Clinical Trials Logo

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

NCT number NCT03390491
Other study ID # #7643
Secondary ID 2R44MH105013-02
Status Completed
Phase N/A
First received
Last updated
Start date November 1, 2018
Est. completion date July 31, 2021

Study information

Verified date November 2021
Source Center for Social Innovation, Massachusetts
Contact n/a
Is FDA regulated No
Health authority
Study type Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The research team will develop and test a prototype version of OnTrack>An Online Role-Playing Game (OnTrack>The Game or OTG), an online role-playing game designed for youth and young adults experiencing First Episode Psychosis (FEP). Phase I showed positive changes in quantitative measures of hope and recovery, as well as an enthusiastic response to the prototype as evidenced by qualitative interviews. In Phase II, the research team will refine, expand and finalize OTG and evaluate the effectiveness of OTG.


Description:

The proposed mixed-methods Phase II study will use standardized measures and semi-structured qualitative interviews to achieve the following aims: 1. Product aim: To refine, expand, and finalize OnTrack>The Game. Building on the Phase I prototype, the investigators will improve functionality, expand the play spaces and levels, add interaction with non-player characters, include more resources on FEP, and expand the library of videos on hope and recovery. 2. Primary research aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of a role-playing game (OTG) in increasing empowerment, decreasing stigma concerns, and improving treatment engagement. Hypothesis 1: Compared to control condition (Recovery Videos, or RV), participants in OTG will report significantly increased empowerment at 2 months post-intervention compared to baseline. Hypothesis 2: Compared to the control condition (RV), participants randomized to the OTG condition will report significantly increased empowerment, decreased stigma concerns, and greater treatment engagement at the 5-month follow-up compared to baseline. 3. Secondary research aim: To determine if changes in empowerment and stigma concerns mediate the effect of OnTrack>The Game on treatment engagement. Hypothesis 3: Increases in hope, attitudes toward treatment, and self-efficacy and decreases in stigma concerns at post treatment will partially mediate the improvement in treatment engagement at follow-up. Approach Overview and Rationalization of Study Design: Phase II is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) enrolling 200 clients randomized to OTG or a control condition of RVs in a 1:1 ratio. The investigators will recruit these participants from OnTrackNY's Early Intervention for Psychosis (EIP) clinical centers after screening for eligibility. After consent and Baseline data collection, participants will be randomly assigned to either OTG or RV, which will be available to them for two months. Following an intent-to-treat framework, the investigators will then assess each client participant at 2 additional time points regardless of participation in their assigned condition: post-intervention (immediately after the 2 month intervention has completed), then follow-up at 3 months post-intervention. Ten clinicians working with these clients will also be recruited for semi-structured key informant qualitative interviews. Twenty client interviews will also be conducted, 10 from each condition. The investigators' rationale for selecting a randomized controlled design stems from Phase I findings, which suggest that the game may be effective in addressing young people's hopefulness, stigma, and understanding around first episode psychosis. An RCT design will allow the research team to examine how specific aspects of the game impact outcomes in these areas, as compared to more static, passive online resource. Study Setting: OnTrackNY is New York State's coordinated specialty care (CSC) program. Funded by state dollars, a SAMHSA Health Transitions Grant, and Mental Health Block Grant funds, the state currently supports 13 teams throughout the state. Eight additional programs are expected to come on line within the next 6 months. The program serves young adults ages 16 to 30. To date, a total of 290 individuals have been enrolled. Across the sites, clients are 69% male; mean age of 21; 19% are under the age of 18; racial/ethnic breakdown is as follows: 42% White, 39% Black, 10% Asian, 9% Other, and 23% Hispanic.


Recruitment information / eligibility

Status Completed
Enrollment 160
Est. completion date July 31, 2021
Est. primary completion date July 31, 2021
Accepts healthy volunteers Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Gender All
Age group 16 Years to 30 Years
Eligibility Inclusion Criteria: Client inclusion criteria: - Currently enrolled in OnTrackNY - English speaking - Clinically stable (not in crisis or experiencing severe or elevated symptoms) - Capable of providing informed consent - Regular access to a computer or tablet (at home or at their OnTrack site) - Working email address and access to email - Enrolled in OnTrackNY less than 19 months - Parent or guardian permission for minors (age 16-17) Exclusion Criteria for Clients: • Not meeting inclusion criteria. No other exclusion criteria.

Study Design


Intervention

Behavioral:
OnTrack>TheGame (OTG)
OTG clients will be informed that the game can be played on a computer or a tablet and the time estimate for completing the game is approximately 5-8 hours. OnTrack>The Game offers players the opportunity to immerse in a fictional neighborhood that centers around four domains for supportive recovery as defined by SAMHSA: health, home, purpose and community. The player interacts with other game characters including new acquaintances, friends/peers, a family member, and a treatment team, allowing the player to practice social and communication skills, while fostering personal relationships and building a support network. Additionally, the game provides players with helpful resources including psychoeducation materials and videos of real people who have experienced a first episode of psychosis, sharing their stories of hope and recovery. As a whole, the game provides a safe environment to promote goal attainment and recovery.
Recovery Videos (RV)
As described, RV clients will have access to a website that includes recovery videos and static psychoeducation materials. In this condition, mental health providers will also ask about possible reactions to viewing the recovery videos and information on the website.

Locations

Country Name City State
United States New York State Psychiatric Institute New York New York

Sponsors (5)

Lead Sponsor Collaborator
Center for Social Innovation, Massachusetts National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), New York State Psychiatric Institute, Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, Inc., University of Maryland, College Park

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (24)

Abdel-Baki A, Lal S, D-Charron O, Stip E, Kara N. Understanding access and use of technology among youth with first-episode psychosis to inform the development of technology-enabled therapeutic interventions. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2017 Feb;11(1):72-76. doi: 10.1111/eip.12250. Epub 2015 May 22. — View Citation

Agarkar S. A case of prolonged duration of untreated psychosis: barriers to treatment and strategies to improve the outcome. Clin Schizophr Relat Psychoses. 2012 Apr;6(1):45-8. doi: 10.3371/CSRP.6.1.6. — View Citation

Armstrong S. Video games on prescription. BMJ. 2014 Sep 15;349:g5615. doi: 10.1136/bmj.g5615. — View Citation

Baranowski T, Buday R, Thompson DI, Baranowski J. Playing for real: video games and stories for health-related behavior change. Am J Prev Med. 2008 Jan;34(1):74-82. Review. — View Citation

Batson, L., & Feinberg, S. (2006). Game designs that enhance motivation and learning for teenagers. Electronic Journal for the Integration of Technology in Education, 5(1), 34-43.

Bottlender R, Sato T, Jäger M, Wegener U, Wittmann J, Strauss A, Möller HJ. The impact of the duration of untreated psychosis prior to first psychiatric admission on the 15-year outcome in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2003 Jul 1;62(1-2):37-44. — View Citation

Dixon LB, Goldman HH, Bennett ME, Wang Y, McNamara KA, Mendon SJ, Goldstein AB, Choi CW, Lee RJ, Lieberman JA, Essock SM. Implementing Coordinated Specialty Care for Early Psychosis: The RAISE Connection Program. Psychiatr Serv. 2015 Jul;66(7):691-8. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201400281. Epub 2015 Mar 16. — View Citation

Gabbidon J, Brohan E, Clement S, Henderson RC, Thornicroft G; MIRIAD Study Group. The development and validation of the Questionnaire on Anticipated Discrimination (QUAD). BMC Psychiatry. 2013 Nov 7;13:297. doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-13-297. — View Citation

Goh, D. H., Ang, R. P., & Tan, H. C. (2008). Strategies for designing effective psychotherapeutic gaming interventions for children and adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(5), 2217-2235.

