View clinical trials related to Pulmonary Disease.
Filter by:The aim of this clinical trial is to evaluate, the effects of inspiratory muscle training program in inspiratory muscle function, functional capacity, quality of life, lung function, breathing pattern and chest wall motion in patients with advanced lung disease. Patients were evaluated before the inspiratory muscle training, after 8 weeks of training and at follow-up which was performed 3 months after the end of the intervention.
Transbronchial cryobiopsy carries a higher chance of establishing pathological diagnosis in diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD) than traditional transbronchial forceps guided biopsy. It is a novel technique capable of obtaining large, high-quality samples of lung tissue in a minimally invasive manner. This procedure may decrease the need for surgical lung biopsy in 75% of cases. However, there is an increased risk of pneumothorax and airway bleeding compared to traditional transbronchial forceps guided biopsy. Several strategies are used by practitioners of this technique to mitigate the risks of significant bleeding and pneumothorax. These include prophylactic placement of an endobronchial blocker, the use of fluoroscopy guidance, instillation of cold saline to promote vasoconstriction, and establishment of a secure airway with endotracheal tube placement or rigid bronchoscopy . Vanderbilt University Medical Center is one of the most active centers in terms of cryobiopsies performed as part of the diagnostic workup of DPLD. Currently all transbronchial cryobiopsies here are performed under fluoroscopic guidance, with endotracheal tube intubation and endobronchial blocker placement. Despite these precautions, post biopsy bleeding complications occur and can substantially lengthen the duration of the procedure and occasionally expose patients to procedural complications. Radial ultrasound has been well utilized to define anatomy of peripheral lung and localization of peripheral pulmonary nodules. We postulate that using radial ultrasound to identify peribronchial lung parenchyma with low vascularity will mitigate the risk of hemorrhage during peripheral lung cryobiopsy in patients with DPLD and hence improve patient safety.
The effect of biphasic positive airway pressure (Bi-PAP) at individualized pressures on the postoperative pulmonary recovery of morbidly obese patients (MOP) undergoing open bariatric surgery (OBS) and possible placebo device-related effects (sham-Bi-PAP) were investigated.
Cardiac rehabilitation is a programme of exercise and health advice for people recovering from heart disease. Pulmonary rehabilitation is a similar programme for people with chronic lung disease. For both groups of patients, taking part in rehabilitation can lead to improvements in health and well-being. However, only 30% of patients complete their agreed rehabilitation programme. This costs the NHS millions of pounds every year. This project aims to investigate whether a motivational-based intervention, underpinned by self-determination theory and motivational interviewing, will enable staff to encourage more patients to take part in physical activity (PA). Staff will be trained with the new communication skills and will then deliver the rehabilitation programme. The session content will not change, just the way in which staff speak to patients. This will be a two-phase study. Phase A will take a qualitative approach collect patient and staff feedback about the current rehabilitation programme, before using this information to develop and pilot the intervention. Phase B will then assess the feasibility of the intervention within cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation. Participants agreeing to take part in the phase B will be required to complete an interview and questionnaire at three time points. Patients' personal opinions of the programmes will be extremely important in discovering what can be done to improve rehabilitation for future participants. The main objectives will be to look at whether the intervention increases the number of patients taking part in physical activity. The investigators plan to establish how much physical activity patients take part in whilst they are in rehabilitation, as well as once they have left the programme. This is why participants will be interviewed three and six months after they have finished their rehabilitation programme.
Cardiovascular disease and malignancies account for more than 70% of all causes of mortality and morbidity in Italy. There is a subtle balance between genetic determinants and lifestyle, that often defines the line between health and sickness. So far studies aiming at identifying risk factors have mainly come from Northern Europe and the USA. It was to understand this balance between genetics and environmental determinants better, and to tailor appropriate preventive strategies for Italian and other Southern European populations, that the Moli-sani study was launched, transforming a small Italian region into a large scientific laboratory: the "Molise lab". Each participant received a thorough medical check-up at no cost to either him/her or the national health service, resulting in thousands of hours of free public health care. With a completely computerized system, Moli-sani is a "paperless" study, in which researchers and participants communicate using recently developed technologies such as mobile phone text messages (SMS). The biological data bank (the "MoliBank") is one of the largest in Europe. Paying particular attention towards innovation and new technologies, the Moli-sani study has placed itself at the cutting edge of a new paradigm crossing research and prevention
People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have balance problems and are at risk of falling. New guidelines recommend balance assessment be included in pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) however no specific tests are recommended. Our goal is to determine the best balance test for identifying COPD patients who are at risk of falling. In this study, COPD patients who report balance problems or falling in the last year will participate in a testing session. Balance, balance confidence, lower body strength, exercise tolerance and perceived physical limitations will be assessed. The number of falls over the following year will be recorded using monthly calendars.
The relative bioavailability of different salbutamol sulphate inhaler formulations will be studied in healthy male subjects according to the ethical regulations of World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki (1996) after the approval of the ethical committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt.
The use of USI has eased practical application of interventional procedures, and reduced complications and procedure durations. For vascular interventions with ultrasound imaging, short- or long-section imaging of vascular structures is performed. Both techniques have their own advantages and disadvantages. This study aims to compare the success rates of femoral artery catheterization using both imaging techniques.
Flexible bronchoscopy is one of the most widely performed procedures for diagnosis of various bronchopulmonary diseases. Most patients tolerate the procedure well although cough is often reported as a distressing symptom. It is likely that the acceptance of bronchoscopy would be significantly improved with control of cough. Use of sedation during bronchoscopy has been reported to improve procedure tolerance. However, awake(no sedation) bronchoscopy is routinely performed at many centres including ours. Topical lignocaine is administered during bronchoscopy for local anaesthesia. There is limited literature on the efficacy of transtracheal/transcricoid injection versus spray as you go method for lignocaine delivery to the airways during bronchoscopy. This study would help to determine the procedure comfort for the patient while using the transtracheal/transcricoid method vs the spray as you go method.
Endobronchial Ultrasound Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration (EBUS -TBNA) is commonly performed for diagnosis of mediastinal pathologies. The procedure can either be performed under general anaesthesia or under moderate sedation with topical anaesthesia. Most patients tolerate the procedure well although cough is often reported as a distressing symptom. Topical lignocaine is administered during endobronchial ultrasound for local anaesthesia. There is limited literature on the efficacy of transtracheal/transcricoid injection versus spray as you go method for lignocaine delivery to the airways during EBUS-TBNA. This study would help to determine the procedure comfort for the patient while using the transtracheal/transcricoid method vs the spray as you go method.