View clinical trials related to Coinfection.
Filter by:This is a phase 2 trial of foscenvivint in liver cirrhosis patients caused by HIV/HCV co-infection with hemophilia to evaluate the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and bacterial co-infection are the most common causes of pneumonia. Currently, there is no vaccine available for RSV prevention, and the use of the antiviral medication ribavirin is not widely recommended for children. Therefore, the primary treatment approach follows the general protocol for pneumonia, and oxygen therapy is recommended for all cases of pneumonia with respiratory failure. However, in children, the treatment of RSV and bacterial pneumonia remains supportive to prevent bacterial co-infection and respiratory failure. Probiotics have emerged as promising and safe options for supporting the treatment of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) and reducing dependence on antibiotics in recent years. In this study, investigators propose that the direct administration of probiotics through a nasal spray can offer rapid and effective symptomatic treatment for children with pneumonia who require oxygen therapy due to RSV and bacterial co-infections. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of nasal-spraying probiotics containing spores of two bacterial strains, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus clausii (LiveSpo Navax), in preventing and supporting the treatment of severe pneumonia in children (who require oxygen therapy) caused by RSV infection and bacterial co-infection. Study population: The sample size was 100, and the study was conducted at the Vietnam National Children's Hospital. Description of Study Intervention: All 100 eligible patients were randomly divided into two groups (n = 50/each): Patients in the Control group received routine treatment and were administered 0.9% NaCl physiological saline 3 times/day, while the patients in the Navax group received LiveSpo Navax 3 times/day in addition to the same standard of care treatment. The standard treatment regimen typically lasts for 5-7 days, but its duration can be extended based on the severity of the patient's respiratory failure. Study duration: 12 months.
This study assesses topics as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), and cancer screening methods. The focus will be on evaluating feasibility of implementing novel cancer screening modalities in a low-resource setting in Guinea-Bissau and further to estimate the prevalence of the precancerous virus HPV amongst women living with HIV. In the study the investigators will collect urinary and vaginal self-samples for HPV testing, and further evaluate the feasibility of implementing the devices as screening modalities through questionnaires given to the women.
Tuberculosis (TB) is the world's leading infectious cause of mortality and responsible for 1/3 of deaths in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV). Children and adolescents living with HIV (CALHIV) are disproportionately affected due to inadequate preventive services, large case detection gaps, treatment and adherence challenges, and knowledge gaps. This project will generate evidence to inform interventions targeting several of these weaknesses in the TB/HIV cascade of care. Early detection and treatment of TB improve outcomes in people living with HIV (PLHIV). A key challenge in the detection of HIV-associated TB has been the implementation of screening that identifies the correct population for diagnostic testing. Increasing evidence demonstrates the poor performance of recommended symptom screens and diagnostic approaches. Hence, the investigators aim to define a more accurate TB screening and testing strategy among PLHIV (Objective 1 and Objective 2). TB preventive treatment (TPT) averts HIV-associated TB. Nevertheless, among PLHIV, TPT initiation and completion rates are sub-optimal and effective delivery strategies are not defined. As such, the investigators aim to identify the most effective TPT delivery strategy through shared decision making and by integrating approaches proven to be effective at improving HIV treatment adherence (Objective 3). Although evidence demonstrates that isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is cost-effective in young children living in TB/HIV high burden settings, the cost-effectiveness of newer short-course TPT has primarily been studied in the context of a TB low-burden, high-income setting. The investigators aim to generate evidence to fill this knowledge gap and inform policy for PLHIV living in TB/HIV high burden settings (Objective 4). This study is supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) as part of a financial assistance award totaling an anticipated $5,000,000 over five years with 100 percent funded by CDC/HHS.
