View clinical trials related to Disease.
Filter by:The study intends to establish a closed-loop management from prenatal to postnatal through prospective cohort, and comprehensively utilize ultrasound and MRI technology to establish a prenatal diagnosis and evaluation system for congenital talipes equinovarus. On the basis of existing genetic testing, further use of whole-exome sequencing and other genomic methods to explore possible pathogenic genes and loci, and clarify the pathogenic mechanism of congenital talipes equinovarus. Therefore, congenital talipes equinovarus can improve its diagnosis and treatment capacity, reduce the disability rate related to congenital talipes equinovarus, and prevent it well.
An accumulation of research evidence has pointed to parent-implemented communication treatment as effective in reducing the severity of social communication deficits in preschool children with ASD. Despite even high-quality evidence, real-world translation to clinical practice remains challenging, especially for children from lower-income families, for two reasons. First, the treatment outcome is highly variable despite study-level efficacy data, most likely due to unique child and parent factors that make treatment response uneven across individual children. Second, the cost of intervention with the largest effect sizes remains high due to its one-on-one format. With the overarching goal to reduce cost and to increase treatment effectiveness at the individual-child level, this project will conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to compare the effectiveness of two options for intervention to address two specific objectives. The investigators will first ascertain whether parent-implemented communication treatment taught by a speech therapist in a Group format (up to 8 families learning together) is more effective than treatment learnt by the parents themselves in a Passive Control format (learning the same materials without the guidance of a therapist) at the study level. The investigators will then evaluate what combinations of parent and child behavioral factors determine which format of intervention is likely to be more effective at the individual-child level. It is likely that not all families require the more costly Group format of intervention. Machine learning analytics with cross-validation will be used in constructing predictive models of treatment response, which will increase the likelihood of these models being generalizable to new patients. This study will be among the first examples of fulfilling the promise of Precision Medicine in providing guidance to patients and families with developmental disorders not about whether to receive intervention but which option for intervention to receive in the context of multiple options. This predict-to prescribe approach of ASD intervention will likely lead to a paradigm shift in clinical practice and ultimately result in lowering the overall cost and increasing the effectiveness of intervention for children with ASD as individuals.
Internet Gaming Disorder (IOB) is an important problem that is increasingly prevalent all over the world and can be prevented before it develops. This research is a single-blind, randomized controlled experimental study to evaluate the effect of Internet-based education given to parents on children's Internet gaming disorder. 96 children and their parents studying in the central districts of a province and at risk for the development of IOBB were divided into intervention (48) and control groups (48) according to the randomization list. The "I know digital games" training consisting of three modules and 10 videos was given to the intervention group via the website prepared by the researchers, and no intervention was made to the control group. The research data were collected at three different times using the "Internet Gaming Disorder Scale Short Form" (İOOBÖ9-SF) and the forms developed by the researchers. In the analysis of data; descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Mann Whitney U test, and repeated measures ANOVA were used. Before the analysis, eight missing data in the control group were estimated with regression estimation models from intent to treat protocols. Statistical significance level p ≤0.05 was taken in all analyzes. Parents and children in the intervention and control groups were similar in terms of sociodemographic characteristics and playing characteristics (p>0.05). It would be beneficial to involve parents in the interventions that nurses will make for primary school children in order to prevent IOB.
The diagnoses processes of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) focus on the following four main types of diagnoses methods consisting of inspection, olfaction, inquiry, and palpation. The most important one is palpation also called pulse diagnosis which is to measure wrist artery pulse by TCM doctor's fingers to detect patient's health state. The pulse diagnosis has three parts, namely 'Chun', 'Guan' and 'Chy', with the location. Wrist measurements correspond to different parts of the body's organs. In this project, it is to classify pulse types by using specialized pulse measuring instruments. The measured pulse wave (Measured Pulse Wave, MPW) was segmented into arterial pulse wave curves (APWC) by the image suggestion method. The research object of this project is to collect and group patients diagnosed by traditional Chinese medicine practitioners, namely slippery pulse, choppy pulse group and normal pulse control group, with at least 80 cases for each group. The research purpose of this project is mainly to carry out the visualization engineering platform of TCM pulse diagnosis - based on the pulse diagnosis of federated learning to diagnose the pulse waveform image features such as slippery pulse and choppy pulse to provide auxiliary TCM pathological logic analysis research and back-end cross-federal learning of TCM pulse diagnosis Implementation of the node system. In other words, it is expected that the pulse wave characteristics measured by TCM physicians who cooperate with experts in the field can be collected from many TCM pulse diagnosis federated learning nodes, and analyzed by the Multiple-Expert Repertory Grid Elicitation (MERGE) method. Finally, the artificial intelligence model based on FL is trained to carry out TCM pathological logic analysis and related research. The results will be provided to TCM physicians as an important reference to assist clinical diagnosis.
