View clinical trials related to Coinfection.
Filter by:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and bacterial co-infection are the most common causes of pneumonia. Currently, there is no vaccine available for RSV prevention, and the use of the antiviral medication ribavirin is not widely recommended for children. Therefore, the primary treatment approach follows the general protocol for pneumonia, and oxygen therapy is recommended for all cases of pneumonia with respiratory failure. However, in children, the treatment of RSV and bacterial pneumonia remains supportive to prevent bacterial co-infection and respiratory failure. Probiotics have emerged as promising and safe options for supporting the treatment of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) and reducing dependence on antibiotics in recent years. In this study, investigators propose that the direct administration of probiotics through a nasal spray can offer rapid and effective symptomatic treatment for children with pneumonia who require oxygen therapy due to RSV and bacterial co-infections. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of nasal-spraying probiotics containing spores of two bacterial strains, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus clausii (LiveSpo Navax), in preventing and supporting the treatment of severe pneumonia in children (who require oxygen therapy) caused by RSV infection and bacterial co-infection. Study population: The sample size was 100, and the study was conducted at the Vietnam National Children's Hospital. Description of Study Intervention: All 100 eligible patients were randomly divided into two groups (n = 50/each): Patients in the Control group received routine treatment and were administered 0.9% NaCl physiological saline 3 times/day, while the patients in the Navax group received LiveSpo Navax 3 times/day in addition to the same standard of care treatment. The standard treatment regimen typically lasts for 5-7 days, but its duration can be extended based on the severity of the patient's respiratory failure. Study duration: 12 months.
The goal of this study is to improve HCV care continuum outcomes for people who inject drugs (PWID), reduce potential onward transmission to others and improve HIV outcomes among those who are HIV/HCV coinfected. The study will evaluate whether HCV treatment outcomes (sustained virologic response, treatment completion, adherence) and post treatment outcomes (HCV reinfection, HIV viral suppression) in HCV mono- and HIV/HCV co-infected PWID can be optimized by tailoring treatment support in 7 PWID-focused integrated HIV/HCV prevention and treatment centers in India.
A Respiratory infection with the SARS-CoV2 virus is associated with a major risk of viral pneumonia that can lead to respiratory distress requiring resuscitation. In the most severe forms, it may require mechanical ventilation or even lead to an acute respiratory distress syndrome with a particularly poor prognosis. The SARS-CoV2 is a single-stranded RNA virus of positive polarity and belongs to the beta genus of Coronaviruses. SARS-CoV2 is responsible for the third epidemic in less than twenty years secondary to a Coronavirus (SARS-CoV then MERS-CoV) and if the mortality associated with it is lower than that of previous strains, notably MERS-CoV, its spread is considerably big. As a result, the number of patients developing respiratory distress requiring invasive mechanical ventilation is high, with prolonged ventilation duration in these situations
The goal of this study is to assess hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment with Zepatier (elbasvir/grazoprevir) in HCV monoinfected and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-HCV co-infected, HCV treatment-naïve or peginterferon/ribavirin-experienced patients with HCV genotype 1a, without baseline NS5A resistance, 1b, or 4 and substance use in urban, multidisciplinary specialty clinics.
In Asia, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) commonly occurred in the underlying hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver disease.Curative therapies could improve the prognosis of HCC patients. However, tumor recurrence after curative therapy remains high with a 5-year recurrence rate >70%.The risk for HCC development is increased for patient with HBV infection，but there was no consensus about which kind of oral antiviral treatment was the best option in the prevention of HBV related HCC recurrence after curative treatment.Therefore, we conducted this study to investigate the different effects of nucleotides(TDF) and nucleosides(ETV) on the prognosis of HBV-related HCC after curative resection.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can be treated, but therapy is usually lifelong and has side effects, so a cure for HBV is a critical endpoint. This study examines the key steps to HBV cure in the setting of HIV-HBV co-infection, where rates of development of antibodies against HBV after starting HBV treatment are higher than in people with HBV alone starting treatment. In Asia both HBV and HIV are common so this provides a unique opportunity to study HBV. We will investigate how an effective immune response against the two main HBV proteins is developed. If we can understand how the immune response works against HBV, this could be used to develop new therapies towards a cure for HBV
Children hospitalized with severe illness in sub-Saharan Africa are at high risk of morbidity and mortality following discharge from hospital. These children represent an accessible high-risk population in which targeted interventions to prevent morbidity and mortality could have dramatic impact. A large cluster randomized trial of azithromycin delivered in a mass drug administration program within trachoma endemic areas in sub-Saharan Africa demonstrated an almost 50% mortality benefit in children 1-9 years of age in treated communities. However, mass drug administration of azithromycin leads to the rapid emergence of macrolide resistance within treated communities and is expensive. The targeted delivery of azithromycin to children at hospital discharge may be a novel and practical intervention to maximize benefit while minimizing risk of antibiotic resistance. This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine the efficacy of azithromycin provided at discharge, compared to placebo, in reducing mortality and re-hospitalization rates in children age 1-59 months in Kenya. The study will also investigate potential mechanisms by which azithromycin may reduce morbidity and mortality in this population and will assess the emergence of antibiotic resistance among treated individuals and their primary caregivers. A cost-effectiveness analysis of the intervention will also be conducted.
The researchers of this study are observing the treatment of multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in South Africa. MDR-TB can not be treated with the usual TB drugs and needs to be treated with special drugs. The patients need to take these drugs for up to two years. Certain hospitals have already agreed to participate in this research project, half of the hospitals will be assigned a nurse case manager and the other half will not. The researchers are studying the benefits of having a nurse case manager to improve treatment response for patients with drug resistant TB. The researchers believe that nurse case management (NCM) in the intervention sites will increase MDR-TB cure and completion rates (i.e. treatment success) in comparison to usual care (UC), i.e. standardized programmatic management alone, in patients with and without HIV co-infection. To do this, the researchers will review the medical information collected at the hospital as part of the patient's treatment after obtaining the patient's permission.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of rapid scale-up of new hepatitis C (HCV) treatments, known as interferon-free Direct Acting Antiviral (DAA) drugs, and impact on the proportion of people with HCV within the HIV-HCV coinfected population of Australia. It is hypothesised that a rapid scale-up of hepatitis C treatment with interferon-free therapies in individuals with HIV-HCV coinfection will assist in controlling HCV infection in this population.
We propose a first interaction study between efavirenz (EFV) and R20mg/Kg taking into consideration the absence of data about R induction at this dose. Due to an important inter-patient variability of the CYP2B6 polymorphism, the EFV pharmacokinetic (Pk) will be compared in same patients with and without TB treatment. The main objective is to compare the Pk parameters of EFV in HIV-TB co-infected patients, with and without TB treatment, using R at 10 and 20mg/Kg/day and EFV at 600 and 800mg/day.