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Filter by:DETERMINING GASTRIC EMPTYING TIME IN ELDERLY USING ULTRASOUND ASSOCIATED WITH PREOPERATIVE FASTING TIME Background: Gastric contents aspiration is the most crucial complication of general anaesthesia. There are limited studies to assess the gastric volume ultrasound to clarify an appropriate fasting time before surgery. Gastric content will examine after a traditional Turkish breakfast with ultrasound. Methods: After the first ultrasound examination by asking 8 hours fasting ,gastric emptying time(GET) was determined by serial gastric ultrasound examinations with two ultrasonographers and GET identified by real time USG evaluations in every 1 hour. All ultrasound assessments on volunteers will made both in the supine position and right lateral decubitus (RLD) from the epigastric area by using a convex probe. This study is the first one which examine gastric emptying time after a standard Turkish breakfast in over 65 years Turkish population by measuring antral cross section area (CSA) using noninvasive ultrasound.
Undergoing anesthesia requires patients to fast pre-operatively to allow the stomach to empty and prevent aspiration pneumonia but patients are allowed to drink "clear" liquids up to 2 hours before surgery. Clear liquids are defined as water, carbonated sodas, black coffee or tea without milk or sugar, and juices without pulp. Many Americans prefer to take their coffee with half and half or coffee creamer rather than black. This study will determine whether the addition of a small amount of cream to coffee makes any difference to the volume in the stomach after 2 hours. This study will use healthy volunteers as study participants. Each participant will participate in the study 3 times with at least 2 days in between. We will use a bedside ultrasound machine to measure their stomach content volume at baseline and then they will consume one of 3 different prepare drinks - black coffee, coffee with half and half, or coffee with non-dairy coffee creamer. After 2 hours, we will scan their stomach again and measure stomach content volume and compare it to the first measurement. The participants will repeat this two more times on different days so that they would have had a chance to consume all three prepared coffee drinks in a random order.
The study sought to investigate the effects of 16/8 time restricted eating (TRE) with windows of 16 hours of fasting and 8 hours of eating on on body composition, muscle strength, and metabolic factors during resistance training in healthy resistance trained males
Patients are asked to fast before general anaesthesia to reduce the risk that any gastric contents could be regurgitated and aspirated into the lungs once anaesthetised. If aspiration does occur, the volume and acidity of the fluid aspirated are thought to determine the extent of any harm caused. Recent guidelines have reduced the required fasting time for children for clear fluids from 2 hours to 1 hour before induction of anaesthesia, as it is understood that this does not adversely affect the gastric residual volume or increase its acidity. Paracetamol is commonly used to relieve pain during and after surgery. Paracetamol syrup preparations used in children are viscous and not classified as clear fluid. This study seeks to establish whether there is non-inferiority in gastric residual volume (GRV) and pH in children receiving oral paracetamol one hour before induction of anaesthesia and those who do not, when both groups have received a set volume of diluted orange cordial to drink. It is anticipated that if shown to have little or no impact on GRV and pH, oral paracetamol syrup can be given to children before surgery. This will omit the need for IV paracetamol to be given in theatre, potentially reducing cost and the risk of drug errors.
In the past, some guidelines advised no oral intake for at least 8 hours before any surgery. However, research has shown risks associated with excessive fasting, such as postoperative insulin resistance, and advantages in shorter fasting protocols, such as reduced postoperative nausea and vomiting. The perioperative fasting guidelines of the European Society of Anaesthesiology focus on preoperative carbohydrates. They hold that it is safe for patients to drink carbohydrate-rich fluids up to 2 hours before elective surgery and that drinking carbohydrate-rich fluids improves subjective well-being, reduces thirst and hunger, and reduces postoperative insulin resistance at an evidence level of 1++. Nevertheless, data on drinking carbohydrate fluids before surgery in elderly patients are limited. In our institution, there are two clinical pathways for total knee arthroplasty according to the surgeons. One difference is whether carbohydrate fluids drink or not before surgery. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to assess gastric volume in fasted elderly patients using ultrasound after they drank carbohydrate fluids 2 hours before surgery and to compare with matched patients using age, body mass index, and comorbidity, who did not drink carbohydrate fluids before surgery.
Research in developing patient fasting guidelines was developed years ago. On a physiological basis, patients with a longer fasting time may have less residual gastric content and lower risk of pulmonary aspiration. The recent Practice Guidelines for Preoperative Fasting and the Use of Pharmacologic Agents to Reduce the Risk of Pulmonary Aspiration of The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) was published in March 2017. Current practice consists of 2-hour fasting period for clear oral fluid (including water, pulp-free juice and tea or coffee without milk), 4- hour fasting period for breast milk and 6-hour fasting period for non-human milk and solid food. However, there are only few supportive and suggestive scientific evidences. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the current clinical practice guidelines for preoperative fasting to enhance the quality of pediatric anesthesia care and promote patient safety.The investigators plan to enroll adults aged 18-60 years, who are scheduled for esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD), in order to study the effects of fasting time and the actual intragastric volume which may help us establish a comprehensive fasting guideline.
This study evaluates how Fast Bar(TM), a specially formulated energy bar, affects the physiological condition in participants after an overnight fasting. Participants will fast for 19 hours (Fast Group), consume a breakfast Bar (Breakfast Group) or a Fast Bar(TM) (Fast Bar Group) after an approximately 15-hour overnight fasting. Participants will be assessed for physiological parameters associated with fasting.
The aim of the study is to test a Fasting Mimicking Diet (FMD) for its efficacy on improving muscular resistance and endurance. The investigators will perform a randomized clinical trial to test the efficacy of the FMD on improving muscular strength, muscular resistance and endurance in physically active young adults (18-40 years of age). The study will include two arms: Placebo (Placebo diet) and FMD (3 cycles of 5-day fasting-mimicking diet within two months). Study endpoints will include muscular strength evaluation of lower limbs, cardio-pulmonary responses, neuromuscular function and muscle architecture. Subjects will be evaluated 4 times within 3 months: at baseline (T1), after the 1st cycle of diet (T2), 7 to 15 days after the 3rd cycle of diet maintaining baseline intensity (T3) and with re-assessment of Peak Power Output (T4).
To compare different timing of insulin Glargine administration (early-6 pm versus standard bedtime-10 pm) as part of standard of care in patients with type1 diabetes who wish to fast the month of Ramadan.
In 2018, colorectal cancer is the third most common malignant tumor in terms of morbidity and second mortality in the world. Surgical resection is still the main treatment for colorectal cancer.With the introduction of the ERAS, the latest international and domestic guidelines for fasting before surgery all advocate shortening the fasting time. For example, 2 hours before surgery, oral take cleared fluids, including water, sugar water, fruit juice, tea and black coffee (without milk) is allowed.Solid food can be consumed 4 hours before surgery, and oral diet should be resumed as soon as possible after surgery. Changes in diet, nutritional status, and physical activity are closely related to the incidence of colorectal cancer. Therefore, we believe that the intestine may be very sensitive to different fasting times during the perioperative period. Prolonging the fasting time may improve the prognosis by improving postoperative insulin resistance, reducing inflammation and protecting anti-tumor immune function in patients with colorectal cancer.Prolonged fasting time seems to be contrary to the results of some studies, and whether it is applicable to patients with tumor surgery is unclear. Therefore, there is an urgent need to conduct large-scale, prospective, randomized controlled clinical studies to clarify the most suitable perioperative fasting strategy (including composition, interval, and amount) for cancer patients, which can not only reduce surgical stress and speed up postoperative rehabilitation,reduce postoperative metastasis and recurrence and improve mid- and long-term prognosis.