View clinical trials related to Opioid Use.
Filter by:The study will examine how medical cannabis use affects opioid analgesic use over time, with particular attention to THC/CBD content, HIV outcomes, and severe adverse events.
The purpose of this study is to determine if the research results obtained in animal models of pain - that show that being in pain for some time increases opioid use beyond what is expected to treat the current pain - also apply to patients with chronic pain.
Opioids is known that produce not only analgesia but also hyperalgesia through activation of central glutaminergic system-GABA. At the same time, recently it was found that the main opioid receptor (OPRM1) is present on human granulosa cells and exogenous opiates and their antagonists can influence granulosa cell vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production via OPRM1, causing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. This study aims to investigate if a single exposure to opioids is enough to produce activation of stress mechanism during oocyte retrieval.
Chronic pain is becoming increasingly more prevalent worldwide. High rates of co-morbid psychological distress are also commonly found among individuals living with chronic pain. Often requiring a multi-modal treatment approach, a growing body of literature suggests that digital behavioral health interventions and tools may serve as promising complementary options to help individuals cope with the pain.
Fentanyl is the most commonly used opioid during anesthesia at Massachusetts General Hospital. Compared to other opioids, e.g. sulfentanil and remifentanil, fentanyl's pharmacokinetic properties are more problematic as the context sensitive half-time increases with duration of fentanyl infusion. This may lead to respiratory complications particularly in patients who receive fentanyl for surgical procedures of long duration. Considering the common use of fentanyl during surgery and its duration of action that is hard to predict during long surgical procedures, we will evaluate the association between intraoperative fentanyl dose and postoperative respiratory complications within 3 days of surgery.
Postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting are frustrating sequelae of elective breast surgery. Poorly managed postoperative pain can lead to increased opioid use, increased postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), delayed return to work and usual activities, unplanned hospital admissions, surgical complications, and patient dissatisfaction. In light of the growing opioid epidemic in the United States, any intervention that potentially minimizes opioid use may have meaningful individual and societal impact. In patients undergoing breast reduction and breast augmentation surgery, multiple techniques for managing postoperative pain are used commonly. One such technique is the use of a paravertebral block (PVB), which is a method of injecting local anesthesia into the area surrounding the spinal nerves in order to decrease sensation and pain in the chests and breasts in the setting of breast surgery. PVB is generally used concomitantly with standard multimodal perioperative pain management including cool compress, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs), acetaminophen, and opioids. All of these pain management strategies are used at the University of Wisconsin and are considered standard of care for breast surgery nationwide. The overall purpose of this study is to evaluate interventions that aim to optimize pain control, minimize the risk of PONV, and improve recovery after elective breast surgery. We will do this by (1) Comparing PVB with standard pain management strategies in patients undergoing planned breast reduction and breast augmentation, and (2) Comparing "enhanced recovery after surgery" (ERAS) strategies to standard of care for patients undergoing planned breast reduction and breast augmentation. This will be studied using pain assessments, validated surveys, medication logs, and review of medical records.
At the Ohio State University, and across the country, surgical patients admitted to the hospital are over-prescribed a significant amount of opioid medications upon discharge to home. Recent studies reveal that a large percentage of patients prescribed opioid medications after surgery have approximately half of the prescribed medication left over. This study aims to evaluate reported opioid use after surgery in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery in order to better approach the issue with current opioid use and abuse trends while still providing adequate medical care and pain management to patients
We aim to determine if descriptive normative feedback of peer prescribing reduces opioid analgesic prescribing by emergency medicine providers
Patients will be randomized to one of two interventions intended to facilitate safe disposal of opioids after cessation following surgery. For pragmatic reasons, participants will be randomized by day to either the information sheet or the disposal bag using a block randomization schedule. To ensuring adequate sample size, patients will be enrolled for a ~4-week period following the 2-week usual care run in period. In the event that the sample size estimate has not been reached after the 4-week intervention period, additional patients will be enrolled accordingly.
The number of opioid overdose deaths in the United States has quadrupled in 15 years, a dramatic manifestation of the current opioid abuse epidemic. This rise parallels a sharp increase in the amount of legal prescription opioids dispensed. The abundance of prescription opioids available is a primary pathway for opioid abuse and diversion. Adjusting post- cesarean delivery opioid prescribing practices to better match actual patient need has the potential to reduce unused opioids available for diversion, nonmedical use, and development of chronic dependence, as well as reduce wasted resources.