In this study the investigators will examine the effect of general anesthesia and surgery on sleep duration and sleep quality in children, using questionnaires and a sleep diary.
Worldwide, refugees and asylum seekers suffer at high rates from trauma and stress-related mental health problems. The research group therefore developed, and initially piloted in a single-site open trial, a novel mindfulness- and compassion-based digital intervention program - Mindfulness-SOS for refugees (Mindfulness-SOS). The pilot study had promising preliminary findings of utilization, feasibility and related dose-response effects of intervention program engagement with mental health outcomes. The digital intervention program was developed based on randomized control trial data of a group-based mindfulness- and compassion-based program for forcibly displaced people. To address common limitations of mobile health interventions such as attrition, engagement and adherence, the investigators will implement a personalized stepped-care adaptation and augmentation of Mindfulness-SOS, that entails providing intensified (remote) guidance for FDPs that do not respond to the intervention, to optimize capacity to therapeutically benefit from Mindfulness-SOS. To do so, the investigators propose to carry out a randomized controlled Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART) study to test and optimize the therapeutic outcomes of Mindfulness-SOS, using an adaptive intervention sequence of guidance format intensities among N ≅ 170 (50% female) adult trauma-affected Eritrean asylum-seekers residing in Israel.
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a fast-growing and devastating epidemic in the US with many mothers suffering cravings, depression, impaired interpersonal interactions and maladaptive parenting behaviors that may lead to child maltreatment and costly utilization of foster care. This interdisciplinary multisite project will begin with the high risk R61 phase, in which the investigators will administer the parenting intervention "Mom Power" to mothers with OUD during the first 6 months postpartum and look for effects on drug use, mood and brain mechanisms; and, If validated, the investigators will continue in the R33 with more brain mechanism investigation and outcome studies a larger sample. The completion of this grant will clarify the effects of parenting intervention for mothers with OUD, and yield brain-based biomarkers that may be connected with inexpensive measures toward improved treatment of families suffering OUD, their children and society - which ultimately bears much of the cost for the common trans-generational problems of peripartum drug use.
Postoperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) are common postoperative complication of central nervous system, leading to increased risk of the working ability loss after surgery, longer hospital stay, increased medical costs and increased surgical mortality. It is classified as perioperative neurocognitive disorders in mental disorders.Aging is an important demographic characteristic in China, and the elderly is also a population susceptible to PND. There is a lack of targeted prevention and control measures for PND. Central insulin resistance is an important mechanism of cognitive impairment in elderly patients, and exogenous supply of central insulin may be an important measure to improve PND. Compared with conventional subcutaneous and intravenous supply, intranasal insulin administration not only has little effect on blood glucose and insulin levels, but also enters the center through the blood-brain barrier easily and efficiently. Long-term use of intranasal insulin can improve the cognitive function of chronic diseases, but there is a lack of clinical studies on improving PND by intranasal insulin. This study will verify the effectiveness of intranasal insulin in the PND improvement of elderly patients.
The goal of this clinical trial is to compare a novel, condensed version of cognitive behavioral therapy (Bergen 4-Day Treatment, B4DT) to the gold standard psychological treatment (gold-standard CBT) for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). The main question it aims to answer is: • Is B4DT non-inferior to standard cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with regard to OCD symptoms 14 weeks after treatment start? Adult patients with obsessive compulsive disorder will be randomly assigned to receive either gold standard CBT one to two times per week for 14 weeks, or 4 days of B4DT during one week.
At present, diagnosis and recognition of depression and bipolar disorder are mainly based on subjective evidence such as clinical interview and scale evaluation. The corresponding diagnosis basis has some shortcomings, such as poor diagnostic reliability and failure in early identification of bipolar disorder. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore objective diagnostic indicators to remedy the deficiencies. Therefore，the investigators collect psychological and physiological information data of patients with bipolar disorder and depression.Then the investigators aim to construct and verify the multidimensional emotion recognition model to analyze the personality characteristics, negative emotions and cognitive reactions of different individuals, and form a systematic accurate recognition and evaluation tool.