View clinical trials related to Epilepsy.
Filter by:The purpose of this research is to see to what extent electrical stimulation applied to the scalp (transcranial direct current stimulation or tDCS) can reduce the number and intensity of epileptic seizures.
Epilepsy is a common neurological condition that affects personal and familial behavior and social support . About 50 million people worldwide suffer from epilepsy and the prevalence of active epilepsy in developing countries is 5 to 10 per 100 persons . Individuals with epilepsy may suffer from psychological issues such as depression, anxiety, and psychosis . Accordingly, living with a person with epilepsy will provide some challenges, particularly at home. Studies have reported that relatives of people with epilepsy have an increased risk of anxiety. Epilepsy can inflict an enormous burden on both the people with epilepsy (PWE) and their family caregivers, decreasing their quality of life and daily efficiency.
JUSTIFICATION Anti-epileptic prophylaxis has long been a systematic practice for supra-tentorial intracranial surgeries. Since 2021, European guidelines no longer recommend this prophylaxis and practices have evolved. We therefore propose to compare epileptic seizure's occurrence in the first postoperative month between two groups of neurosurgical patients.The first group consists of patients treated between January 2019 and late 2020 who were given systematic prophylaxis. Patients from the second group were treated between 2021 and 2022 and did not receive any prophylaxis. The secondary objective will consist in identifying the number of patients placed on prophylaxis, the length of prophylaxis, treatment's side effects (depression, elevated liver enzymes…), and comparing patients' neurological outcome at 3 and 6 months after surgical procedures.
This study aims to investigate the efficacy of add-on exogenous ketone esters for treating children with drug-resistant epilepsy
Electroceuticals is a new field in which the goal is to treat a wide variety of medical diseases with electrical stimulation of autonomic nerves. A prime target for intervention is the cervical vagus nerve as it is easily surgically accessible and supplies many organs in the neck, thorax and abdomen. It would be desirable to stimulate selectively in order to avoid the off-target effects that currently occur. This has not been tried in the past, both because of limitations in available technology but also because, surprisingly, the fascicular organisation of the cervical vagus nerve is almost completely unknown. The aim of this research is to investigate the functional anatomy of fascicles in the cervical vagus nerve of humans. This will include defining innervation to the heart, lungs and recurrent laryngeal and, if possible, the oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver and gastrointestinal tract. It will be achieved by defining fascicle somatotopic functional anatomy with spatially-selective vagus nerve stimulation (sVNS) and the new method of fast neural imaging with Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT). EIT is a novel imaging method in which reconstructed tomographic images of resistance changes related to the opening of ion channels over milliseconds can be produced using rings or arrays of external electrodes. In humans, using a nonpenetrating nerve cuff with sVNS or fast neural EIT, this will be performed for 30 minutes transiently during an operation to insert a vagal nerve stimulator for treatment of epilepsy and deliver images in response to activity such as respiration or the electrocardiogram (ECG).
The goal of this community based observation study is to co-create solutions that empower people to make informed decisions about epilepsy, reduce stigma, and promote community health among the adolescent population living with epilepsy in Uganda. The main objectives of the study are to: Goal 1: Co-create a unique patient-community engagement program (CEP) to reduce stigma on epilepsy among adolescents and their caregivers in Uganda based on understanding of the illness. Goal 2: Evaluate the impact of this CEP to reduce stigma on epilepsy among adolescents and their caregivers in Uganda, based on understanding of the illness. Study participants together with the relevant community stakeholders will co-design feasible communication and activity-based change projects that are based on both cultural and scientific norms, to reduce epilepsy stigma in the community Researchers will then compare the Quality of Life, Attitudes and Beliefs about Living with Epilepsy scores (as a surrogate of stigmatizing beliefs and practices among community members) and the Kilifi Stigma Scale scores in two parishes (urban and rural) to see if there is improvement in these assessments scores following the implementation of the community change projects.
In the pediatric population, electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings are frequently performed in sleep, as it reduces the amount of artifacts and might activate epileptiform discharges. To date, no agreed-upon guidelines are available for hypno-induction for EEG recordings . Among the strategies used, the most commonly used are sleep deprivation, either total or partial, and the use of melatonin, alone or in combination. The investigators proposed a study aiming at evaluating the efficacy of a melatonin-based solution for sleep induction during EEG video recording VS sleep deprivation. In a randomized, crossover study, 30 pediatric patients (aged 4-10 years) will be subjected to two EEG recordings: in one they will receive the melatonin solution (5 mg), in the other they undergo only partial sleep deprivation (about 50% of physiological sleep). The primary endpoint of the study is represented by the time to fall asleep, secondary objectives are represented by frequency of epileptiform discharges, presence/absence of epileptic seizures, In addition, the levels of 6-sulfatoxymelatonina, the primary metabolite of melatonin in saliva and urine, will be determined with a validated LC-MS method.
Bioavailability is the extent and rate to which the active drug ingredient or active moiety from the drug product is absorbed and becomes available at the site of drug action. Bioavailability of an active substance delivered from a pharmaceutical product should be known and reproducible. In the past, several therapeutic misadventures related to differences in bioavailability affirm to the necessity of testing the performance of dosage forms in delivering the active substance to the systemic circulation and thereby to the site of action. If there is no clinically significant difference in the bioavailability of two medicines they are considered to be bioequivalent. The bioavailability and bioequivalence studies of various drug candidates have been routine regulatory requirements in many countries for licensing of the drug product. Department of Drug Administration, Ministry of health and Population has encouraged Nepalese Pharmaceutical Industries legally to submit pharmacokinetic data where possible for licensing purpose for certain drug candidates and their dosage forms. The comparative in-vivo bioequivalence study is necessary for those products which have low therapeutic index, low bioavailability, non-linear kinetics, poor dissolution profile, variable bioavailability and/or bioequivalence. Department of Drug Administration necessitated bioequivalence and bioavailability study for the modified release dosage form of those drug molecules whose blood steady state concentration is of great importance, e.g. sodium valproate, valproic acid, carbamazepine, antibiotics etc. Considering the need to confirm safety and effectiveness of the medications and also for the regulatory requirement, this study to assess the bioequivalence of sodium valproate and valproic acid extended release tablet manufactured by a Nepalese pharmaceutical company, Asian Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd., with an innovator formulation is being carried out in healthy human volunteers.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) has been investigated as a potential treatment for epilepsy with inconsistent results. The combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation with electromyography (TMS-EMG) and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) allows to investigate the neuromodulatory effect of interventions such as tVNS by evaluating changes in motor evoked potentials (MEPs) and TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs). The goal of this study is to objectively evaluate the effect of tVNS on cortical excitability with TMS-EMG and TMS-EEG. These findings are expected to provide insight in the mechanism of action and help identify more optimal stimulation paradigms. In this prospective single-blind cross-over study, 15 healthy subjects will undergo active and sham tVNS during 60 minutes, using a maximum tolerated stimulation current. Single and paired pulse TMS will be delivered over the right-sided motor hotspot to evaluate MEPs and TEPs before and after the intervention.
The human gut microbiome has been associated with many health factors but variability between studies limits the exploration of effects between them. This study aims to systematically characterize the gut microbiota of various critical chronic diseases, compare the similarities and differences of the microbiome signatures linked to different regions and diseases, and further investigate their impacts on microbiota-based diagnostic models.