View clinical trials related to Adolescents.
Filter by:This study examines the effectiveness of a school based mental health literacy intervention for high school students, on improving mental health knowledge and reducing stigma. Twenty-four high schools in the regional area of Ottawa, Canada were randomly assigned to either the curriculum or control condition at a two to one ratio. The educational curriculum was integrated within grade 11 and 12 Provincial "Healthy Living" courses, delivered by teachers, and replaced existing educational content on mental health.
Physicians and nurses working in non-mental health settings require tools to guide them in recognizing patients at risk. While screening children and adolescents is emerging as a priority of the Joint Commission, there are currently no suicide screening instruments designed specifically for assessing suicide risk in a pediatric inpatient medical population. Recently, our study team developed the Ask Suicide-Screening Questions (ASQ), a 4-item suicide risk screening instrument with excellent sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value for use in pediatric emergency departments (Protocol #08-M-N070). However, use of the ASQ in an inpatient medical setting has not been tested. The aim of this study is to determine the utility of the ASQ among pediatric medical inpatients in children s hospitals. While most inpatients will not be at imminent risk for suicide, we hypothesize that the ASQ will capture a number of patients who screen positive and are not only at risk for suicidal behavior in the future, but are also experiencing significant emotional distress and therefore warrant further psychiatric evaluation and follow-up treatment. This will be a multisite study, comprised of medically ill inpatients at three non-NIH affiliated sites (Children s National Medical Center, Boston Children s Hospital, and Nationwide Children s Hospital), with a total sample size of 600 (200 per site). We will administer several short measures of suicide risk the ASQ, the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire, a brief depression screen, the Patients Health Questionnaire Adolescent version (PHQ-A) to all eligible inpatients aged 10-21 years. The ultimate goal of this project is to provide non-mental health clinicians with a brief, accurate assessment tool for detecting risk of suicide in pediatric medical inpatients and in turn, connecting those in need with mental health services. After validating the ASQ with pediatric medical inpatients, we will then examine the practical implications of nurses administering the ASQ as standard of care during the admission process on a pediatric medical inpatient unit. Future studies will focus on validating the ASQ in non-English speaking patients, addressing a critical gap in suicide prevention research. In addition, examining the long-term clinical impact of screening general medical patients for suicide risk with the ASQ and linking those in need with mental health services and/or other interventions will be important next steps. Please note: This is a multi-site study that is being conducted at three non-NIH sites, all children s hospitals, two of which have already received IRB approval (Boston Children s Hospital and Children s National Medical Center) and one which is in the process of submission (Nationwide Children s Hospital). No NIH patients will be enrolled at the Clinical Center. Consent and patient data collection will take place on inpatient medical units at those three sites; data will be sent to NIMH, and stored and analyzed here.
Neck and shoulder pain (NSP) is fairly common among high school students in Korea. Presumably, the high prevalence of NSP in Korean adolescents is a consequence of an inappropriate static position for a prolonged period of time. We suspect that proper education and posture correction for Korean adolescents may decrease the prevalence or severity of NSP. Although several studies have focused on the etiology of NSP during adolescence, few studies have addressed the management or prevention of NSP in adolescents, despite its high prevalence in this age group. The aims of this prospective study was to identify the effects of education, in terms of recognition of this issue and posture correction, on prevalence and severity of NSP in Korean adolescents
The purpose of this study is to explore whether frontal brain activation in response to stress varies as a function of the presence or extent of early trauma and whether or not this effect is greater in women compared to men. To examine the effect of stress on thinking and remembering. To examine the separate and interactive effects of stress, addiction, withdrawal, and genetics; and to examine fMRI brain activation associated with stressful, reward-related-cue and neutral/relaxing audiotaped scripts,visual images and emotional video clips in addicted individuals and in healthy controls.
