View clinical trials related to Type 2 Diabetes.
Filter by:This study examined the effect of a high protein or high carbohydrate breakfast on the glucose and insulin response following the breakfast meal, as well as the subsequent response following the lunch meal.
With many medications we prescribe them relative to time of day or a meal. This study established if pre dinner vs post dinner exercise was more effective at altering post dinner glucose and triglyceride levels vs no exercise at all.
The major source of mortality and morbidity of diabetic patients is cardiovascular disease (CVD). Moreover, in CVD patients the presence of diabetes is associated with the increased risk of major adverse cardiac events as compared to patients without diabetes. The pathophysiology of macrovascular complications in T2D is not fully understood and involves: 1/ induction of oxidative stress, 2/ the formation of advanced glycation end products, 3/ activation of blood coagulation and platelet aggregation, 4/ increased inflammation, 5/ altered secretion of adipokines in obese subjects and 6/ endothelial dysfunction. All those mechanisms in T2D patients could potentially be a subject of new therapeutic interventions. A therapy that continues to show promise in T2D patients with CVD is supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Clinical studies have indicated that omega-3 PUFA decrease the risk of major cardiovascular events, although the mechanism of action is not completely understood. Moreover, there were no trials exploring the mechanisms and outcomes of omega-3 treatment in T2D patients with CVD. Despite that fact, Polish Diabetes Association guidelines recommend the use of omega-3 PUFA in patients with diabetes in the prevention of macrovascular complications. Moreover, it is unclear whether the benefits of modifying the pathophysiological processes during supplementation with omega-3 PUFA occur only in patients with their deficiency or in all patients with type 2 diabetes. Potential benefits of omega-3 PUFA in such patients are: 1/ decreased oxidative stress, 2/ decreased platelet aggregation and reduction of hypercoagulable state, 3/ anti-inflammatory effects, 4/ improvement in endothelial function. All those effects were explored previously with inconsistent findings. There is very limited information from clinical studies on the mechanisms and benefits of omega-3 PUFA in T2D patients with CVD. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the effects of omega-3 PUFA administered on top of optimal therapy of atherosclerotic vascular disease and T2D on endothelial function, platelet aggregation and thrombotic, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers.
This research aims to help older African Americans with diabetes and mild memory problems improve how they take their medications and control their diabetes. This may preserve their independence and health, prevent cognitive and functional decline, and reduce health care costs. As the population ages and becomes more racially diverse, finding ways to achieve these outcomes has great public health importance.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chiglitazar, compare with Sitagliptin.
Adipose tissues, which include white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), play an essential role in regulating whole-body energy homeostasis. Recent studies also reveal the presence of a subset of cells in WAT that could be induced by environmental or hormonal factors to become ''brown-like'' cells, and this ''beigeing'' process has been suggested to have strong antiobesity and antidiabetic benefits. More recently, same studies showed that cold stress stimulate the browning of subcutaneous white adipose. However, to the investigators knowledge, there are no direct data that clearly show that cold stress can promote the browning of subcutaneous white adipose.
Prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing worldwide. Lifestyle remains the cornerstone treatment for patients with T2D who are often overweight and sedentary. Physical activity improves glucose metabolism of patients with T2D : increased glucose utilization during acute muscle activity and improved insulin sensitivity after regular training. The molecular mechanism underlying the effects of exercise on glucose metabolism involves the glucose transporter GLUT-4 which is regulated by physical activity. Several studies and meta-analysis have showed that physical activity reduces HbA1c by 0.6% on average. In addition, other data suggest a decrease in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality through physical activity. Recent recommendations for T2D management call for the practice of a structured type of endurance 150 minutes per week and muscle building 2 times per week. However, implementation of these recommendations is low, even when integrated into a therapeutic education program. Adherence is often transient and / or partial. In addition, many T2D subjects are unable to initiate a physical activity because of disabling complications or comorbidities or because of a major cardiorespiratory deconditioning. Neuro-myo electrical stimulation (NMES) is a physical treatment routinely used in functional rehabilitation to improve muscle strength and volume. The metabolic effect of NMES has been little studied. A pilot study conducted by our team on a population of 18 subjects with T2D showed that a week of daily NMES sessions significantly improved insulin sensitivity of about 25% and up to 50 % for good responders. This result contrasted with the low induced energy expenditure by each 20-minute session of bi-quadricipital NMES, suggesting the possibility of a humoral or neural mechanism associated with NMES. To complete this work, we plan a randomized cross-over trial with 3 periods (6 weeks without NMES (control), 6 weeks with 3 sessions of NMES per week and 6 weeks with 5 sessions of NMES per week) to assess the glucose profile of sedentary T2D subjects during these different periods. We hypothesize that the bi-quadricipital NMES could improve glycemic control in T2D subjects and thus represent an alternative to traditional physical activity.
The purpose of this study is to test the hypotheses that CHWs providing in-home support for self-management of type 2 diabetes, resources for diabetes, and assistance in effective linkage and communication with medical providers will: (1) improve HbA1c (primary outcome) and secondary outcomes including lipids, blood pressure, health care utilization, and health-related quality of life; (2) improve diabetes self-management, including self-efficacy, physical activity, nutrition, and medication adherence; and (3) be cost-effective and feasible.
This study aims to determine if different diabetes treatments have different effects on inflammation; in particular, kidney inflammation. This type of inflammation is common in people with diabetes, and can lead to kidney failure. This study will investigate the effect of different types of diabetes treatment on kidney inflammation. This will help us to decide if certain types of medicine should be preferred in people with evidence of inflammation in their kidneys, as this may help prevent major complications including kidney failure.
The purpose of this study is to learn more about how U500 regular insulin can be effectively be used to treat type 2 diabetes. Most insulin treated patients with type 2 diabetes take U100 insulin, but if they require large doses (such as >150 units a day) they may experience pain at this site of injection and the absorption of the insulin is unpredictable, thereby leading to poor glucose control. To overcome these problems, doctors sometimes switch to a more concentrated form of insulin called U500 insulin. U500 is five times as concentrated as U100 insulin and therefore delivers an equivalent dose of insulin in much lesser volume. However, how to best use U-500 insulin is not certain. The investigators are not really sure how long a given dose is effective in patients who require large doses (>150 units of U100 insulin), so are not sure of how often the drug should be administered. In this study, the investigators will determine how effective two different doses of U-500 regular insulin (100 U and 200 U) are in lowering blood sugar and how long these two doses last. This information will help doctors develop better treatment plans for patients with type 2 diabetes.