View clinical trials related to Diarrhea.
Filter by:Assessment of the impact of oral Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMO) application on acute diarrhoea and the development of prolonged and persistent diarrhoea in paediatric patients hospitalized with acute diarrhoea.
Chemotherapy is commonly used as myeloablative conditioning treatment to prepare patients for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Chemotherapy leads to several side effects, with gastrointestinal (GI) mucositis being one of the most frequent. Current models of GI mucositis pathophysiology are generally silent on the role of the intestinal microbiome. The aim of the study is to identify functional mechanisms by which the intestinal microbiome may play a key role in the pathophysiology of GI mucositis, the investigators applied high throughput DNA-sequencing analysis to identify microbes and microbial functions that are modulated following chemotherapy.
The aim of this study is to assess the effect of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 administration for the prevention of diarrhea and AAD in children.
The purpose of this study is to assess how free distribution and preemptive home delivery of oral rehydration salts (ORS) by community health workers affects ORS use. The investigators will measure the impact of the combination of the two interventions (free distribution + pre-emptive home delivery) as well as the impact of each intervention separately (free distribution without home delivery and pre-emptive home delivery without free distribution).
Traveler's diarrhoea or turista is the most common disease in travelers. It has been reported based on studies in 20 to 60% of travelers, depending among other conditions and travel destinations. Currently, less than 30% of the etiology of diarrhoea is identified by bacteriological v,irological and parasitology traditional techniques. This ignorance of the diarrhoea etiology causes difficulties in the establishment of a specific and rapid management in this extremely common condition and having a significant cost to society. Technological advances in laboratory diagnosis, such as quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), can allow us now to improve the etiological diagnosis of traveler's diarrhoea using simple rectal swabs. So, the principal objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of a new diagnosis strategy in order to establissh the etiological diagnosis of traveler's diarrhoea. The hypothesis consists in improving the number of patients with a confirmed etiological diagnosis of traveler's diarrhoea by 5%.
The investigators aim to evaluated a public health program in Haiti that introduced an oral cholera vaccine as part of comprehensive control efforts for a major cholera epidemic. Although the vaccine (Shanchol(R)) had been demonstrated to be very safe, and effective at preventing cholera in many settings, it had not extensively been used to control an outbreak, and it had not been extensively studied in populations that were previously naive to cholera (i.e. countries that had never had cholera before). This cholera epidemic was the first ever report of cholera in Haiti. After the cholera vaccination campaign was complete, the investigators aimed to evaluate the field efficacy of the vaccination campaign by evaluating the number of cases of cholera, and determining if cholera patients had been vaccinated. The investigators compared the rate of vaccination in cholera cases to controls from the community that had not had cholera in a case-control study. The investigators also performed a second study - a bias-indicator study - that enrolled patients with non-cholera diarrhea, and community controls. The role of the bias-indicator study was to evaluate for potential sources of bias, since the investigators could expect that cholera vaccination should have no effect on non-cholera diarrhea.
A point-of-care laboratory (POC) was set at North Hospital, Marseille, France for the diagnosis in less than two hours of diarrhoea caused by known pathogens, close to the reception of Emergency service. In this instance 30% of patients have no etiological diagnosis after the POC diarrhoea tests . This lab has discovered over 200 new species of bacteria in humans, including vector bacteria and opened the field of large Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA ) viruses. Also, the laboratory of emerging viruses discovered many Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) viruses transmitted by arthropods. Based on this collection of new pathogens described in POC laboratory, this study proposes to expand the etiological diagnosis strategy of diarrhoea after POC tests.
Patients who have received antibiotics and thereafter developed diarrhea are investigated for presence of Clostridium difficile toxin. Primary treatment is given with oral metronidazole/vancomycin. In case of relapse, secondary treatment is given with either cultured gut microbiota rectally or oral vancomycin in sequence. In those cases where secondary treatment with vancomycin fails cultured gut microbiota is given as final treatment. As an extension treatment, all failures were treated with cluttered gut microbiota through the upper route. In both cases As an alternative cultured gut microbiota may be given via the duodenal route. Follow-up is carried out after 7, 30 and 90 days with interview and stool collection for analysis of Clostridium difficile.
Bile acid malabsorption (BAM), a common cause of diarrhoea, affects 1 million people in the UK, but is often misdiagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome or goes unrecognised in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The SeHCAT (seleno-tauro-homocholic acid) test is currently the only diagnostic test for BAM, but it is not widely available and it is also time consuming, expensive and involves exposure to radioactivity. Some clinicians give a course of blind or empirical treatment instead. The National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) recognised these issues and highlighted the need for cheaper and safer tests to identify BAM. This study will assess the accuracy of a simple, convenient and inexpensive laboratory test for the rapid diagnosis of BAM which measures bile acids in stool. This test has the potential to have a broad impact on clinical practice and patient care by enabling doctors to identify and treat patients with BAM promptly. Results from the second phase of the study will allow the assessment of the benefits of monitoring the stool test to determine whether the bile acid changes can predict the response to treatment and dosage needed for each patient.
This study aims to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of oral doses of surotomycin (CB-183,315) administered for 14 consecutive days in healthy males and females.