View clinical trials related to Coronary Disease.
Filter by:The investigators aim to assess safety and efficiency of Tiger II (5Fr; Terumo Interventional Systems, Somerset, New Jersey) vs Judkins (5Fr; 3.5L/4R, Medtronic Co) catheters, in coronary angiography via the right transradial route. This is a prospective, randomized, two-centre, study of parallel design. Consecutive patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), eligible for non-urgent coronary angiography, are randomized after successful cannulation of right radial artery and informed consent to either Tigger II or Judkins 3.5L/4R catheters.
About 35% of patients hospitalized with Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) have some degree of renal dysfunction. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not only associated to worse prognosis in ACS patients, but leads also to an increased risk of bleeding, which may importantly influence the risk-benefit ratio of antiplatelet therapy in this population. The responsible mechanisms for increased rate of ischemic events in this population are not completely elucidated. Antiplatelet therapy is of paramount importance in the treatment of ACS, but its benefit in CKD patients is not well established. This population is often excluded or underrepresented in large clinical trials, and the indication of antiplatelet therapy is often extrapolated from studies in patients with preserved renal function. In recent meta-analysis, Palmer et al. sought to evaluate the benefits and risks of antiplatelet agents in patients with CKD and concluded that in patients with ACS or scheduled for angioplasty already taking aspirin, the addition of clopidogrel or glycoprotein IIb / IIIa inhibitors have little or no impact in reducing the incidence of myocardial infarction, death or need for revascularization. In the PLATO trial, ticagrelor (a new reversible inhibitor of P2Y12 receptor with faster onset of action and greater platelet inhibition) was compared to clopidogrel in patients with high risk ACS and was associated to a 16% risk reduction on the occurrence of death from vascular causes, myocardial infarction, or stroke. In a pre-specified sub-analysis, data from patients with CKD were compared to those obtained from the population with normal renal function and suggests that the benefit of ticagrelor may be even greater in patients with CKD. Two hypotheses were considered to explain these results: 1. Greater and more consistent platelet inhibition achieved with ticagrelor would be more effective in reducing ischemic events in this population at increased thrombotic risk; 2. Pleiotropic effects of ticagrelor besides inhibition of the P2Y12 receptor. Ticagrelor might be associated with an elevation in serum levels of adenosine. This could improve myocardial perfusion through coronary vasodilation, and this effect would be more pronounced in patients with renal dysfunction. This project aims to validate (or not) these hypotheses, analyzing platelet aggregation and circulating adenosine levels in patients taking dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel or ticagrelor.
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is associated with high mortality worldwide. Narrowing of the coronary arteries can cause an acute myocardial infarction. Patient with cardiac ischemia are often treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Following hospitalisation, the patients are offered to attend a classical rehabilitation program with moderate exercise intensity. Current exercise program for cardiac rehabilitation has proven to reduce cardiovascular risk factors 1. Is it possible to improve the exercise capacity and risk profile even more if the exercise program includes more vigorous training? The program starts one week after the cardiac incident (AMI, PCI or CABG) and takes 12 weeks to complete. Patients with heart failure and valvular disease are excluded. First ventilatory threshold (VT1) and second ventilatory threshold (VT2) are determined during cycloerometry. VT2 reflects aerobic-anaerobic transition and therefore the aerobic functional capacity2. Exercise load reached at VT2 is used to determine the training load during rehabilitation. The research goal is to investigate the influence of training intensity on the exercise capacity and risk profile of CAD patients.
In human purified platelets, only thrombin, and not the other platelet agonists, leads to a transient activation of the protein kinase activated by AMP (AMPK) and to phosphorylation of its "bona fide" substrate, ACC on its Ser79. ACC phosphorylation (P-ACC) can be an interesting marker of thrombin action on platelets. Indeed platelet and coagulation interplay, though undoubtedly present in atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis, remains difficult to assess. Our group showed that atherosclerotic mice (SRBI/Apolipoprotein E knock-out) had higher platelet P-ACC compared to corresponding control mice (C57BL6). In agreement with these data, preliminary results showed increased platelet P-ACC in a small cohort of patients admitted for coronary angiogram, with demonstrated coronary artery disease (CAD). In the light of our preliminary results, we sought to analyze platelet P-ACC in a large prospective clinical trial (ACCTHEROMA) in patients admitted for coronary angiogram. The aim of the study is to compare platelet P-ACC in platelets of patients with CAD and more particularly in unstable CAD patients to non-CAD patients. This study could potentially identify patients at high risk of future ischemic cardiovascular events, because of a higher level of thrombin generation.
Adequate support is required for challenging percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). The "TransRadial Ultra Support Technique" (TRUST technique) is a new support technique that provides active support by deep pass of the coronary wire into the heart cavities (left ventricle-LV, right ventricle-RV) or aorta.
The investigators hypothesize that the orbital atherectomy system (OAS), a newer generation atherectomy device, reduces the incidence of microcirculatory compromise as compared to older generation rotational atherectomy (RA) due to differences in the mechanism of athero-ablation.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the precision of semi-automated lumen boundary identification from coronary computed tomography angiography (cCTA) by current version of HeartFlow software and the impact on fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) by using optical coherence tomography (OCT) as reference standard.
This study will be a pilot prospective randomized study using a peer mentor with or without Transcendental Meditation as compared to usual care for men and women with a new diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). The study is designed to explore between cohort comparisons of perceived stress and a number of additional outcomes. The results of this pilot study will be used in the design of larger future trials. The target population is adult men and women with a new diagnosis of CAD made on the basis of a myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization procedure, acute coronary syndrome, or imaging test suggestive of CAD. The overall hypothesis of this proposal is that the addition of a peer mentor and training in Transcendental Meditation to usual care will improve perceived stress and medication adherence for men and women with newly diagnosed CAD as compared with usual care.
People with cardiovascular risk (CV) factors (obesity, diabetes, etc...) or established heart disease (such as coronary heart disease or chronic heart failure) often have cognitive dysfunction as compared to people without CV risk factors or heart disease. Among the mechanisms, a reduced cardiac output and cerebral blood flow in those people have been suggested. The aim of this study was to compare resting cognitive function, maximal cardiopulmonary function, cardiac output and cerebral hemodynamics during exercise in patients with metabolic syndrome, coronary heart disease, or heart failure vs. healthy subjects.
Alirocumab is an injectable treatment for elevated blood cholesterol. The hypothesis of this study is that it also increases cholesterol excretion from the body into the stool, a process sometimes called reverse cholesterol transport. A cholesterol metabolic study will be done before and after 6 weeks of alirocumab treatment. If alirocumab increases reverse cholesterol transport, it is possible that this action provides additional protection from cardiovascular disease.