View clinical trials related to Substance-Related Disorders.
Filter by:This research is being done to evaluate the effectiveness of three different treatment strategies for helping subjects begin and adjust to methadone maintenance treatment at Addiction Treatment Services (ATS). Subjects will be randomly assigned to one of three treatment conditions: 1) Voucher-Based Stepped Care (VBSC) induction, 2) Low-threshold Stepped Care (LTSC) induction, or 3) Routine Stepped Care (RSC) induction. It is hypothesized that subjects in both the VBSC and LTSC condition will remain in treatment longer than subjects in the RSC condition. In addition, it is hypothesized that VBSC and LTSC subjects will have less drug-positive urine samples and will report less infectious disease risk behaviors than RSC subjects.
This research is being done to compare the effectiveness of standard on-site, in-person counseling with Internet web-based videoconferencing (e-therapy) in drug-dependent patients in opioid-agonist treatment programs. The study is looking to see if there are any differences in satisfaction or in treatment outcome if counseling sessions are given by e-therapy compared to standard, in-person counseling given in the clinic. The e-therapy happens in real time- it works very much like standard therapy in the clinic except that the patient is in his or her own home (or other convenient location outside the clinic) and talks to and sees the therapist through an Internet connection on the computer (the therapist will usually be at the clinic).
The purpose of the study is to evaluate methods to help people in substance abuse treatment receive better psychiatric care. Patients enrolled in the study will be offered three months of standard psychiatric treatment, which consists of weekly individual counseling and group counseling, as well as regular appointments with a psychiatrist. Patients will be randomly assigned to standard psychiatric care or standard psychiatric care plus voucher incentives. These incentives can be earned by successfully attending all scheduled psychiatric appointments each week. The investigators expect that patients in the voucher condition will attend more psychiatric sessions, which will lead to greater reductions in psychiatric distress.
Background: - Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, and researchers are interested in gaining a better understanding of the perceived beneficial effects of nicotine to help improve treatment strategies for nicotine dependence. Understanding the conditions under which nicotine improves attention and cognitive processing may provide more useful information for this research. - The ability to pay attention and filter relevant from irrelevant stimuli is central to all aspects of information-processing. Top-down and bottom-up attentional processes illustrate how the brain combines stimuli and goal-directed behaviors. Bottom-up processing is an unconscious response to sensory input; for instance, when the eyes automatically focus on a prominent image in a picture. Top-down processing is a conscious response to drive attention toward specific stimuli; for instance, when a person is asked to focus on a less immediately noticeable image in a picture. Researchers are interested in determining whether nicotine improves cognitive performance by acting on top-down or bottom-up attentional mechanisms. Objectives: - To investigate the effect of nicotine on the top-down and bottom-up mechanisms of attention in cigarette smokers. Eligibility: - Current smokers (at least 10 cigarettes per day for at least 1 year) between 18 and 55 years of age. Design: - This study will involve one training session and four experimental sessions. - During the training session, participants will receive a sample dose of the nicotine nasal spray used in the study to determine if they can tolerate the effects. - For each experimental session, participants will receive one dose of nicotine nasal spray (1 mg, 2 mg, or 3 mg) or placebo spray, followed by blood pressure and heart rate monitoring, performance of an attentional test, and questionnaires to rate participants perception of nicotine effectiveness. Participants may receive different doses at different sessions, and will not be told which dose they will receive at any given point.
The purpose of this study is to determinate the effect of a pre-treatment with centrally acting alpha2-receptor agonist clonidine on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "Ecstasy"). The investigators hypothesize that clonidine will attenuate the subjective and cardiovascular response to MDMA.
The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness in reducing drug use and its associated problems of a brief intervention for drug use delivered by a behavioral health counselor as compared to a brief intervention delivered by a computerized intervention.
This study will develop and test a brief telephone-delivered motivational enhancement intervention for substance abusing military personnel who are not currently in treatment. The hypotheses being tested are that this intervention will prompt a willingness to participate voluntarily in a self-appraisal of substance abuse behavior and consequences, self-initiated change or enrollment in a treatment or self-help program, and cessation of abuse of alcohol or other drugs.
This is a 2-year study designed to: (1) adapt and refine an existing cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) intervention to decrease suicidal thoughts and behaviors for use in Substance Use Disorder (SUD) treatment settings, and (2) conduct a pilot randomized controlled trial with 50 patients in treatment for SUDs comparing the CBT intervention to an enhanced control condition. Through this pilot randomized controlled trial, the investigators hope to not only obtain information about the feasibility of implementing these procedures in residential SUD treatment, but to also determine whether this intervention decreases the level of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, hopelessness, and frequency of substance use relative to the control condition.
Adolescent substance abuse results in significant negative outcomes and extraordinary costs for youths, their families, communities, and society. Moreover, rates of psychiatric comorbidity among substance abusing youth range from 25% up to 82%, and youths with a dual diagnosis are more than twice as costly to treat compared to those with no comorbidity. The applicant principal investigator recently completed a pilot project funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse focused on developing and piloting a psychosocial treatment specifically for youth presenting for outpatient treatment with co-occurring substance use and internalizing (i.e., mood and/or anxiety) problems. Results were promising with the experimental group exhibiting significantly less substance use and more rapid reductions in anxiety and depressive symptoms compared to the control group. The proposed research is a randomized clinical trial (RCT) to compare the experimental treatment (OutPatient Treatment for Adolescents; OPT-A) to an "active placebo" on key clinical indices from pre-treatment through 18 months. The proposed RCT (n = 160) employs the treatment manual, quality assurance protocol, and therapist training protocol developed and successfully tested in the pilot study, to evaluate the efficacy of OPT-A for youth referred to outpatient treatment of co-occurring substance use and internalizing problems. The following outcomes will be evaluated: drug use; mental health; behavioral, school, peer, and family functioning; and consumer satisfaction. The intervention addresses one of the more prevalent and most challenging, costly, and understudied presenting problems among adolescent outpatients. If successful, this research could provide a considerable contribution in the treatment field for youth with co-occurring substance use and internalizing disorders.
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of including an interactive, web-based version of the Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA), called the Therapeutic Education System (TES), as part of community-based, outpatient substance abuse treatment.