View clinical trials related to Glucose Intolerance.
Filter by:Type 2 diabetes results from a combination of peripheral insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction, and manifests as fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia. In Singapore, despite the relatively low prevalence of overweight and obesity, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is disproportionately high and is expected to double in the near future. This indicates that insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction are widely prevalent even among individuals who are not overweight or obese. Still, weight loss induced by a variety of ways (calorie restriction, exercise, surgery, etc.) is considered the cornerstone of diabetes treatment. This underscores the importance of negative energy balance in improving metabolic function. In fact, negative energy balance induced by calorie restriction can improve metabolic function acutely, i.e. within 1-2 days and before any weight loss occurs. Likewise, negative energy balance induced by a single session of aerobic exercise improves metabolic function over the next few days. However, the magnitude of negative energy balance that needs to be achieved in order to improve metabolic function, as well as possible dose-response relationships, are not known. Furthermore, the comparative efficacy of calorie restriction vs. exercise in improving metabolic function has never been directly assessed. Accordingly, a better understanding of the effects of acute negative energy balance induced by calorie restriction or aerobic exercise on insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function will have important implications for public health, by facilitating the design of effective lifestyle (diet and physical activity) interventions to prevent or treat type 2 diabetes. To test these hypotheses, whole-body insulin sensitivity, the acute insulin response to glucose, and the disposition index (i.e. beta-cell function), will be determined the morning after a single day of progressively increasing negative energy balance (equivalent to 20% or 40% of total daily energy needs for weight maintenance) induced by calorie restriction or aerobic exercise. Results from this project are expected to result in the better understanding of the effects of negative energy balance induced by diet and exercise on metabolic function. Therefore, this project may help in the design of effective lifestyle intervention programs for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.
The proposed study will inform efforts to prevent diabetes and promote weight loss in a high-risk population and generate a reproducible, scalable, and sustainable model for use with other insurer groups and clinical settings that work in immigrant populations with a high burden of chronic disease.
Pre diabetes (PD) is a term that refers to alterations in glucose homeostasis, including impaired fasting glucose (IFG), Imparied glucose tolerance (IGT) or both, involving a higher risk to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in 10 years. The efficacy of pharmacotherapy in the prevention of diabetes in adults with prediabetes has been demonstrated, the first line of pharmacology treatment is metformin, on the other hand, the traditional Chinese and Ayurverica medicine offer potential active substances for the treatment of hyperglucemia like berberine. Berberine is an extract with hypoglycemic effects in animal models as well as in clinical trials in type 2 diabetes mellitus even compared to metformin, for this reason comparing it's activity against metformin in prediabetes would provide impact information on a new alternative treatment and compare with the standard pharmacological treatment. The aim of the study evaluate the effect of administration of berberine versus metaformine on glycemic control, insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in patients with pre diabetes. The investigators hypothesis is that the administration of berberine versus metformin modifies glycemic control, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in patients with prediabetes.
A PRoBE design study will be used to obtain saliva from patients before undergoing blood study evaluation for screening at risk patients for the presence of undiagnosed pre-diabetes of type II diabetes. Pre-specified saliva biomarkers will be evaluated along with multi-marker models for their discriminatory value for distinguishing patients with normal glucose metabolism from those with disease. Appropriate housekeeping genes will also be incorporated to allow for the measurement of relative gene expression.
To evaluate the effect of Gluten Free Diet (GFD) on beta-cell function and glucose metabolism in subjects with one or several islet autoantibodies without and with dysglycemia at baseline. Additionally, all subjects will be given treatment with Vitamin D, omega fatty acids and probiotics. Subjects will be randomized to GFD or normal diet during 18 months. Beta cell function will be evaluated at baseline, and during follow-up by glucose tolerance tests.
Pre-diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and their related conditions, adiposity and insulin resistance, are more prevalent in minorities Northern Manhattan compared to the general population of the United States. Despite knowledge of the main biologic determinants of these conditions (high caloric intake and sedentarism) the prevalence of these conditions continue to increase. In addition, these conditions can cause mental health problems including increased depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment. Thus, the investigators decided to conduct a community based study of middle aged Hispanic men and women aged 50 to 64 years at baseline in order to: 1. Document the prevalence and incidence, of pre-diabetes, diabetes, overweight, obesity, and associated conditions (e.g. dyslipidemia, hypertension). 2. Study how social determinants of health (SDOH) affect these conditions. 3. Study the consequences of these conditions on aging and mental health outcomes, including cognitive impairment.
Given that glutamate carboxylation or decarboxylation is key to the metabolic role of osteocalcin (at least in mouse models) and that carboxylation is vitamin K dependent, it is critical to isolate the effect of vitamin K manipulation on carboxylation of osteocalcin and its subsequent effect on glucose metabolism in clinical trials. The purpose of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in adults is to determine whether eight weeks of daily supplementation with vitamin K2 (menaquinone-7) can improve markers in blood associated with diabetes risk.
This is a single-centre, 16-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 3-treatment arm pilot study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BTI320 in the treatment of high risk subjects with pre-diabetes. This is a pilot study aiming to test whether taking a medicine named BTI320 that slows down carbohydrate absorption in the gut, will lower blood sugar. The study aims to recruit 60 individuals in Hong Kong. To take part in the study, subjects must have pre-diabetes, that is, they have blood sugar levels that are above normal but not reaching diabetes range. The medicine BTI320 is currently licensed as a health supplement in Hong Kong and is known alternatively as SUGARDOWN®. The investigators are comparing the effectiveness of BTI320 against a dummy tablet. Both tablets look and taste identical and during the study, subjects will not know which of these tablets they are taking. There is a 4 in 5 chance of receiving active medication and 1 in 5 chance of receiving placebo. Subjects will be followed up closely every 2 to 4 weeks for a period of time up to 22 weeks. The study visits will take between 30 minutes to 3 hours, depending on additional checks that are required on a particular visit including oral glucose tolerance test and meal tolerance test. At visits involving meal tolerance test, subjects will be required to stay for approximately 3 hours. In addition, at Visit 2, Visit 4 and 3 days before Visit 7, a continuous glucose monitoring system device will be installed. Throughout the study period, subjects will return to the study center for check-ups including careful enquiry about whether they have developed any side-effects from taking the medication, physical examination, as well as blood tests.
The aim of this study is to investigate possible enduring effects of a standard 2-month weight loss program on appetite regulation, bone homeostasis and muscle strength in younger and older adults, as well as the impact of differences in dietary composition during weight maintenance.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether a non-hematopoietic erythropoietin analogue, ARA 290, exerts beneficial effects on blood glucose levels and insulin secretion in persons with prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance, IGT, or impaired fasting glucose, IFG), or drug-naive type 2 diabetes. The study will also evaluate effects of ARA 290 on insulin sensitivity and serum levels of inflammatory agents, e.g. cytokines. In addition, safety will be monitored by following parameters related to hematology, kidney and liver function and lipid levels.