View clinical trials related to Emphysema.
Filter by:This study is designed as a prospective study, with the primary endpoint being changes in pulmonary hemodynamic parameters after ELVR in patients with severe emphysema. Secondary endpoints will be changes in lung function parameters, exercise capacity, and QoL.
The goal of this research is to optimize the MRI system to obtain ideal lung images using Hyperpolarized (HP) Noble and Inert Fluorinated Gases as contrast agents. Lung coils tuned to the frequencies of these gases will be used. This study will take place at TBRHSC in the Cardiorespiratory Department and in the Research MRI facility.
This study will use dual energy x-ray computed tomography (DECT) to evaluate the relationship between heterogeneous perfusion, hypoxia (low oxygen in inspired gas) and induction of pulmonary vascular dilatation to characterize emphysema susceptibility in a normal smoking population. The investigators will correlate DECT measures of perfusion with lung injury measured by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The investigators will study the effect of pulmonary arterial vasodilation to see if it eliminates indices of persistent lung injury in smokers that are susceptible to emphysema
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a generalized disorder of connective tissue, arterioles and microvessels, characterized by the occurrence of fibrosis and vascular obliteration phenomena. The alterations in lung microvessels are found in pulmonary involvement of scleroderma, which are the most serious complications of the disease. In pulmonary emphysema, there are also changes in pulmonary microvasculature, which are involved in the onset and development of the disease. The confocal endomicroscopy is an endoscopic technique which can be performed during a bronchoscopy. This technique makes it possible to observe in real time the most distal pulmonary elements at the microscopic scale. After injection of fluorescein, then the technique of observing the pulmonary microvasculature, in vivo and in situ. The characterization of microvascular lesions in these two pathologies could improve understanding of their mechanisms and ultimately improve the early management of patients.
To investigate the diagnostic value of ultralow-dose computed tomography in the detection of pulmonary nodules and lung parenchym alterations (e.g. emphysema) compared to standard-dose-CT.
The combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema syndrome (CPFE) individualized by our group in 2005 is characterized by an often severe dyspnea, almost exclusive male predominance, and often major, profound impairment of gas exchange contrasting with preserved lung volumes and absence of airflow obstruction, and a high risk of pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension responsible for increased mortality. Almost all patients are smokers or ex-smokers. There are some arguments in favor of genetic abnormalities in this syndrome of unknown etiology (other than smoking) including short telomeres and mutations in the telomerase complex genes. There are also emphysematous lesions, in patients with familial pulmonary fibrosis, with mutations in the SFTPC gene (surfactant protein C), and reported cases of CPFE syndrome with SFTPC mutation. No large genetic studies have been conducted to date in the CPFE syndrome. Our main hypothesis is that the proportion of subjects with short telomeres is higher among patients with CPFE syndrome than in subjects of similar age with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis but without emphysema. It has previously been shown that mutations in the telomerase TERT or TERC genes are mostly found in people whose telomeres are abnormally short. The investigators propose to use that test to identify patients most likely carrying a mutation, and to seek, among them, the mutations in the TERT or TERC telomerase genes. The objective of the study is to compare the proportion of patients with short telomeres in the group of patients with CPFE syndrome to that of other patients (with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis without emphysema, or with emphysema without fibrosis).
To assess response to bronchodilation with tiotropium plus salbutamol in patients with severe emphysema and analyze relationships between bronchoreversibility response and semiquantitative computed-tomography based emphysema severity measures.
Aim: To evaluate feasibility, safety and efficacy of relatively simple approach of bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (LVR) technology, independent of collateral ventilation. Description: Patients with severe upper lobes heterogeneous emphysema, undergo unilateral bronchoscopic installation of saline thermal energy 50-55 ºC intending to induce an inflammatory airway and parenchymal injury and consequently fibrotic response resulting in LVR;
This clinical trial evaluates the impact of catheter-based measurement of interloabr collateral ventilation prior to endoscopic lung volume reduction in patients with hetereogeneous emphysema and complete interlobar fissures in high resolution computed tomography.
Patients with large bullae (large empty air sacs in the lung) may benefit from bullectomy (surgery to resect these bullae), however this is a major surgery with significant potential morbidity and long hospital stays. Many patients are not well enough to have this surgery, or may not wish to have it. A less invasive means of attempting to shrink the size of the bullae is to directly inject the patients' own blood into the bullae (we believe that this can lead to an inflammatory reaction leading to gradual scarring and volume loss). This can be performed bronchoscopically in a 20-30 minute procedure using conscious sedation (avoiding general anaesthesia). The aim of this study is to assess the effects on lung function, quality of life measures, functional measures and CT measured lung volumes of bronchoscopic intrabullous blood instillation in patients with bullous emphysema.