View clinical trials related to Brain Diseases.
Filter by:The goal of this observational study is to develop a passive digital marker (PDM) for delirium severity and examine its performance in comparison to validated delirium severity tools in ICU patients >50 years of age. The main questions it aims to answer are: - Is the trained convolutional neural network able to reliably measure delirium severity. - Is the Passive Digital Marker able to accurately measure delirium severity - Is the Passive Digital Marker acceptable and usable by frontline ICU nurse clinicians, patients, and their identified proxies (i.e., caregivers). Participants will: - Study participation involves a video camera recording you 24 hours per day while you are a patient in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). - Study staff will visit you 4 times each day you are in the ICU. You will be asked questions each time they visit to train the digital marker and see differences between assessments and camera data.
Poor sleep quality can significantly jeopardize the brain health, cognitive functions, daily activities, quality of life, and even be implicated as a key potential contributing factor in the development of accelerated cognitive decline and prodromal dementia. Consequently, research efforts to understand, and therefore potentially model, the effects of sleep quality on cognition and brain health are of great pragmatic values.
Previous clinical studies revealed that the newly developed biophoton therapy has been safe and effective in treating patients with Alzheimer's disease, dementia, stroke, traumatic brain injury, or Parkinson's disease. The current study is to confirm the previous clinical observation by conducting as a randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled prospective intervention clinical research. About 80 patients with brain disorder (Alzheimer's disease, dementia, stroke, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease) will participate in the intervention clinical study at the Tesla MedBed Center located in Butler, PA.
The investigators recently identified Brain-derived tau (BD-tau) as a sensitive blood-based biomarker for brain injury in acute ischemic stroke: in patients with acute ischemic stroke, plasma BD-tau was associated with imaging-based metrics of brain injury upon admission, increased within the first 24 hours in correlation with infarct progression, and at 24 hours was superior to final infarct volume in predicting 90-day functional outcome. While informing on the relation of BD-tau with imaging-based metrics of brain injury, this cross-sectional study was restricted to BD-tau assessments upon admission and at day 2 and could not inform on key characteristics of the evolution of plasma BD-tau, including when exactly it starts to rise, how long it continues to rise, and how it is determined by infarct characteristics as well as comorbidities. Here, the investigators aim to assess plasma BD-tau every hour from admission to 48 hours after onset to evaluate the hypothesis that BD-tau rises immediately after onset and plateaus between three and 48 hours after onset.
Background: Pyrimidine and purine metabolism disorders (DPPMs) affect how the body metabolizes chemicals called pyrimidines and purines. DPPMs can cause dysfunctions throughout the body, especially in the brain, blood, kidneys, and immune system. People with DPPMs might have no symptoms, mild symptoms, or they may have severe, chronic symptoms, that can be fatal. DPPMs are not well understood, and researchers want to learn more about what causes them and how to treat them. Objective: To learn more about factors that affect DPPMs by comparing test results from affected, uaffected family members, and healthy people. Eligibility: Three types of participants are needed: people aged 1 month and older with DPPMs; their family members who do not have DPPMs; and healthy volunteers. Design: Participants with DPPMs will come to the clinic once a year; some may be asked to come more often. At each visit, all affected participants will have a physical exam and give samples of blood, urine, saliva, and stool. Depending on their symptoms, they may also have other procedures, such as: Swabs of their skin and inside the mouth. Tests of their heart, kidney, brain, and nerve function. Questionnaires about what they eat. Dental exams, and exams of their hearing and vision. Tests of their learning ability. Monitoring of their physical activity. Imaging scans. Photographs of their face and body. These tests may be spread over up to 7 days. Affected participants may remain in the study indefinitely if they wish to. Healthy volunteers and family members will have 1 study visit. They will have a physical exam and may be asked to give blood, urine, saliva, and stool samples.
The objective of the study is to compare the incidence of Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (all stages) among singleton term neonates (≥ 37 weeks) requiring resuscitation who will undergo Umbilical cord milking as compared to Immediate cord clamping.
The study tests the effect of the ATNC MDD-V1 on Alzheimer patients' cognitive function. The ATNC MDD-V1 uses non-invasive stimulation of both magnetic and cognitive training.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) accounts for approximately 2.5 million visits to emergency departments in the United States each year. After decades of research, management strategies for severe TBI (sTBI) patients are still evolving. Optimizing intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) are paramount in the management of these patients and placement of these monitors is the current standard-of-care. However, monitoring brain oxygenation (PbtO2) with invasive intraparenchymal monitors is currently under investigation in the management of severe TBI and placement of these monitors is gaining widespread use. This has opened the door for the use of tiered therapy to optimize ICP and PbtO2 simultaneously. Current evidence indicates that correction of ICP, CPP and PbtO2 in sTBI requires optimized analgesia and sedation. Ketamine is one of the few drugs available that has both sedative and analgesic properties and does not commonly compromise respiratory drive like opioids and sedative-hypnotics. However, traditionally, ketamine has been viewed as contraindicated in the setting of TBI due to concerns for elevation in ICP. Yet, new data has cast this long-held assumption into significant doubt. Hence the present pilot study will characterize the neurophysiological response to a single dose of ketamine in critically-ill TBI patient with ICP and PbtO2 monitoring.
Hypothesis: Improvement in cognitive dysfunction with IV albumin in patients with cirrhosis with prior HE and MHE lasts for several weeks after albumin infusion has ended, and is due to persistent improvement in inflammatory markers, endothelial dysfunction, albumin function and gut microbial changes. This will be a single-arm, single-blind sequential trial of IV 25% albumin and IV saline over 8 weeks with biological sampling and cognitive and health related quality of life (HRQOL) testing with each subject acting as their own control.
Through this plan, it will provide many benefits to patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with sarcopenia and/or hepatic encephalopathy, their family members, and the government in Taiwan: 1. To explore the changes of fecal microbiota before and after treatment such as resistance training rehabilitation in patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with sarcopenia and/or hepatic encephalopathy as a reference for future fecal microbiota transplantation; 2. To measure the changes of sarcopenia level before and after rehabilitation; 3. To measure the changes of hepatic encephalopathy level before and after rehabilitation. These study results will certainly bring updated diagnostic tool, latest treatment options, avoid serious sequelae and reduce medical expenditure.