Herth K. Abbreviated instrument to measure hope: development and psychometric evaluation. J Adv Nurs. 1992 Oct;17(10):1251-9. — View Citation

Hieftje K, Edelman EJ, Camenga DR, Fiellin LE. Electronic media-based health interventions promoting behavior change in youth: a systematic review. JAMA Pediatr. 2013 Jun;167(6):574-80. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.1095. Review. — View Citation

Jones CM, Scholes L, Johnson D, Katsikitis M, Carras MC. Gaming well: links between videogames and flourishing mental health. Front Psychol. 2014 Mar 31;5:260. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00260. eCollection 2014. — View Citation

Kane JM, Robinson DG, Schooler NR, Mueser KT, Penn DL, Rosenheck RA, Addington J, Brunette MF, Correll CU, Estroff SE, Marcy P, Robinson J, Meyer-Kalos PS, Gottlieb JD, Glynn SM, Lynde DW, Pipes R, Kurian BT, Miller AL, Azrin ST, Goldstein AB, Severe JB, Lin H, Sint KJ, John M, Heinssen RK. Comprehensive Versus Usual Community Care for First-Episode Psychosis: 2-Year Outcomes From the NIMH RAISE Early Treatment Program. Am J Psychiatry. 2016 Apr 1;173(4):362-72. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15050632. Epub 2015 Oct 20. — View Citation

Lieberman JA, Dixon LB, Goldman HH. Early detection and intervention in schizophrenia: a new therapeutic model. JAMA. 2013 Aug 21;310(7):689-90. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.8804. — View Citation

Mohr DC, Burns MN, Schueller SM, Clarke G, Klinkman M. Behavioral intervention technologies: evidence review and recommendations for future research in mental health. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2013 Jul-Aug;35(4):332-8. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2013.03.008. Epub 2013 May 8. Review. — View Citation

Neal, J.W., Neal, Z.P., VanDyke, E., & Kornbluh, M. (2015). Expediting the analysis of qualitative data in evaluation: A procedure for the Rapid Identification of Themes From Audio Recordings (RITA). American Journal of Evaluation, 36(1), 118-132. doi: 10.1177/1098214014536601

Perkins DO, Gu H, Boteva K, Lieberman JA. Relationship between duration of untreated psychosis and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia: a critical review and meta-analysis. Am J Psychiatry. 2005 Oct;162(10):1785-804. Review. — View Citation

Rogers ES, Chamberlin J, Ellison ML, Crean T. A consumer-constructed scale to measure empowerment among users of mental health services. Psychiatr Serv. 1997 Aug;48(8):1042-7. — View Citation

Rüsch N, Corrigan PW, Wassel A, Michaels P, Olschewski M, Wilkniss S, Batia K. A stress-coping model of mental illness stigma: I. Predictors of cognitive stress appraisal. Schizophr Res. 2009 May;110(1-3):59-64. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2009.01.006. Epub 2009 Mar 6. — View Citation

Shandley K, Austin D, Klein B, Kyrios M. An evaluation of 'Reach Out Central': an online gaming program for supporting the mental health of young people. Health Educ Res. 2010 Aug;25(4):563-74. doi: 10.1093/her/cyq002. Epub 2010 Feb 11. — View Citation

Shortreed SM, Laber E, Scott Stroup T, Pineau J, Murphy SA. A multiple imputation strategy for sequential multiple assignment randomized trials. Stat Med. 2014 Oct 30;33(24):4202-14. doi: 10.1002/sim.6223. Epub 2014 Jun 11. Erratum in: Stat Med. 2017 Oct 15;36(23 ):3760. — View Citation

Stroup, T. S., Lawrence, R. E., Abbas, A. I., Miller, B. R., Perkins, D. O., Lieberman J. A. (2013). Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. In: R. E. Hales, S. C. Yudofsky, & L. Roberts (Eds.). The American psychiatric publishing textbook of psychiatry (6th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing.

