View clinical trials related to Cardiovascular Morbidity.
Filter by:Majority of patients with hypertension have primary hypertension (without an underlying cause). Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension, and can be found in 5-10% of patients locally. PA is caused by excessive release of a hormone (aldosterone) from the adrenal glands, which can be unilateral (one gland) or bilateral (both glands). It has been shown that excess aldosterone has other harmful effects in addition to hypertension, such as directly affecting the heart, blood vessels, kidneys, leading to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This is supported by studies showing reversal of these effects after treatment for PA. The investigators aim to assess the long-term cardiovascular, and renal outcomes of patients with PA, compared to patients with essential hypertension.
The availability of several high-cost strategies for the prevention of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with established cardiovascular disease highlights the necessity of reliable risk stratification of these patients. Several such prognostic models are available for patients with coronary artery disease; however, for patients with ischemic stroke, the available risk stratification schemes are very few and have several limitations. This study aims to develop a prognostication tool to stratify the risk of cardiovascular outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke. The development of a well-designed prognostication tool for the stratification of cardiovascular risk in patients with ischemic stroke may assist to the identification of the highest-risk patients and hence, provide useful information to clinicians and authoritative bodies when prioritizing high-cost strategies for secondary stroke prevention.
Obesity and diabetes are linked to increased risk for health problems such as heart attack, stroke, and death. At the cellular level, obesity and diabetes increase levels of harmful inflammatory cells (M1 macrophages) and decreases levels of protective stem cells (circulating progenitor cells) in the blood. Bariatric (weight loss) surgery is an effective treatment that leads to significant weight loss and improved health in patients with obesity. However, it is unknown if weight loss surgery also replenishes healthy stem cells and decreases inflammatory cells in the body. Therefore, the purpose of this research study is to compare levels of these stem and inflammatory cells before and after bariatric surgery, and to compare to a control group of healthy normal weight participants. The investigators anticipate that inflammatory cell levels will be reduced and stem cell levels and function will be restored after bariatric surgery, similar to levels of healthy normal weight individuals.
This observational study will follow participants who completed follow-up in the FOURIER OUTCOMES trial to evaluate the long-term effects of evolocumab treatment. Long-term post-trial (legacy) beneficial effects have been reported with statins, niacin, hypoglycemic therapy and fibrates. Whether similar effects are seen after LDL cholesterol (LDL-c) lowering by PCSK9 inhibition is currently unknown. Evolocumab therapy causes a profound reduction in LDL cholesterol of approximately 60%. Statins have shown legacy effects over 5 years post-trial, including a 7% reduction in total mortality in meta-analysis and 12% reduction in coronary mortality. It would therefore be hypothesized that additional effects beyond the trial period would be conferred by previous evolocumab treatment. It is also important to assess the long-term safety of prior evolocumab treatment.
Heart disease in an aging population has resulted in heart surgery being offered to older and more frail patients. Frail patients which make up more than 50% of patients currently undergoing heart surgery are vulnerable to having long-recovery times after surgery, greater loss of independence (i.e. being admitted to a nursing home), experience more depression and anxiety, and have a worse quality of life. In fact, nearly 10% of frail, older adult patients die within 30 days after their heart surgery. The Investigators previous study found that weight-loss and poor muscle strength (i.e. weakness) of frail patients can lead to a worse recovery after heart surgery. Furthermore, inadequate nutrition (aka. malnutrition which is defined as an unintentional, nutritional intake imbalance (not necessarily a decreased intake) before an operation can lead to a vicious cycle of muscle loss causing more frailty, a desire to eat less leading to more muscle loss and increased frailty. At present there is no process to address this important issue in older adults undergoing heart surgery. The Investigators propose to study a practical, real-world, treatment plan that focuses on good nutrition to prevent muscle loss and reduced frailty in vulnerable heart surgery patients.
Prospective multicenter follow-up study of 10 years. Cohort established between 2005-2007 with stratified random sample of general population older than 20 years (Census 2001), N= 2746 subjects.
Elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is often associated with myocardial necrosis evidenced by peri-procedural troponin release. This is a surrogate for subsequent cardiovascular events. There is no study on the effect of peri-PCI oxygenation in in myocardial protection and cardiopulmonary fitness outcome. Patients with higher baseline cardiopulmonary fitness will have lower mortality. This study is to assess the utility of oxygen to reduce ischaemia in patients with significant stable coronary artery disease scheduled for elective PCI. The secondary objective is to evaluate further effect of peri- PCI oxygenation on cardiovascular fitness and autonomic response.
Cisplatin, anthracyclines, bleomycin and trastuzumab can cause severe cardiovascular or pulmonary toxicity. Why some patients are susceptible to extreme toxicity of cancer treatment is largely unknown. Unraveling extreme cardiovascular toxic responses in cancer patients may help understand the pathophysiology of cardiovascular toxicity of these agents and help in understanding the more subtle, long-term cardiovascular side effects that affect a larger part of cancer survivors. With induced pluripotent stem cells we will obtain patient-derived cells to recapitulate and mimic and study pathological (cardiovascular) responses and (cardiovascular) toxicity in vitro.
Justification and Objectives: The hemodynamic response to stimuli of the airways is a common phenomenon and its control is important to decrease systemic repercussions. The objective of this study is to compare the effects of intravenous administration of Magnesium Sulphate versus Lidocaine in the hemodynamics of this reflex after laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Methods: This double blind, randomized, single center, and prospective study evaluated 56 patients, ASA 1 or 2, aged between 18 and 65 years, scheduled for elective surgeries under general anesthesia with tracheal intubation. Patients were divided into two groups. Group M received 30mg/kg of Magnesium Sulphate, and group L 2 mg/kg of Lidocaine through continuous infusion, immediately before induction of anesthesia. The values for blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and bispectral index (BIS) were measured in both groups at six distinct moments related to the administration of the drugs under study.
The primary hypothesis of the study is that in healthy elderly subjects experimental exposure to air pollutants increases sympathetic nervous system activity compared with sham (clean air) exposure. The secondary hypothesis of the study is that combined experimental exposure to air pollutants (particles + ozone) increases sympathetic nervous system activity to a greater extent than does the exposure to particles alone.