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Filter by:This goal of this clinical trial is to examine the effects of the Muslim prayer (salaat) on physiological arousal among Muslim women. This study aims to measure EEG and HRV during the salaat performance among Muslim women. Using EEG as a measure of physiological relaxation, HRV will be utilized as a measure of stress experienced by Muslim women whose prayer have been understudied in research on the salaat. Thus, the main questions it aims to answer are 1) whether salaat performed by Muslim women influences physiological relaxation similar to what is seen by men, and 2) Evaluate health-related correlates of perceived discrimination among Muslim women. Participants will complete 15 questionnaires. Participants will be connected to a Heart Rate Variability (HRV) monitor as well as a 32-electrode EEG cap. After the baseline data are obtained, all participants will complete both conditions (salaat and counting) but the order of participation in conditions will be randomly assigned. The resting period will again occur between conditions and at the end of the second condition. All participants will pray the Duha prayer, an optional superogatory prayer that typically occurs in the early morning, to control for differences in timing and duration of prayer. The Duha is completed between the dawn and noon prayers and consists of four cycles of prayer as well as Qur'an recitation and supplication throughout the four positions. The salaat condition includes four cycles with four different positions during each cycle (standing with bowing at a 90-degree angle with both hands covering the knees, standing again briefly with arms at the sides, prostrating with forehead, hands, knees, and feet touching the ground, followed by sitting with knees bent under the torso, prostrating, and sitting again). The counting condition will include the same physical component as the salaat condition. This will include 4 cycles of movement through the four different positions (i.e., standing, bowing at a 90-degree angle with both hands covering the knees, standing again briefly with arms at the sides, prostrating with forehead, hands, knees, and feet touching the ground, followed by sitting with knees bent under the torso, prostrating, and a final sitting position in cycles two and four (see Figure 2)). Apart from not including the final sitting position, cycles one and three are identical to cycles two and four (see Figure 2). The counting condition will include replacing Qur'anic recitation and subsequent supplications throughout the prayer by counting "one one-thousand, two one-thousand, three one-thousand, etc." throughout the duration of time typically required to perform the full salaat. During the standing position, counting can last for approximately 30-60 seconds in line with the previous study by Doufesh and colleagues (2012). Thus, the first three cycles of prayer will require approximately 77 seconds each while the final cycle will require around 97 seconds based on the estimates by Doufesh and colleagues (2012), for a total of approximately five and a half minutes. To ensure that participant duration during the counting condition is, on average, equivalent to the salaat condition, an audio recording will be provided with counting aloud during each position. The duration of the counting in the audio recording will be an average of the duration of each position as found in Doufesh and colleagues (2012). A bell sound will be used to indicate when participants should change to the next position. After performance of each condition, participants will return to a comfortable seated position. Participants will complete a questionnaire to rate their mental focus in the condition. Blood pressure will be measured at the end of each condition. While at rest, assessment of blood pressure, HRV, and EEG will be obtained from participants for 5 minutes between each condition and at the end of the study.
The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the levels of Ribonucleic acid (RNA) circulating molecules, including ones in extracellular vesicles from different organs in the blood and in the saliva of patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) and Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) to see if a new, non-invasive diagnostic test can be developed for heart failure exacerbation.
The investigators hypothesize that abnormalities in thromboelastography (TEG) parameters in patients with liver, pancreas, biliary, esophageal, colorectal, and lung adenocarcinoma can serve as biomarkers for oncologic disease burden, cancer recurrence and overall survival as well as thrombotic and hemorrhagic post-operative complications. The investigators further hypothesize that there is histologic pathology correlates to pre-operative TEG abnormalities, and that it identifies patients with virulent tumor biology.
This project will test an implementation strategy that seeks to align system, organization, and clinic leadership strategies to implement and sustain the Lyssn artificial intelligence (AI) quality assurance platform to support implementation of Motivational Interviewing (MI) and evidence-based practice (EBP) for substance use disorders. The Leadership and Organizational Change for Implementation - System Level (LOCI-SL) strategy seeks to engage policymakers and funders at the system level to improve implementation leadership, climate, provider attitudes and behaviors at the provider organization level to enhance implementation climate for EBP. LOCI-SL will be tested in a statewide addiction service system through clinics in community based behavioral health organizations.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of YES-ERACE (Youth Empowerment Solutions for Engaging Youth for Anti-Racism and Cultural Equity) compared to regular after school programming in increasing youth empowerment, promoting anti-racist behaviors, and decreasing youth violence. Through the evidence-based YES (Youth Empowerment Solutions) program, youth design and implement projects to help improve their communities. In the current study, investigators adapted the existing YES curriculum to empower youth from diverse backgrounds to address racism and racial discrimination to reduce violent behavior, including race-based victimization. The adapted curriculum, YES-ERACE, focus on middle school students. The investigators test the effects of YES-ERACE using a group-randomized trial in after-school programs across 6 middle schools, examining the effects of the curriculum on youths' sense of empowerment, racism attitudes, and violent behavior. Dose-response and sustainability of YES-ERACE effects are also examined.
The investigators' overall objective is to demonstrate the efficacy of the Bullying Classroom Check-Up (BCCU) on elementary aged students' aggressive and bullying behaviors, teacher practices, and student and teacher relationships. The investigators' principal hypothesis is that the BCCU will improve students' aggression and bullying behaviors and their perceptions of the school climate and relationships in the building as well as teacher practices.
The rehabilitation intensity and frequency of upper extremities of stroke patients is insufficient. Virtual reality technique may solved this problem. The investigators want to build up the motion trajectory system by head-mounted display virtual reality technique, and to explore the effect of visual feedback on motion trajectory in a virtual reality environment.
Two randomised controlled trials will be conducted to evaluate a virtual reality (VR) simulation designed to reduce stigma against depression. Qualitative interviews will also be carried out to evaluate the VR simulation.