View clinical trials related to Wounds and Injuries.
Filter by:Seat belts protect people from injuries by diverting crash forces to stronger anatomical structures: the rib cage and the pelvis. Children between the ages of 4 and 8 years are typically not tall enough to wear the seat belt correctly across the chest and hips, and instead wear it on their abdomen and neck. When worn in this way, seat belts direct crash forces to these parts of the body, potentially causing serious damage to internal organs and the spine. For this reason, children of these ages need to use a booster seat; a safety device that prevents seat belt related injuries by raising the child and ensuring the straps are correctly worn across the thorax and hips. In Canada, half of the children who should be using booster seats are prematurely restrained using only the seat belt. The present research project seeks to develop and test a novel intervention to encourage booster seat use. Many Canadian provinces have enacted laws mandating use, and have developed and implemented evidence-based education programs. Despite these efforts, new approaches to encourage booster seat use are required. In 2010, more than 10 years after booster seats became mandatory, the rate of utilization in the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec was still low (25%). Furthermore, recent research indicates that parents' perception of the safety benefit of booster seats is the strongest predictor of use, yet no study to date has tested an education intervention that increases perceived benefit; instead, these interventions focus on teaching guidelines (i.e., minimum and maximum age, height, and weight to determine when a child should use a booster seat, and when it is safe for a child to use only the seat belt). The present approach to encouraging booster seat use is novel, because it increases perceived benefit by teaching two principles: (1) seat belts prevent injuries by redirecting crash forces to stronger parts of the body (rib cage and pelvis); and (2), without booster seats, children would wear the seat belt on their abdomen and neck, which directs crash forces to more vulnerable anatomical structures (internal organs and spine). Once parents grasp these two principles, they are expected to better appreciate the safety benefit of booster seats and, thus, be more likely to use them.
Postoperative complications associated with free gingival graft (FGG) procedures are prolonged bleeding from the donor site, postoperative pain and delayed wound healing which increases the patients' morbidity. Hence, the aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of different treatment modalities on palatal wound healing and patient's morbidity after FGG. Ninety patients requiring FGG were randomly will be assigned into six groups: group 1: Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) membrane, group 2: Essix retainer, group 3: topical ozone therapy, group 4: low-level laser therapy (LLLT), group 5: collagen fleece and group 6: untreated control group. Epithelization will be evaluated by means of bubble formation; sensitivity, edema, pain, changes in eating habits and burning sensation will be assessed by using visual analog scale (VAS) and also the presence of discomfort and bleeding will be evaluated in the postoperative first week and at 14 days, 1 and 3 months postoperatively.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common and costly complication of major surgery. AKI can lead to prolonged hospitalization and a higher likelihood of dialysis, chronic kidney disease and death. However, AKI can be reversed when recognized early, by ensuring that patients receive adequate fluids and medications that worsen kidney function or cause toxicity are avoided or appropriately prescribed. Past research suggests that AKI in surgical settings can be missed early in its onset, leading to delayed intervention and progression to more severe stages. The purpose of this project is to implement clinical decision support for early recognition and management of AKI on surgical units in Alberta hospitals, and to determine whether the initiative leads to improvements in the quality of care for AKI, length of hospital stay for patients, and costs to the healthcare system.
The aim of the present study is to assess effect of local wound infiltration in comparison with caudal block by bupivacaine 0.25% after inguinal herniotomy in pediatrics on: Wound infection and healing (primary outcome) and postoperative analgesia (secondary outcome).
The study aims to explore the association of the novel urinary bio marker NGAL with the age of PRBCs(packed red blood cells) transfusion in critically ill patients.
Vaginal delivery is commonly accompanied by trauma of the genital tract. Perineal trauma is classified into four degrees based on anatomic structures involved and severity of lacerations according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (ACOG) and the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG). Episiotomy is an intentional perineal incision performed by midwifes or obstetricians to enlarge vaginal opening during the second stage of childbirth and has become the most common surgical procedure worldwide. A routine use of episiotomy was proposed to prevent severe spontaneous lacerations, although it failed to to demonstrate a clear protective role with no benefits both for mother and baby. Therefore the guidelines changed in a selective use of episiotomy, and we have introduced it in our routine obstetrics care. Nevertheless, second-degree lacerations comprise a wide range of lesions, from a minimal involvement to a massive damage of the perineal muscles. Therefore, it was never confirmed that selective use of episiotomy reduce the perianal trauma in the range of second degree lesions. We designed a prospective observational study with the introduction of a new classification of perineal trauma recorded with the usual data retrieved in delivery ward register. The aim is to definitively investigate if selective use of episiotomy reduce the overall perineal trauma.
This study seeks to determine if postoperative phone calls by a physician affect outcomes in hand surgery.
Intravenous dexamethasone is used to increase the duration of analgesia of interscalene bloc for shoulder surgery: it extends from 11h to 23h the sensitivity block in shoulder area. However, the time of dexamethasone intravenous injection has not been studied. In all studies, dexamethasone was injected right after the achievement of loco regional anesthesia. The main objective is to demonstrate that intravenous injection of dexamethasone delayed at 90 minutes in patients who received an axillary block with mepivacaine prolongs the duration of the motor block by 40 minutes.
The goal of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for individuals who engage in nonsuicidal self-injury(NSSI) and have comorbid anxiety. With the data collected from the study, the investigators will test the following hypotheses: Acceptance and commitment therapy will lead to reductions in anxiety and self-harm behaviors in non-suicidal self-injury individuals.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a condition affecting the persons' central nervous system with a need for extensive and highly specialized initial health care provision followed by comprehensive rehabilitation efforts. Frequent and life-long medical, cognitive, emotional and behavioral changes are expected. The community-based services are largely responsible for dealing with the chronic challenges affecting people with TBI. 120 patients >16 years at the time of injury and between 18 and 72 years at inclusion, with clinical TBI diagnosis on acute admission and verified injury-related intracranial abnormalities reporting cognitive, emotional and physical problems more than 2 years after the injury will be included and randomized to a patient-centered in-home program intervention and treatment as usual. The intervention consists of an individualized and goal-oriented intervention will be provided in the persons' home environment, in close collaboration with family members and local health care providers when available. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, at the end of the intervention 4 months after inclusion and one year after inclusion. Primary outcome is participation (Part-O) and TBI specific health related quality of life (Qolibri). Secondary outcomes include goal attainment within individualized targeted outcome areas, depression and anxiety, symptom burden, unmet health care needs and acceptability of intervention as assessed by patient, family member and health professional. The project will contribute to increased understanding of knowledge transfer processes, and dissemination of evidence based practice for TBI. Thus, the project has the potential to improve the current health care for patients with TBI and its delivery.