There are about 25435 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in United Kingdom. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
The Social Responses to Stigma study will explore experiences of stigma and discrimination amongst people who are homeless in south London, and then seek to understand how this stigma is created, mediated or mitigated within health, social, housing and legal care and support systems and social contexts. The methodology is an ethnographic case study of the south London care and support system and its social context. The study will use a range of methods for data collection: interviews with people who are homeless, delivery stakeholders, and policy makers; a survey of peoples' experiences; observation within selected care sites; and gathering of documentary sources. The study will be implemented through two parallel studies. The first, with KCL-REMAS approval, will operate in non-NHS sites. The second, with NHS-IRAS approval, will operate in NHS sites. The protocols are aligned with adaptations for each type of site. A linked method to develop theory is cross-case comparison between South London and Vancouver, Canada, through secondary data analysis to linked studies ongoing there. The study will be ongoing from 2022 until January 2025. The project is funded in two phases, with potential to extend the study by a further three years, to January 2028. The results of the study will inform the design of a novel intervention strategy to address the social dimensions of stigma. Subject to additional funding applications, the intervention strategy will be piloted and evaluated from 2025 onwards. The study results will be disseminated through scientific publications, public reports and a range of public and policy engagement activities.
Diagnostic investigations in paediatric respiratory and sleep medicine are often challenging due to patient size (due to prematurity), tolerability, and compliance with "gold standard equipment". Children with sensory/behavioural issues, at increased risk of sleep disordered breathing (SDB), often find tolerating standard diagnostic equipment difficult. There is a need to develop non-invasive, wireless, devices designed for the paediatric population. Devices must address health in-equalities as high-risk children, with low birth weights, genetic syndromes, or complex neuro-disabilities, are often unable to undergo current investigations, particularly in sleep medicine. Prompt and accurate diagnosis of SDB is important to facilitate early intervention and improve outcomes Infants in the neonatal period can have immature breathing control which manifests as excessive central breathing pauses, apnoea's, whilst asleep requiring oxygen therapy. There is also a risk to newborn term infants of sudden unexpected neonatal collapse, even in "low risk" babies. Diagnosis of breathing issues in babies can be challenging since babies are often too small for standard monitoring equipment. Effective monitoring and appropriate treatment of apnoea's has been shown to improve prognosis in terms of 5-year mortality and neurodevelopmental outcomes. This observational study is part of a phased clinical program of research that aims to validate a small wearable biosensor developed by PneumoWave Ltd in a paediatric clinical setting with the overall primary endpoints of monitoring and assessing respiratory pattern as an aid to sleep diagnostics, and as a device to monitor apnoea in neonatal patients.
This is a long term follow-up study for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) subjects who have received imdusiran treatment in a prior clinical trial, stopped NA therapy during that trial, and remain off therapy. Subjects may enroll after completing the end of study visit (baseline visit within 12 weeks ± 1 week from the end of study [EOS] visit) from their imdusiran clinical trial (the "parent study"). No interventions will be performed in this study other than blood sample collections, review of current medications, and reporting of any adverse events related to study procedures or NA therapy if restarted. Study participation will be for approximately 2 years (to complete a total of at least 3 years of follow-up while off NA therapy, inclusive of parent study participation).
Dental implants have been on the market for several years and they are routinely used to replace single/multiple missing teeth with a high success rate. However, there is still a limited number of studies comparing the influence of timing of implant placement on wound healing. In addition, there is no data available on the signaling pathways and the expression of healing biomarkers involved in the early stages of osseointegration after immediate implant placement (IP) or delayed implant placement (DP). The primary objective of this study is to describe changes in the expression of inflammatory, angiogenesis and osseous biomarkers of saliva at 1, 3, 7, 15 and 30 days and of PICF at 3, 7, 15 and 30 days after immediate implant placement (IP) compared with delayed placement (DP).
The brain possesses a system to get rid of unwanted substances, named Glymphatic System (GS). When this system is faulty, these accumulate, there is local inflammation, and progressive death of the cells. This occurs in neurological diseases including Parkinson's, or Alzheimer's. Inflammation and progressive death of the cells are also present in another neurological disorder, named Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Doctors think that GS dysfunction plays a role in MS too. In this research therefore, the aim is to study whether it drives inflammation, and disease progression in MS patients. The researchers have developed a new way to find signs of alteration of the GS using a scan named Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and will use it in a pilot study on patients with a condition named Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS), which often represents the very beginning of MS. It would therefore be demonstrated that the GS is a new mechanism of disease in CIS, which may associate with the symptoms, or the alterations in the levels of some substances in the blood suggestive of brain cells damage. Should this study be successful, this would provide preliminary evidence to perform a larger research study to assess if GS dysfunction drives the progression of MS.
The goal of the study is to determine the benefit of using an ECochG-based corrective action guide during cochlear implant surgery compared to the traditional surgical approach without ECochG surveillance and guidance.
Pear Bio has developed a predictive biomarker technology that combines 3D cell culture, microscopy and computer vision to measure the response of an individual patient's tumor sample to different systemic therapy regimens that are tested simultaneously ex vivo. This study will recruit patients with advanced or metastatic kidney cancer who are due to start a clinically-indicated new line of therapy. The oncologist will be blinded to the response on the Pear Bio test (the test will be run in parallel with the patient's treatment). The primary objective of this study is to establish the sensitivity and specificity of Pear Bio's test results against patient outcomes (objective response, progression-free survival, depth and duration of response, overall survival).
As part of the ageing process muscles become weaker. One of the reasons for this is that mitochondria, the 'engines' that provide energy to fuel muscles, age and work less efficiently. Mitochondria are found in almost all cells in the human body. Mitochondria take in nutrients that are provided from food and break these down to create energy-rich compounds to fuel many different processes in the body. Muscles are loaded with mitochondria because they require a lot of energy. Mitochondria naturally produce small compounds called oxidants that can damage muscle cells and can cause inflammation. The cells in the body have a natural defence system to protect against oxidants, but when mitochondria age and become less efficient, the amount of oxidants that they produce can increase. These oxidants can damage muscles and the mitochondria themselves. Antioxidants, such as vitamin C, may help protect muscles from the damage caused by oxidants, and may help mitochondria work more efficiently. In this study, the investigators will explore whether vitamin C can help mitochondria work more efficiently, which may improve muscle strength, and help older people to remain mobile and independent for longer.
Preterm Prelabour Rupture of the Membranes is a pregnancy complication affecting 3% of all pregnancies. Outcomes for both the mother and baby are variable including: preterm delivery, fetal infection, cord prolapse, abruption as well as maternal sepsis and even maternal death. The outcomes are not only variable but the stress and uncertainty can be over a protracted period of time. This is a pilot study that aims to provide personalised psychological intervention at the time of PPROM based on Cognitive Behavioural Principles to see whether this improves psychological outcomes for women.
Bile acid diarrhoea is a common cause of chronic watery diarrhoea. Treatment is life-long medication. However, about 50% of people have ongoing, bothersome diarrhoea. Findings from recent research on diet therapies and food intolerances have been used to develop a healthy dietary pattern called The 8x5 Diet. We will test the practicalities of conducting a randomised controlled trial of this dietary intervention.