View clinical trials related to Cognitive Dysfunction.
Filter by:The goal of the proposed observational, multi-site study is to use fNIRS neurophysiological data recorded during a battery of tasks to detect MCI within a cohort consisting of patients and age-matched healthy controls. Furthermore, the investigators aim to explore whether they can measure the severity of MCI symptoms in the patient population. If successful, this approach enables clinicians to track the disease at its source-the brain; possibly allowing for earlier detection of MCI and its progression, and ultimately more efficient interventions.
The goal of this phase II study is to establish the dose-response curves of a safe and clinically feasible non-invasive brain stimulation technique (accelerated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)) to improve both depression and cognitive function in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) patients with comorbid depression. It is known that TMS can effectively treat depression. Identifying the right dose of accelerated TMS in MCI patients is necessary prior to designing subsequent trials to determine efficacy. These results will inform future clinical trials of accelerated TMS for MCI, with the long-term goal of developing an efficacious treatment to prevent dementia.
Patients over the age of 65 years are at increased risk for developing delirium after noncardiac surgeries, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. The prevention of postoperative delirium has been classified as a public health priority. However, so far data regarding possible intraoperative interventions to reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium is very scarce. Due to the more rapid wash-in and wash-out times of desflurane as compared to sevoflurane or propofol it seems reasonable that desflurane might be beneficial for the prevention of postoperative delirium. Therefore, we evaluate the effect of maintenance of anesthesia using desflurane, sevoflurane or propofol on postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing moderate- to high-risk major noncardiac surgery.
This clinical trial aims to learn about the therapeutic value of Methylprednisolone, a well-known immunosuppressant, on cognitive deficits in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS). The main questions it aims to answer are: 1) Does Methylprednisolone improve memory function in PCS patients compared to placebo? 2) Does Methylprednisolone improve other patient centered outcomes in PCS patients such as fatigue, mood and quality of life compared to placebo? 3)What are the side effects of Methylprednisolone in this patient population, and how common are they? Participants in this study will be patients with PCS and cognitive deficits, who will be asked to participate for 52 weeks. They will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: One group will receive Methylprednisolone once daily for six weeks, with a dosage reduction after week 4. The other group will receive a matching placebo once daily for six weeks, following the same titration regimen to ensure blinding. Participants will attend outpatient follow-up visits in weeks 8 and 20, with a final telephone follow-up after 52 weeks. Clinical examinations and safety monitoring will be conducted during the treatment phase. This study's results may help develop more effective therapies for this condition.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system that often results in motor and/or cognitive impairment. Epidemiologically, the onset occurs between the ages of 20 and 40, with a peak around the age of 30. MS is an extremely heterogeneous disease in terms of signs and symptoms, both in terms of the neurological systems involved and the degree of impairment and severity. The most common symptoms include, among others, difficulty walking and lack of balance. The lack of stability and coordination reduces independence and mobility, predisposing people with MS to accidental falls and compromising mobility in daily life. Another symptom that characterises MS is cognitive impairment, which mainly alters information processing speed and short- and long-term memory. MS-related cognitive impairment is detectable at every stage of the disease. Very often, people with MS have co-existing cognitive and motor deficits, which add to the complexity of managing MS. In order to address this condition, a treatment strategy that combines cognitive and motor rehabilitation needs to be identified. Despite the increasing availability of effective drug therapies that may impact on balance, rehabilitation is a very important means to counteract the progression of disability and improve physical function, affecting social participation and improving quality of life. In recent years, rehabilitation makes use of various robotic devices, which are based on repeatable, intense and motivating exercises, integrated with an enriched virtual environment, capable of improving the quality of movement. In light of the literature, which mainly focuses on robotic therapy for walking, this pilot study aims to evaluate the effects of a specific robotic treatment for balance in MS patients. The primary objective of the study is the evaluation of the effects of technological rehabilitation by means of a robotic platform (Hunova® Movendo Technology srl, Genoa, IT) on static balance. The secondary objective is the evaluation of the effects of technological rehabilitation by means of a robotic platform (Hunova® Movendo Technology srl, Genoa, IT) 1. on dynamic balance and walking (assessed with clinical and instrumental scales) 2. on fatigue and cognitive performance in terms of sustained attention, dual-task cost and cognitive-motor interference; 3. on quality of life.