Background: - The body produces gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) about every 2 hours. GnRH travels through the bloodstream to the pituitary gland, where it stimulates the gland to produce hormones called gonadotropins. These hormones stimulate the testicles or ovaries. The testicles produce testosterone and develop sperm. The ovaries produce estrogen and prepare for ovulation. Normal estrogen and testosterone levels are required for puberty. Some people, however, have either low levels or total lack of GnRH. This can cause problems with puberty and fertility. Researchers want to study people with low or no GnRH to better understand how it affects puberty and fertility. Objectives: - To study disorders of GnRH production. Eligibility: - Adult men and women at least 18 years of age with low or no gonadotropin levels. - Adolescents between 14 and 18 years of age with low or no gonadotropin levels. Design: - Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. Blood and urine samples will be collected. - Participants will have tests to look at their hormone levels. Blood samples may be collected after taking different drugs, including insulin and cortisone. A 24-hour urine sample will be collected. - Participants will have imaging studies to look at bone and brain development. They will also have ultrasounds of the kidneys, abdomen, and reproductive organs. - Tests of smell and hearing will be used to look for abnormalities in these senses....
Background: - The risk for becoming addicted to drugs varies from person to person, even among those who use similar drugs in a similar way. Studies suggest that certain personality traits seen in people with drug addiction may be present before drug use. These traits include responding differently to rewards or impulsivity. Early use of drugs (before age 15) is also associated strongly with drug addiction later in life. Researchers want to study teenagers with and without certain behavioral problems, including those who have used drugs and those who have not. This may help them better understand behaviors that might predict future drug addiction. Objectives: - To understand brain function in teenagers who may be at a higher risk than others to drug addiction. Eligibility: - Teenagers between 13 and 17 years of age who fit into one of four groups: - Have never or rarely used drugs - Have never or rarely used drugs and have conduct or behavior disorders - Have used drugs on many occasions - Have used drugs on many occasions and have conduct or behavior disorders Design: - Participants will be screened with a medical history, and physical and neurological exams. They will also have blood and urine tests. Participants will answer questions about past drug use and any current medications. They will also have a breathalyzer and carbon monoxide breath test to check for recent drug and alcohol use. - This study requires four visits to the clinical center for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and other tests. - The first study visit will include training for the MRI scans. Participants will practice the tasks in front of a computer and in a mock (fake) MRI machine. Participants will also be asked several questions about their personality and past experiences. - Researchers will test changes to tryptophan and dopamine levels. Both of these chemicals affect decision making and brain function. On the three study visits, participants will have the following tests in a randomly selected order. One study will be done at each visit. - MRI scans with changes to dopamine and tryptophan levels - MRI scans with changes to dopamine only (with placebo) - MRI scans with changes to tryptophan only (with placebo) - Participants will be monitored with frequent blood draws and other tests during the study visits....
Background: Cannabis is the most prevalent illegal drug used in France, and consequences arising from the step of 'casual consumers'(1-10 joints/month). Side effects of cannabis are now well documented: Trauma (driving after consuming cannabis), respiratory, cardiovascular diseases and psychiatric and social problems. The general practitioner (GP) is the health professional most viewed by adolescents. Brief interventions (BI) for adult alcohol use have been shown to be efficient. Some BI have been designed to inspect adolescents and consumption of cannabis have been piloted, showing their feasibility, but no test has validated them. Aim : Does a BI conducted by general practitioners reduce consumption of canabis in 15 to 19 years old ? Method: Two preliminary qualitative studies (with adolescents and GP), were used to analyze the difficulties of communication around cannabis use. The Scientific Committee has analyzed the results and developed a workshop around BI, adapted to adolescents cannabis users. CANABIC is a quantitative study to validate use of BI with cannabis users: a randomized controlled trial, clustered study, comparing an intervention group (IG) and a control group (CG). The intervention is the achievement of the IB during a specific consultation. The outcome is the consumption of cannabic (Number of joints / month). The study will be carried out in 3 french regions : Auvergne, Rhône-Alpes and Languedoc-Roussillon. 150 GPs wil be recruited and randomized in intervention group or control group (ratio 1 :1). Each GP will inlcude 5 adolescents (i.e. a total of 750 adolescents) - . The number of adolescents needed has been calculate with hypothesis of a significant difference of 30% in consumption of cannabis between adolescents who beneficied of BI (IG) and those who do not experienced BI ( CG) A pilot study has been conducted. Cannabis use by adolescents has decreased. Their perception of cannabis has changed: they are aware of the harmful effects of their consumption. This pilot study has improve many points of the protocol. Results: A decrease of 30% of consumption is expected (joints per month). Perception of cannabis by adolescents will be reviewed. Conclusions: To validate an IB adaptated to consultation with adolscents cannabis consumer in order to provide a tool for GP in their daily practice.