Develop an emergency PanorOmics Wide Association Study (ePWAS) for the early, rapid biological and pathophysiological characterisation of known and novel Infectious Diseases in adult patients presenting to emergency departments with suspected, acute, community-acquired respiratory infectious disease (scaRID). Phase 1 1. Develop an ED-ID biobank (named ePWAS-RID). Phase 2 2. Targeted research for the discovery of novel diagnostics, prognostics and therapeutics
Subjects can be classified into two groups, Group 1 include non-cirrhotic patients, Group 2 include cirrhotic patients. All the patients will be received prophylactically TAF for 4 weeks before using SOF/VEL once daily for 12 weeks. In total, Group 1 patients will be discontinued TAF once daily therapy at the end of week 28 if no HBV reactivation occurs during treatment , Group 2 patients will be received TAF once daily for 64 weeks. In this study, after week 64, Group 2 patients will continue NUC treatment but pay by themselves. For those who is GT3 cirrhosis patients, RBV added simultaneously with SOF/VEL for 12 weeks. For patients weighing < 75 kg, the dose is 500 mg twice; for patients weighing ≥ 75 kg, the dose is 600 mg twice.
The METHOD study will examine whether adding metformin to standard antibiotic treatment for tuberculosis (TB) in people with HIV is safe and well tolerated. The study will also test if adding metformin clears the infection more quickly and with less lung damage. When enrolled, participants will have an equal chance of being in the group that takes standard TB medicines alone or in the group that also takes metformin. Participants will have a chance to be put on either: 1) standard TB medicines (isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and pyrazinamide for two months, continuing isoniazid and rifampin for four more months) only; or 2) the same standard TB medicines plus metformin. Participants randomized to the metformin arm will take metformin for eleven weeks, starting one week after starting the standard TB medicines. In addition to monitoring for side effects, all participants will have studies of drug levels and lung and immune function.
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a health burden in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Interferon (IFN)-based therapy is the treatment of choice for HCV infection for HIV coinfected patients in earlier years. However, the treatment responses are far from ideal and the treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) are frequently encountered. Based on the excellent efficacy and safety, IFN-free direct acting antivirals (DAAs) have been the mainstay of therapy for HCV. Furthermore, the world health organization (WHO) has set the goal of global HCV elimination by 2030. The microelimination of HCV among HIV/HCV-coinfected patients is also listed as the prioritized target by WHO. Although the overall treatment response has improved dramatically during the past 5-10 years, several studies have indicated the HIV/HCV-coinfected patients had high risks of reinfection following successful antiviral treatment. The risk of HCV reinfection was reported to be 24.6% among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) in Austria, German, France and the United Kingdom who attained sustained virologic response (SVR) by IFN-based therapy. Two recent studies from Canada showed that the incidence of HCV reinfection in HIV-positive patients was higher that HIV-negative patients (3.44 vs. 1.13 per 100 person-year; 2.56 vs. 1.12 per 100 person-year). In Taiwan, 14.1% of the HIV-positive patients had HCV reinfection following treatment-induced or spontaneous viral clearance, resulting an incidence of 8.2 per 100 person-year with a total of 218.3 person-years of follow-up for these patients. Because data regarding to the HCV reinfection in HIV-positive patients are still limited, where a more comprehensive assessment of HCV reinfection is important based on the perspectives of HCV microelimination among HIV-positive patients in Taiwan, the investigators thus aim to conduct a long-term, large-scale cohort study to assess the risk of HCV reinfection in HIV-positive patients achieving SVR after IFN-based or IFN-free therapies, and to assess the factors associated with different risks of reinfection in these patients.
Optimal is a Randomized clinical trial to optimize treatment of malaria in HIV -malaria co infected patients. It has been demonstrated that, when the antimalarial drug Artemether Lumefantrine is co administered with Efavirenz based ART in HIV-malaria co-infected individuals, sub therapeutic levels of the drug are achieved hence resulting in poor malaria treatment outcomes. The study then hypothesizes that, : HIV-malaria co-infected individuals receiving efavirenz-based ART plus a double-dose or 5-day course of artemether-lumefantrine will achieve higher and adequate artemether-lumefantrine serum concentrations with adequate 42-day treatment outcomes compared to individuals with HIV-malaria co-infection receiving efavirenz-based ART plus a standard-dose of artemether-lumefantrine.
The overall aim of this study is to assess the potential of an expanded TB testing strategy to increase the number of HIV-positive patients with microbiologically diagnosed TB who are started on treatment in adult wards of sub-Saharan Africa.