Anxiety Clinical Trial
Official title:
Implementation of Forgiveness Education to Increase Psychological Well-being in Three Culturally Distinct Areas: Northern Ireland, Israel/Palestine, and Taiwan
Verified date | August 2022 |
Source | University of Wisconsin, Madison |
Contact | n/a |
Is FDA regulated | No |
Health authority | |
Study type | Interventional |
This project examines the development of psychological well-being in children and teachers through a 12- week forgiveness education program conducted in three conflict zones of the world, Northern Ireland, Israel/Palestine, and Taiwan. A 12-week forgiveness education program will be investigated in elementary schools in three conflict zones of the world, Northern Ireland, Israel/Palestine, and Taiwan. The responsibilities of the sub-team in each of the three research sites will be: - a. recruiting schools, assisting the teacher training before the forgiveness education program starts - b. shepherding teachers, doing the fidelity checks, administering the instruments and collecting data during the forgiveness education program. Once a school gives permission to be part of this study, the forgiveness curriculum will be implemented as a 12-week standard curriculum for the grade 5 (US equivalency) students. Teachers of the grade 5 classes will be trained to administer the program. Teachers, students and their parents must give the consent to take part in the measures of the study.
Status | Completed |
Enrollment | 1300 |
Est. completion date | July 31, 2022 |
Est. primary completion date | July 31, 2022 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | Accepts Healthy Volunteers |
Gender | All |
Age group | 10 Years to 65 Years |
Eligibility | Inclusion Criteria: - Students in 5th grade (US equivalency, aged 10-12) - Teachers in 5th grade (US equivalency) Exclusion Criteria: - Students who are in grades other than 5th grade - Teachers who are in grades other than 5th grade |
Country | Name | City | State |
---|---|---|---|
United States | University of Wisconsin-Madison | Madison | Wisconsin |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
---|---|
University of Wisconsin, Madison | Hebrew University of Jerusalem, National Chung Cheng University, Taiwan, Stranmillis University College, Northern Ireland |
United States,
Akhtar S, Barlow J. Forgiveness Therapy for the Promotion of Mental Well-Being: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Trauma Violence Abuse. 2018 Jan;19(1):107-122. doi: 10.1177/1524838016637079. Epub 2016 Mar 23. — View Citation
Baxter SD, Smith AF, Litaker MS, Baglio ML, Guinn CH, Shaffer NM. Children's Social Desirability and Dietary Reports. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2004 Mar-Apr;36(2):84-9. — View Citation
Cattell RB. The Scree Test For The Number Of Factors. Multivariate Behav Res. 1966 Apr 1;1(2):245-76. doi: 10.1207/s15327906mbr0102_10. — View Citation
CRANDALL VC, CRANDALL VJ, KATKOVSKY W. A CHILDREN'S SOCIAL DESIRABILITY QUESTIONNAIRE. J Consult Psychol. 1965 Feb;29:27-36. — View Citation
CROWNE DP, MARLOWE D. A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology. J Consult Psychol. 1960 Aug;24:349-54. — View Citation
Enright RD, Santos MJ, Al-Mabuk R. The adolescent as forgiver. J Adolesc. 1989 Mar;12(1):95-110. — View Citation
Freedman SR, Enright RD. Forgiveness as an intervention goal with incest survivors. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1996 Oct;64(5):983-92. — View Citation
Herth K. Abbreviated instrument to measure hope: development and psychometric evaluation. J Adv Nurs. 1992 Oct;17(10):1251-9. — View Citation
HORN JL. A RATIONALE AND TEST FOR THE NUMBER OF FACTORS IN FACTOR ANALYSIS. Psychometrika. 1965 Jun;30:179-85. — View Citation
Reed GL, Enright RD. The effects of forgiveness therapy on depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress for women after spousal emotional abuse. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2006 Oct;74(5):920-9. — View Citation
Snyder CR, Hoza B, Pelham WE, Rapoff M, Ware L, Danovsky M, Highberger L, Rubinstein H, Stahl KJ. The development and validation of the Children's Hope Scale. J Pediatr Psychol. 1997 Jun;22(3):399-421. — View Citation
Wade NG, Hoyt WT, Kidwell JE, Worthington EL. Efficacy of psychotherapeutic interventions to promote forgiveness: a meta-analysis. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2014 Feb;82(1):154-70. doi: 10.1037/a0035268. Epub 2013 Dec 23. — View Citation
* Note: There are 12 references in all — Click here to view all references
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | Change in forgiveness in adult (teachers) after forgiveness intervention assessed by EFI-30. | Enright Forgiveness Inventory Short Form (EFI-30), scores range from 30 to 180 with higher scores representing higher levels of forgiveness, which is a better outcome. | Baseline, up to 14 weeks, up to 31 weeks, up to 34 weeks. | |