1. Specific Aims 1. To evaluate the effects of life skills/parenting groups that are embedded within a comprehensive multidisciplinary clinic for adolescent parents (the Young Parents Program), using a randomized control design. Specifically, the effect of group participation on the following adolescent parent outcomes will be investigated: - Parenting attitudes and skills including empathy, non-violent discipline, role appropriateness and developmentally appropriate expectations. - Skills of daily living, social relationships, and work/study at follow-up, as measured by the Ansell-Casey Life Skills Assessment Scale. - Depression and perceived social support using the CESD-C and Duke Social Support scale. - Repeat pregnancy rates at 12 and 24 months after first delivery. 2. To evaluate the overall Young Parents Program service delivery as required by the Office of Adolescent Pregnancy Programs (project funder) using a cross cutting evaluation of health services utilization, social needs and work/educational outcomes.
Background: - Many people who have cerebral palsy (CP) have spastic diplegia, which affects the legs and causes difficulty with leg movement and walking. Research has shown that exercise can help those with CP learn to move their arms better, but more research is needed to determine whether exercise programs can improve leg movements in people with CP. - Walking on a treadmill with the help of a physical therapist has improved the treatment outcomes of some individuals with spinal cord injuries. Many children with CP already have physical therapy but still have trouble with walking and leg coordination. Two other kinds of exercise machines, a stationary bicycle and an elliptical machine, used in the home, may be able to help children with CP walk better and move their legs better. Objectives: - To see how children with cerebral palsy (CP) move their legs differently from children without CP. - To see if an exercise program can improve leg coordination in children with CP. Eligibility: - Children between 5 and 17 years of age who either have spastic diplegia CP or are healthy volunteers. Design: - Children who are able and willing will have magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans at the start and the end of the study. - During Part I of the study, participants will demonstrate their leg and muscle function with the following tests: - Measurement of leg size and movement - Combined camera motion study and electrical impulse evaluation to assess how well the participant walks (with or without an assistive device, as needed) - Leg movement tests on an exercise bicycle and elliptical machine - Tests of leg muscle strength, stiffness, and effectiveness - Ultrasound scans of leg muscle - Parents of participants will complete computer-based questionnaires about their child s motor abilities. - A smaller group of participants will continue to Part II of the study, which involves regular exercise of 20 minutes a day, 5 days a week, for 3 months, on a stationary bicycle or elliptical trainer. Half of the group will start this exercise program immediately after the first part of the study, while the other half will wait 3 months before beginning the exercise program. - During Part II, participants will return to the clinical center for two more sets of the tests and evaluations performed in Part I.
Objective: The ultimate goal of this project is to enhance the capacity of non-mental health clinicians working in an Emergency Departments (ED) to recognize and initiate further evaluation of children and adolescents at risk for suicide. Aim 1: To re-validate the Risk of Suicide Questionnaire (RSQ), a screening tool that assists non-psychiatric clinicians in rapidly detecting suicide risk in pediatric patients, in a pediatric ED mental health population in the Children s National Medical Center (CNMC) ED. Aim 2: To determine the utility of a suicide screening tool, a revised version of the Risk of Suicide Questionnaire, to detect suicide risk in pediatric patients presenting to the CNMC ED for non-mental health reasons. Study population: The study population includes all patients admitted to the CNMC Emergency Department, ages 10 to 21, during the data collection weeks of the study period. Both patients admitted for mental health and non-mental health reasons will be included in the study. Design: This will be a prospective instrument development /validation study. During a designated study week, all mental health patients and a random subset of non-mental health patients admitted to the CNMC ED will be approached after their triage assessment. Following informed consent and assent, a 17-item suicide assessment tool created for this research project (RSQ-Revised), as well as a brief background questionnaire will be administered. These questions will be validated against a gold standard suicide assessment questionnaire, which will be administered to the subjects directly after the RSQ-Revised. The study aims to develop a brief suicide screening tool to be used at triage for all patients entering the ED. Measures Measures include the proposed 17-item screening questionnaire and a gold standard assessment of suicidal ideation in adolescents, the Suicide Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ).