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AIDS Dementia Complex clinical trials

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NCT ID: NCT01547754 Terminated - Clinical trials for HIV-Associated Cognitive Motor Complex

Mild Neurocognitive Disorder in HIV Infection of the Brain

Start date: January 9, 2012
Phase:
Study type: Observational

Background: - Some people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) develop problems with thinking and concentration when the virus affects the brain. This is known as mild neurocognitive disorder (MND). Research has shown that some HIV medications do not get through the blood brain barrier very well. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a brain protein that is part of the blood brain barrier. Differences in the activity of P-gp may help explain why some people with HIV develop MND. It is also possible that MND is partly due to inflammation in the brain. Researchers want to study P-gp and its effect on MND and HIV infection. Objectives: - To study P-gp and brain inflammation related to HIV infection. Eligibility: - Individuals between 18 and 60 years of age who have HIV and either do or do not have MND. - Healthy volunteers between 18 and 60 years of age. Design: - Participants will be screened with a medical history and physical exam. Blood and urine samples will be collected. - Participants will have one outpatient visit and one 3-day inpatient stay. - At the outpatient visit, participants will provide blood samples and have a lumbar puncture (spinal tap). The spinal tap will collect cerebrospinal fluid for study. - At the inpatient visit, participants will have two positron emission tomography (PET) scans of the brain. These scans will study brain activity and possible inflammation. One scan will involve a study drug called tariquidar, which blocks the activity of P-gp. A second lumbar puncture will be done before the first PET scan. Blood and urine samples will be collected daily.

NCT ID: NCT01434563 Completed - Clinical trials for HIV-1-Associated Cognitive Motor Complex

The Prevalence of Neurocognitive Disorder in a Primary Care-based HIV Cohort Compared to a HIV-negative Control Cohort -

CNS HAND
Start date: October 2011
Phase: N/A
Study type: Observational

To determine the prevalence of HIV associated Neurological Disorder (HAND) in a population of HIV positive patients within a primary care setting compared with the HIV negative population. The investigators aim is to assess the use of optimal screening methods to assess HAND. For this the investigators will be comparing the performance of a group of persons who are HIV positive and a group of persons who are HIV negative to test their memory and concentration abilities over-time.

NCT ID: NCT01263938 Completed - HIV Dementia Clinical Trials

Modulation of Monocyte Activation by Atorvastatin in HIV Infection

Start date: September 2011
Phase: Phase 4
Study type: Interventional

Activated monocytes play a key role in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Individuals with HAND have expanded populations of activated monocytes. These monocytes are thought to emigrate into the CNS, where they produce neurotoxic proinflammatory factors, and also carry virus into the CNS. Statins are cholesterol lowering drugs with pleiotropic immunomodulatory / anti-inflammatory properties that are currently being explored for immunomodulation of T cell activation in several diseases, in addition to their established role to treat hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. The investigators in vitro data suggests that these drugs can downregulate monocyte activation patterns seen in HIV infection. No in vivo studies have yet been carried out to assess the effects of statins on the pro-inflammatory monocyte population in chronic HIV disease. This will be a pilot study of whether statin treatment will reduce the inflammatory monocyte phenotype and downregulate the inflammatory cytokines that have been linked to neuropathogenesis in HIV infection. If so, they may have potential as adjunctive therapy in HIV-associated neurological disease. The investigators propose to: - Determine the effect of Atorvastatin on peripheral blood monocyte populations in a 12-week pilot study in chronically HIV-infected people on HAART therapy. - Determine the relationship between changes in monocyte phenotype following Atorvastatin treatment, and soluble markers of activation/inflammation linked to neuropathogenesis, as well as activation status of T cells.

NCT ID: NCT00459693 Terminated - Healthy Clinical Trials

PET Evaluation of Brain Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptors Using [11C]PBR28 in HIV-Seropositive Patients With (MCMD)

Start date: April 9, 2007
Phase: N/A
Study type: Interventional

The purpose of this protocol is to measure a receptor in the brain using positron emission tomography (PET) that is involved in inflammation.

NCT ID: NCT00002246 Completed - HIV Infections Clinical Trials

A Study to Evaluate the Use of Stavudine (d4T) to Treat AIDS Dementia Complex

Start date: October 1997
Phase: Phase 3
Study type: Interventional

The purpose of this study is to see if adding stavudine (d4T) to anti-HIV drug regimens (with or without zidovudine, ZDV) can improve symptoms of AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC, problems involving the brain or spinal cord) in HIV-positive patients.

NCT ID: NCT00002209 Completed - HIV Infections Clinical Trials

Safety and Effectiveness of CPI-1189 in HIV-Infected Males on Combination Anti-HIV Drug Therapy

Start date: n/a
Phase: Phase 1
Study type: Interventional

The purpose of this study is to see if it is safe to give multiple doses of CPI-1189 to HIV-infected, otherwise healthy, males. The study will also look at how CPI-1189 affects the levels of HIV, T cells (cells in the body that help fight infection), and three anti-HIV drugs (zidovudine, lamivudine, and indinavir) in the blood. Advanced HIV infection can cause AIDS dementia (brain damage due to HIV leading to losses of memory and muscle control). CPI-1189 may be able to postpone AIDS dementia or slow it down.

NCT ID: NCT00002163 Completed - HIV Infections Clinical Trials

A Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicentre Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of 1592U89 in Patients With AIDS Dementia Complex

Start date: n/a
Phase: Phase 3
Study type: Interventional

To evaluate the benefit of adding 1592U89 to current antiretroviral therapies for AIDS dementia complex and to assess the safety and tolerance of the treatment regimens.

NCT ID: NCT00002044 Completed - HIV Infections Clinical Trials

A Pilot Study To Evaluate the Effect of Retrovir (Zidovudine: AZT) in the Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Associated Dementia and Neuromuscular Diseases

Start date: n/a
Phase: N/A
Study type: Interventional

The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate the efficacy of Retrovir (AZT) in the treatment of AIDS-related dementia and various neuromuscular complications. HIV is both a lymphotropic and neurotropic virus which can affect both the central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS, PNS). There is evidence that the CNS and PNS may harbor the virus in a latent state, with the potential for continuous reinfection of other body systems. Therefore, effective therapeutic efforts against HIV infection should provide effective antiviral activity within the nervous system.

NCT ID: NCT00000867 Completed - HIV Infections Clinical Trials

A Study to Evaluate the Use of Memantine In Combination With Anti-HIV Drugs to Treat AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC)

Start date: December 1996
Phase: Phase 2
Study type: Interventional

The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and effectiveness of memantine, an experimental drug, in improving AIDS dementia complex (ADC). The symptoms of ADC can be improved with zidovudine (ZDV). However, ZDV therapy has been associated with significant toxicities, and the effectiveness of ZDV seems to decrease during the second and third years of therapy. The effectiveness of other antiretroviral drugs as treatment for ADC is not known, so it is important to explore alternative therapies.

NCT ID: NCT00000738 Completed - HIV Infections Clinical Trials

Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Nimodipine for the Neurological Manifestations of HIV-1

Start date: n/a
Phase: Phase 1
Study type: Interventional

PRIMARY: To assess the safety of nimodipine in the treatment of HIV-Associated Motor / Cognitive Complex (formerly AIDS dementia complex). To assess the systemic or central nervous system toxicities (e.g., rash, headache, gastrointestinal symptoms, nausea, dyspnea, muscle pain or cramp, acne) of nimodipine. SECONDARY: To assess the efficacy of nimodipine in stabilizing the progression of HIV-Associated Motor / Cognitive Complex by improvement in neuropsychological test performance, peripheral neuropathy, or other neurologic manifestations. HIV-infected patients may develop a condition known as HIV-Associated Motor / Cognitive Complex (also known as AIDS dementia complex) that causes damage to the nervous system, particularly the brain and spinal cord. Evidence exists that nimodipine protects nerve cells in culture from injury by HIV. Although nimodipine has been used in patients with other neurological problems, its safety and effectiveness in halting the progression of HIV-Associated Motor / Cognitive Complex is not yet known.