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Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

NCT number NCT04580134
Other study ID # ( STU-2020-0989 )
Secondary ID
Status Recruiting
Phase Phase 4
First received
Last updated
Start date March 1, 2022
Est. completion date March 31, 2026

Study information

Verified date March 2024
Source University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Contact Asha Philip
Phone 214-648-5276
Email asha.philip@utsouthwestern.edu
Is FDA regulated No
Health authority
Study type Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The CLOZAPINE study is designed as a multisite study across 5 sites and is a clinical trial, involving human participants who are prospectively assigned to an intervention. The study will utilize a stringent randomized, double-blinded, parallel group clinical trial design. B2 group will serve as psychosis control with risperidone as medication control. The study is designed to evaluate effect of clozapine on the B1 participants, and the effect that will be evaluated is a biomedical outcome. The study sample will be comprised of individuals with psychosis, including 1) schizophrenia, 2) schizoaffective disorder and 3) psychotic bipolar I disorder. The investigators plan to initially screen and recruit n=524 (from both the existing B-SNIP library and newly-identified psychosis cases, ~50% each) in order to enroll n=320 (B1 and B2) into the RCT.


Description:

The clinical hypotheses underlying this experiment are that (i) B1 individuals are uniquely responsive to the pharmacological properties of clozapine because they have low Intrinsic EEG Activity (IEA), an index of compromised cortical neuronal responsiveness. This is plausibly associated with both (ii) reduced excitatory and (iii) reduced inhibitory stimulation in cortex and that IEA will track this altered excitatory/inhibitory balance and parallel clinical antipsychotic response. Furthermore, (iv) B2 probands (based on their high IEA) will not respond to clozapine. In this study clozapine response is measured by a 'super-APD' (AntiPsychotic Drug) drug response, a response in addition to what is seen with a usual APD (e.g., risperidone). The investigators believe that the 30-35% of individuals who show a 'super-APD' clozapine response in schizophrenia in the pivotal study will be predominantly in B1, because the B1 completers will no longer be diluted by the other non-responders like B2s. Therefore, the investigators postulate that >50% of B1 will show a unique therapeutic action of clozapine (beyond general APD action), contrasted with the usual predicted response of B1 to risperidone or of B2 to clozapine or risperidone.


Recruitment information / eligibility

Status Recruiting
Enrollment 524
Est. completion date March 31, 2026
Est. primary completion date December 31, 2025
Accepts healthy volunteers No
Gender All
Age group 18 Years to 60 Years
Eligibility Inclusion Criteria: - 18-60y/o; males and females; all races and ethnicities; able to provide written informed consent; able to read, speak, and understand English; medically stable; meeting DSM-IV (SCID-based) criteria for schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar I disorder with psychotic features (we will use DSM-IV to be consistent with prior B-SNIP samples); PANSS total score of =70 and at least one item scored =5 or two items scored =4 on PANSS Positive Subscale; normal baseline values for absolute neutrophil count (ANC above 1500/mm3) Exclusion Criteria: - premorbid intellectual ability estimate below 70 (WRAT-4, Word Reading subtest, age-corrected standardized score); comorbid DSM-IV diagnosis of alcohol or substance abuse in prior 1 month or substance dependence in prior 3 months; neurological (e.g., seizure disorder, stroke, traumatic brain injury with a loss of consciousness = 30min) or severe medical condition (e.g., decompensated cardiovascular disorder, AIDS) that may affect central nervous system function; concomitant medications known to affect EEG properties (i.e., lithium, anticonvulsants, benzodiazepines) or strong CYP 1A2 inhibitors (e.g., ciprofloxacin, enoxacin) or strong CYP 3A4 inducers (e.g., phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, rifampin) which cannot be safely discontinued; vulnerable populations (e.g., pregnant, nursing, incarcerated); unwilling to use reliable means of contraception; history of neuroleptic malignant syndrome; prior treatment with clozapine, prior treatment with long-acting injectable antipsychotics that are 1-month formulations within the past 3 months and for 3-month formulations within the past 6 months; intolerable side effects to either clozapine or risperidone in lifetime, or a previously failed trial of either clozapine or risperidone at adequate doses in lifetime; history of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome (DRESS), also known as drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS); high risk for suicide defined as more than 1 attempt in past 12 months that required medical attention, any attempt in the past 3 months or current suicidal ideation with plan and intent such that outpatient care is precluded; current homicidal ideation with plan and intent such that outpatient care is precluded.

Study Design


Intervention

Drug:
clozapine
Biotype 1 and Biotype 2
risperidone
Biotype 1 and Biotype 2

Locations

Country Name City State
United States UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas

Sponsors (6)

Lead Sponsor Collaborator
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Hartford Hospital, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), University of Chicago, University of Georgia

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

Outcome

Type Measure Description Time frame Safety issue
Primary Change in the PANSS total score The change in the PANSS total score from the clinical trial baseline (W4) to the end of treatment (W18) will be a primary outcome measure. We predict that B1/clozapine will show a significantly larger change in the PANSS score from W4 to W18, compared to B1/risperidone, B2/clozapine and B2/risperidone. We will also examine the patterns of change in the PANSS score during the 'stable treatment' phase (W10-W18), across the same study groups. A mixed-effect repeated-measures ANCOVA [2(Biotypes) × 2(clozapine/risperidone) × 2(time points] will be used. We also predict that the reduction in the PANSS scores will correlate with increased IEA in B1/clozapine but not in B1/risperidone, B2/clozapine or B2/risperidone. Multivariate prediction models will be used. Week 4, Week 10 and Week 18
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