View clinical trials related to AIDS Dementia Complex.
Filter by:Infection with HIV (the virus that causes AIDS) can lead to problems with brain function, such as memory, concentration, judgment, and the speed or control of hands and legs. Neurologists have called this condition HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). This research is being done to see if insulin taken through the nose as a spray (intranasal insulin) can help people with HIV who are having problems with memory and brain function, or HAND. Participants will be given either insulin or placebo. A placebo is an inactive substance that looks like the study drug, but does not contain study drug. For this research study, the placebo will be a clear, saline-based liquid spray that looks like the insulin spray but has no insulin. Participants will not be told whether they receive insulin or placebo during the study. All participants will take the intranasal spray twice a day, about 30 minutes after a meal. Participants will use a specialized intranasal drug administration device. The total daily dose of insulin is 40 IU split between 20 IU in the morning and 20 IU in the evening. Participants will take the intranasal spray for 24 weeks. The researchers will record symptoms and side effects during the study. Procedures include neurocognitive testing of memory and brain function, two optional lumbar punctures ("spinal taps"), two MRI brain scans, monthly blood draws, and clinical assessments.
The purpose of this study is to assess whether a boosting by cobicistat results in similar concentrations of darunavir in the brain compared to a boosting by ritonavir.
Background: - Some people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) develop problems with thinking and concentration when the virus affects the brain. This is known as mild neurocognitive disorder (MND). Research has shown that some HIV medications do not get through the blood brain barrier very well. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a brain protein that is part of the blood brain barrier. Differences in the activity of P-gp may help explain why some people with HIV develop MND. It is also possible that MND is partly due to inflammation in the brain. Researchers want to study P-gp and its effect on MND and HIV infection. Objectives: - To study P-gp and brain inflammation related to HIV infection. Eligibility: - Individuals between 18 and 60 years of age who have HIV and either do or do not have MND. - Healthy volunteers between 18 and 60 years of age. Design: - Participants will be screened with a medical history and physical exam. Blood and urine samples will be collected. - Participants will have one outpatient visit and one 3-day inpatient stay. - At the outpatient visit, participants will provide blood samples and have a lumbar puncture (spinal tap). The spinal tap will collect cerebrospinal fluid for study. - At the inpatient visit, participants will have two positron emission tomography (PET) scans of the brain. These scans will study brain activity and possible inflammation. One scan will involve a study drug called tariquidar, which blocks the activity of P-gp. A second lumbar puncture will be done before the first PET scan. Blood and urine samples will be collected daily.
The purpose of this protocol is to measure a receptor in the brain using positron emission tomography (PET) that is involved in inflammation.