Wilkinson N, Ang RP, Goh DH. Online video game therapy for mental health concerns: a review. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2008 Jul;54(4):370-82. Review. — View Citation

Wu EQ, Birnbaum HG, Shi L, Ball DE, Kessler RC, Moulis M, Aggarwal J. The economic burden of schizophrenia in the United States in 2002. J Clin Psychiatry. 2005 Sep;66(9):1122-9. — View Citation

* Note: There are 24 references in allClick here to view all references

Outcome

Type Measure Description Time frame Safety issue
Primary Change in Treatment Engagement Improved treatment engagement in participants from OTG condition compared to the control condition, RV (measured by a. Signh O'Brien Level of Engagement Scale, b. Engagement with CSC program determined by record review) At time point 3 (five months after baseline)
Primary Empowerment Increased empowerment in participants from OTG condition compared to the control condition, RV (measured by: a. Herth Hope Index, b. Recovery Attitude Questionnaire, c. Roger's Empowerment Scale) at time point 2 (two months after baseline); and at time point 3 (five months after baseline)
Primary Stigma Decreased stigma concerns in participants from OTG condition compared to the control condition, RV (measured by a. Questionnaire on Anticipated Stigma, b. Rüsch Stigma Stress) at time point 3 (five months after baseline)
Secondary Empowerment and Stigma Mediating Effect on Treatment Engagement Do increases in empowerment and decreases in stigma concerns mediate the effect of OTG on treatment engagement do increases in empowerment and decreases in stigma concerns at time point 2 (2 months after baseline), mediate the effect of OTG on treatment engagement at time point 3 (5 months after baseline)
See also
  Status Clinical Trial Phase
Recruiting NCT05039489 - A Study on the Brain Mechanism of cTBS in Improving Medication-resistant Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia N/A
Completed NCT05321602 - Study to Evaluate the PK Profiles of LY03010 in Patients With Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder Phase 1
Completed NCT05111548 - Brain Stimulation and Cognitive Training - Efficacy N/A
Completed NCT04503954 - Efficacy of Chronic Disease Self-management Program in People With Schizophrenia N/A
Completed NCT02831231 - Pilot Study Comparing Effects of Xanomeline Alone to Xanomeline Plus Trospium Phase 1
Completed NCT05517460 - The Efficacy of Auricular Acupressure on Improving Constipation Among Residents in Community Rehabilitation Center N/A
Completed NCT03652974 - Disturbance of Plasma Cytokine Parameters in Clozapine-Resistant Treatment-Refractory Schizophrenia (CTRS) and Their Association With Combination Therapy Phase 4
Recruiting NCT04012684 - rTMS on Mismatch Negativity of Schizophrenia N/A
Recruiting NCT04481217 - Cognitive Factors Mediating the Relationship Between Childhood Trauma and Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia N/A
Completed NCT00212784 - Efficacy and Safety of Asenapine Using an Active Control in Subjects With Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder (25517)(P05935) Phase 3
Completed NCT04092686 - A Clinical Trial That Will Study the Efficacy and Safety of an Investigational Drug in Acutely Psychotic People With Schizophrenia Phase 3
Completed NCT01914393 - Pediatric Open-Label Extension Study Phase 3
Recruiting NCT03790345 - Vitamin B6 and B12 in the Treatment of Movement Disorders Induced by Antipsychotics Phase 2/Phase 3
Recruiting NCT05956327 - Insight Into Hippocampal Neuroplasticity in Schizophrenia by Investigating Molecular Pathways During Physical Training N/A
Terminated NCT03261817 - A Controlled Study With Remote Web-based Adapted Physical Activity (e-APA) in Psychotic Disorders N/A
Terminated NCT03209778 - Involuntary Memories Investigation in Schizophrenia N/A
Completed NCT02905604 - Magnetic Stimulation of the Brain in Schizophrenia or Depression N/A
Recruiting NCT05542212 - Intra-cortical Inhibition and Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia N/A
Completed NCT04411979 - Effects of 12 Weeks Walking on Cognitive Function in Schizophrenia N/A
Terminated NCT03220438 - TMS Enhancement of Visual Plasticity in Schizophrenia N/A