informed of an infection or possible infection with blood-borne diseases in 2008 and 2009, and approximately 100 donors notified of possible risk of vCJD infection in 2005. A comparable group of 2005 donors will be included to control for the effects of time. As the majority of donors testing positive donated to NHS Blood and Transplant (NHSBT), the participants will be identified from the NHSBT database only, and their availability confirmed through their GP or specialist clinician. A standardized questionnaire will be then sent to all those identified as eligible. The study will last 12 months, but direct participant involvement will be limited to the time required to complete the questionnaire, which should take under one hour. To safeguard confidentiality, no identifiable personal data will be used in the analysis. Where demographic or medical information already held by NHSBT is retrieved to minimise response burden, this will be pseudonymised before use. The study is sponsored by the blood services for England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The results will be used to inform notification procedures in the future.
The investigators hypothesize that the concentration-time profile of raltegravir is different in cells than that in plasma. Intracellular raltegravir concentrations may be higher and its half-life longer than in plasma. This may explain the efficacy of raltegravir despite variable plasma concentrations.
The trial aim is to ascertain what, if anything, needs to be combined with a boosted protease inhibitor (bPI) backbone in second-line therapy in order to maximize the chance of a good clinical outcome following WHO-defined failure on a first-line nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) and NNRTI-containing regimen with probable extensive NRTI and NNRTI resistance mutations.
The purpose of this study is to test a mother-to-mother intervention during pregnancy and after delivery with Mothers Living with HIV (MLH)in South Africa. We hypothesize that the intervention will enhance the adjustment of the children of MLH by improving the health and mental health of MLH which benefits their children, as well as the MLH.
In many areas of the world most severely affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic, insect and water-borne diseases such as malaria and diarrheal disease are common causes of illness and death. In addition, diarrhea and malaria are more common and more severe among adults and children infected with HIV. These infections may modulate the immune system, affect the replication of the HIV virus and could result in more rapid HIV disease progression in co-infected individuals. Access to practical, inexpensive and easy to use interventions to prevent these diseases may be effective in delaying HIV progression. Current Kenya government and World Health Organization guidelines recommend the use of cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole [TMP/SMX]) to prevent co-infections, including malaria. Despite the provision of TMP/SMX to HIV-infected adults, infections with malaria and pathogens causing diarrhea remain common causes of morbidity and mortality in many resource-limited settings. In addition, TMP/SMX may not prevent all infections with malaria or other pathogens due to alternative mechanisms of action, antimicrobial resistance and non-compliance due to adverse events or other reasons. We propose a study to evaluate the impact of providing insecticide treated bednets and a simple water filtration device on markers of HIV disease progression among a cohort of ART naïve, HIV infected adults prescribed TMP/SMX in Kenya. In addition, we propose to evaluate the effect of these interventions on malaria and diarrheal disease incidence and on compliance with TMP/SMX.