Depression Clinical Trial
Official title:
Neuroimaging Studies of Reward Processing in Depression
This study will examine brain responses associated with reinforcement and reward tasks in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD).
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe form of depression that can significantly
interfere with an individual's thoughts, behavior, mood, and physical health. People who
suffer from MDD may experience anhedonia, or the inability to gain pleasure from normally
pleasurable experiences. Such individuals do not respond to motivational rewards in the same
way as do individuals who are not depressed. Anhedonia has been recognized as a core symptom
of depression and it is not always remedied with antidepressant medication. Abnormal brain
activity and processing may be the underlying cause of depression and specifically
anhedonia. A better understanding of the brain mechanisms of depression may lead to the
development of new effective medications or psychological treatments.
Event-related potential (ERP), which measures electrical activity in the brain, and
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which uses scanned images to illustrate
changes in brain activity, are two techniques that can identify abnormal areas of brain
processing. The purpose of this study is to use ERP and fMRI to compare brain activity that
is related to reward processing in individuals with MDD versus individuals without MDD.
This study will consist of 3 study visits; visits will be scheduled as close together as
possible. At the first study visit, potential participants will be assessed with the SCID
(Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV), which will identify individuals with the
diagnostic criteria for MDD. A control group of non-depressed individuals will also be
enrolled in the study. During the second and third study visits, participants will take part
in a monetary reinforcement reward task followed by a signal detection reward task. Brain
activity of all participants will be monitored during both tasks. During the second study
visit, ERP will be used; during the third study visit, fMRI will be used. Demographic
information will also be collected, and participants will complete several standardized
questionnaires to assess mood. Some participants will be asked to return after eight weeks
to complete the fMRI and EEG sessions again. Those who do complete all five sessions will be
awarded a bonus.
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Observational Model: Cohort, Time Perspective: Prospective
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