Primary | Change in forgiveness in child (students) after forgiveness intervention assessed by EFI-C. | Enright Forgiveness Inventory for Children (EFI-C): scores range from 30 to 120 with higher scores representing higher levels of forgiveness, which is a better outcome. | Baseline, up to 14 weeks, up to 31 weeks, up to 34 weeks. | |
Primary | Change in anger in adult (teachers) after forgiveness intervention assessed by PROMIS Measures. | The Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Anger Short Form: scores range from 5 to 25 with higher scores representing higher levels of anger, which is a worse outcome. | Baseline, up to 14 weeks, up to 31 weeks, up to 34 weeks. | |
Primary | Change in anger in child (students) after forgiveness intervention assessed by PROMIS Measures. | The Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Measures for Pediatric (ages 8-17) Anger Short Form: scores range from 5 to 25 with higher scores representing higher levels of anger, which is a worse outcome. | Baseline, up to 14 weeks, up to 31 weeks, up to 34 weeks. | |
Primary | Change in anxiety in adult (teachers) after forgiveness intervention assessed by PROMIS Measures. | The Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Anxiety Short Form: scores range from 5 to 40 with higher scores representing higher levels of anxiety, which is a worse outcome. | Baseline, up to 14 weeks, up to 31 weeks, up to 34 weeks. | |
Primary | Change in anxiety in child (students) after forgiveness intervention assessed by PROMIS Measures. | The Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Measures for Pediatric (ages 8-17) Anxiety Short Form: scores range from 5 to 40 with higher scores representing higher levels of anxiety, which is a worse outcome. | Baseline, up to 14 weeks, up to 31 weeks, up to 34 weeks. | |
Primary | Change in depression in adult (teachers) after forgiveness intervention assessed by PROMIS Measures. | The Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Depression Short Form, scores range from 5 to 40 with higher scores representing higher levels of depression, which is a worse outcome. | Baseline, up to 14 weeks, up to 31 weeks, up to 34 weeks. | |
Primary | Change in depression in child (students) after forgiveness intervention assessed by PROMIS Measures. | The Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Measures for Pediatric (ages 8-17) Depressive Symptoms Short Form: scores range from 5 to 40 with higher scores representing higher levels of depression, which is a worse outcome. | Baseline, up to 14 weeks, up to 31 weeks, up to 34 weeks. | |
Primary | Change in prejudice in adult (teachers) after forgiveness intervention assessed by the Ethnic Prejudice Scales. | The Ethnic Prejudice Scale: scores range from 20 to 100 with higher scores representing higher levels of prejudice, which is a worse outcome. | Baseline, up to 14 weeks, up to 31 weeks, up to 34 weeks. | |
Primary | Change in prejudice in child (students) after forgiveness intervention assessed by the Ethnic Prejudice Scales. | Ethnic Prejudice Scales: wording changes in the adult form of the Ethnic Prejudice Scale will be made to bring it to the level of 5th grade students (aged 10-12). Scores range from 20 to 100 with higher scores representing higher levels of prejudice, which is a worse outcome. | Baseline, up to 14 weeks, up to 31 weeks, up to 34 weeks. | |
Primary | Change in hope in adult (teachers) after forgiveness intervention assessed by Herth Hope Index. | Herth Hope Index: scores range from 12 to 48 with higher scores representing more hopefulness, which is a better outcome. | Baseline, up to 14 weeks, up to 31 weeks, up to 34 weeks. | |
Primary | Change in hope in child (students) after forgiveness intervention assessed by Children's Hope Scale. | The Children's Hope Scale: scores range from 6 to 36with higher scores representing more hopefulness, which is a better outcome. | Baseline, up to 14 weeks, up to 31 weeks, up to 34 weeks. | |
Primary | Change in self-esteem in adult (teachers) after forgiveness intervention assessed by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. | The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: scores range from 10 to 40 with higher scores representing higher self-esteem, which is a better outcome. | Baseline, up to 14 weeks, up to 31 weeks, up to 34 weeks. | |
Primary | Change in self-esteem in child (students) after forgiveness intervention assessed by the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory. | Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory Short Form: scores range from 0 to 25 with higher scores representing higher self-esteem, which is a better outcome. | Baseline, up to 14 weeks, up to 31 weeks, up to 34 weeks. | |
Primary | Change in classroom cooperation in students after forgiveness intervention assessed by the Classroom Cooperation Scale. | The Classroom Cooperation Scale is teachers' measure of student cooperation, scores range from 10 to 40 with higher scores representing higher level of cooperation, which is a better outcome. | Baseline, up to 14 weeks, up to 31 weeks, up to 34 weeks. |
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