To examine the effects of a 1-year cluster-randomized controlled intervention of MIND diet on cognitive function among 240 participants with mild cognitive function (MCI) aged 50 years and above from 4 communities.
Twenty-five participants with PD utilizing the Medtronic Percept PC DBS system will be enrolled for this project and complete a single bout of both FE and VE. The 150-minute experimental session will be completed in the OFF antiparkinsonian and Off-DBS state.
Delirium is a clinical syndrome caused by normal dysfunction of the brain, characterized by reduced awareness and responsiveness to the environment, as well as orientation disorders, incoherent thinking and memory disorders. Delirium indicates poor recovery of cognitive function, decreased ability of daily life, may need to enter nursing homes, and even lead to adverse outcomes such as death. According to a number of clinical studies, middle-aged and elderly people are prone to delirium after undergoing major surgery. Delirium occurs in 31 % -40 % of patients over 50 years old after cardiac surgery. Compared with patients without postoperative delirium, patients with postoperative delirium had significant cognitive impairment within 1 year after cardiac surgery. The occurrence of delirium suggests that the patient 's brain has become fragile, cognitive function has begun to decline, and the risk of future dementia has increased. Secondly, delirium and dementia have overlapping clinical features and common pathogenic mechanisms. Some scholars even speculate that delirium and dementia represent different stages of a common process. It is generally believed that the peripheral immune system may be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of dementia through the dysfunctional blood-brain barrier. The activation of microglia and astrocytes leads to the release of chemokines, which can recruit peripheral immune cells to the central nervous system. At the same time, cytokines released by peripheral cells can cross the blood-brain barrier and act on glial cells to change their phenotype. This study is a prospective cohort study of patients aged 65 and over who are about to undergo elective cardiac surgery.CyTOF can achieve accurate immunophenotyping of cell populations while comprehensively and accurately detecting and analyzing cytokines and signaling pathways. Therefore, the detection of peripheral blood biomarkers may effectively predict the risk of long-term cognitive dysfunction and postoperative delirium in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of a novel deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the Subthalamic Nucleus (STN) and Nucleus Basalis of Meynert (NBM) to treat cognitive and cognitive-motor symptoms in individuals with Parkinson's disease. The main question it aims to answer is: Is a combined deep brain stimulation approach targeting the STN and NBM with four DBS leads safe and tolerable for cognitive and cognitive-motor symptoms in individuals with Parkinson's disease with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Ten participants are anticipated to be enrolled. Participants will undergo a modification of the traditional STN DBS approach for motor symptoms of PD. In addition to the two leads placed within the STN, two additional leads will be placed with the NBM for treatment of cognitive and cognitive-motor symptoms. Novel stimulation patterns will be used within the NBM to target cognitive and cognitive-motor symptoms using an investigational software. Participants will be followed over two years while receiving this therapy with assessments at baseline and every six months. Assessments will include a combination of neuropsychological evaluations, cognitive assessments, motor tasks (including gait/walking), and questionnaires to evaluate the treatment. Two different surgical trajectories will be used, with half the cohort randomized to each group. This will allow comparison of the impact of surgical trajectory on the intervention.
The purpose of the study is to test whether low level electric stimulation, called transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), on the part of the brain (i.e., presupplementary motor area) thought to aid in memory will improve verbal retrieval in multiple sclerosis patients. The primary outcome measures are neuropsychological assessments of verbal retrieval, and the secondary measures are neuropsychological assessments of other cognitive abilities and electroencephalography (EEG) measures. Additionally, the study will examine the degree to which baseline assessments of cognition and concussion history predict responses to treatment over time, both on assessments administered within the intervention period and at follow-up.