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Filter by:Drug therapy for persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) co-infected with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is complex. Anti-tuberculosis drugs used to treat LTBI often induce drug metabolizing enzymes that share the same metabolic pathway as antiretroviral drugs used for those living with HIV/AIDS. This study evaluates the drug-drug interaction (DDI) potential of an antiretroviral drug when co-administered with a common anti-tuberculosis regimen of drugs.
The purpose of this study is to see if a 4 day oral care program in patients who have been on a breathing machine results in better oral health, reduces the amount of certain bacteria in the mouth and reduces infection while in the hospital. The plan is to test the specific hypotheses that a standardized oral care protocol: 1. Results in improved oral health compared to standard care, 2. Reduces the rate of Staphylococcus aureus / methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and 3. Reduces the risk of healthcare-associated infections.
The investigators have already proven that Mitotic Activity Index (MAI)is the most robust measure of proliferation in breast cancer tissue. The purpose was to study whether 18 and 2-4 hours pre-operative per-oral carbohydrate loading (often given in gastrointestinal surgery i.e. enhanced recovery after surgery=ERAS) influences proliferation in the tumor, serum insulin characteristics, metabolic profile and survival.
The investigators will prospectively evaluate for the presence of amyloid deposits in soft tissue samples obtained from patients undergoing trigger finger release surgery. Patients who have tissue that stains positive for amyloid will be referred to an amyloidosis specialist.
In this Phase I study, the study team will evaluate the safety of Valproic Acid (VPA) expanded cord blood stem cells defined by the lack of serious infusion reactions or graft failure in patients with hematological malignancies undergoing umbilical cord blood transplantation. Moreover, the study team will also evaluate time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment as well as transplant related outcomes such as graft versus host disease (GVHD), treatment related mortality (TRM), and overall survival (OS).
The purpose of this prospective, single-institution observational study is to evaluate associations between the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters for tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) used to treat chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and clinical outcomes for up to 12 months. The study aims to identify associations between TKI clearance and/or exposure with demographic and clinical patient characteristics, CML milestones, medication toxicities, medication adherence, and germline genetic variants. Because this is an observational study, standard-of-care therapy will not be altered during the course of participation. Blood samples will be collected at each study visit (up to 6 visits) over the course of 12 months to evaluate TKI concentrations, and PK parameters. Blood will also be collected during the first visit to isolate DNA for next generation sequencing (NGS). Demographic information will be collected at baseline, while clinical and medication adherence information will be collected at baseline and then throughout the study. There will be no direct benefit to you for your participation. Risks are minor, but could include bruising, vein irritation, lightheadedness/dizziness, and/or infection from blood draws, as well as potential loss of confidentiality.
Virtual Reality exposure therapy (VRET) is an efficacious treatment for anxiety disorders but has yet to be implemented in regular care settings. This is arguably due to the limitations of the past generation of VR technology, which was expensive, inaccessible, cumbersome and hard to use. With the advent of consumer VR technology, VRET is now ready for implementation in regular care. This multiple-baseline trial will examine the effectiveness of VRET for public speaking anxiety (PSA) when delivered under real-world conditions at an ordinary, non-specialized mental health clinic, by clinical psychologist with only brief VRET training. Participants will either be self-referred specifically for this treatment, or come through ordinary clinical channels. Self-rated PSA will serve as primary outcome measure and will be measured three times prior to treatment (at screening and twice after a diagnostic screening telephone interview) , four times after onset, at the end of the treatment period, and three months after treatment.
Premature very low birth weight (VLBW) infants were placed in two groups matched for birth age. The control group received traditional joint compression exercises designed to decrease bone density loss. Exercises lasted approximately 10 minutes each day 5 days a week. The experimental group were placed in a "prepod", an elastic fabric pod shaped garment or sack on entry into the study and remained in the pod essentially 24 hours a day, with brief breaks for bathing, parental skin to skin experiences,etc. An ultrasound of the left tibia was done on entrance into the study at 31 to 32 weeks gestation and again at completion of the study 4 weeks later. Results showed that experimental infants in pods had slightly less bone density loss than their peers receiving traditional therapy. An incidental finding was that the experimental infants in pods had a significantly shorter length of stay.
Chronic HCV infection has relatively slow rate of progression. Liver fibrosis is the main sequlae and usually progressed to cirrhosis after long period (10 to 20 years) [6]. Once cirrhosis is established the disease progression remains unpredictable: cirrhosis can remain indolent for many years in some patients whilst progressing in others to HCC, hepatic decompensation and death. Overall once cirrhosis has developed there is a 1-5% annual risk of HCC and a 3-6% annual risk of hepatic decompensation. Following an episode of decompensation the risk of death in the following year is between 15% and 20% Treatment of chronic HCV has been dramatically changed in the last few years with introduction of direct acting antivirals (DAAs). The new therapies with excellent safety profiles, shorter duration of therapy and marked higher efficacy can be even used in patients with advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis
High flow nasal therapy (HFNT) has not been well evaluated for treating hypercapnia The purpose of this study is to determine whether high flow nasal therapy (HFNT) can decrease hypercapnia and improve respiratory distress parameters in Emergency Department patients with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure related to cardiogenic pulmonary edema and to compare its efficacy to that of non invasive ventilation.