View clinical trials related to Obesity, Abdominal.
Filter by:High fructose intake is increasingly recognized as causative in development of prediabetes, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The mechanisms underlying fructose-induced metabolic disturbances are unclear but are beginning to be unraveled. In contrast to metabolism of glucose, the breakdown of fructose leads to the generation of metabolites that stimulate hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and increased levels of both fasting and postprandial triglycerides. The key lipogenic transcription factor seems to be activated by fructose independently of insulin. However, it is still controversial whether fructose consumption increases DNL in man to the extent that it induces metabolic disturbances. Animal studies have shown that also the adipose tissue is responsive to fructose feeding fructose, and that high fructose-feeding induces insulin resistance and inflammation in the adipose tissue. The role of intestinal insulin resistance in fructose-induced dysmetabolism has not been studied in detail. The critical question is whether the metabolic disturbances are induced by calorie excess or by fructose per se.
In this randomized controlled trial, we will examine the effect of a 3-month exercise training (aerobic exercise versus resistance exercise) without calorie restriction on total and regional adiposity, ectopic fat in the liver and skeletal muscle, and risk of type 2 diabetes in overweight girls.
The main objectives of this study are to collect pilot data to assess feasibility (accrual, retention, compliance), to estimate the variability of outcome measures, and to obtain preliminary estimates of treatment efficacy based on group differences in body composition (decreases in ectopic fat stores while maintaining lean mass), cardio-metabolic risk factors including glucoregulatory function (glucose, insulin), inflammation (C-reactive protein, IL-6), blood pressure and lipids (HDL, LDL, TC, TG), and measures of physical function and muscle strength. While this is just a pilot study, randomization will be used so that the investigators can obtain a realistic estimate of accrual (which is often less in a randomized trial) and an unbiased estimate of treatment efficacy. The investigators will accomplish these objectives by conducting a 2-arm, 3-month randomized, clinical trial in 24 older (60-79), abdominally obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2 and waist circumference ≥ 102 cm and ≥ 88 cm in men and women, respectively) men and women. Participants will be randomized to a soy-based or animal-based, 3-month, hypocaloric dietary intervention to achieve our specific aims: Primary Aim: To determine our ability to recruit and retain older, obese adults to a 3 month soy-based meal replacement weight loss intervention and assess the study participant's ability to adhere to the intervention protocol (weight, compliance logs, serum isoflavones). Secondary Aims: 1. To estimate the variability of and obtain preliminary estimates of the effect of the soy-based meal replacement on measures of body composition, including abdominal (total, subcutaneous and visceral fat), liver, and pericardial fat; anthropometrics (body weight, waist/hip circumference); and whole body fat and lean mass. 2. To estimate the variability of and obtain preliminary estimates of the effect of the soy-based meal replacement on biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk including glucoregulatory function (glucose, insulin), inflammation (C-reactive protein, IL-6), blood pressure and lipids (HDL, LDL, TC, TG). 3. To estimate the variability of and obtain preliminary estimates of the effect of the soy-based meal replacement on physical function (short physical performance battery, 400-m walk) and muscle strength (grip and knee extensor strength) and size (CT thigh muscle). 4. To document any adverse events associated with the soy-based meal replacement.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of GFT505 80mg compared with placebo in improving Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), in patients with impaired glucose tolerance and abdominal obesity, and to assess the tolerability and safety of once-a-day administrations of oral doses of GFT505 during 35 days.
The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy on insulin sensitivity of GFT505 at 80mg/d in male patients with insulin resistance and abdominal obesity. Evaluation will be made using a glucose clamp technique.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of GFT505 80mg in reducing serum Triglycerides (TG) and increasing High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) levels compared with placebo in atherogenic dyslipidaemic patients with abdominal obesity, and to assess the tolerability and safety of once-a-day administrations of oral doses of GFT505 during 28 days.
Nicotinic acid (Niacin) has been used for many years for the treatment of dyslipidemia. Indeed Niacin decreases triglycerides (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) but more importantly increases high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). Although the drug has been used for so long, its precise mechanism of action remains elusive. The aim of this study was to characterise the metabolic changes induced by 8 week treatment with Niacin in dyslipidemic, overweight patients. The importance of the inhibition of lipolysis on the overall lipid effects of niacin will be studied. In order to get a very comprehensive view of all metabolic activities of niacin, this study will investigate the potential effects of niacin on Glucose metabolism, lipid and lipoprotein turnover, quantitative changes in lipoproteins and key enzymes involved in lipid metabolism.
The study investigates whether a caloric restricted dietary regime can prevent onset and/or progression of chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetic patients with abdominal obesity, through the amelioration of concomitant metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension and inflammation, possible risk factors for the onset of kidney disease. The main aim of the study is therefore to evaluate the renoprotective effect of caloric restriction (CR) on subjects at risk of nephropathy. Secondary aim is to better understand how dietary implementation can modulate renal disease and its associated metabolic abnormalities.
The main purpose of this 2-year lifestyle experiment for waist loss is twofold: 1. to compare whole grains and no grains as part of a healthy diet, 2. to determine if an 8-week exercise program, led by physiotherapists, is more efficient than brief counseling and follow-up. People with abdominal overweight (≥84 cm in women and ≥98 cm in men) and at least one additional cardiovascular risk factor, (typically hypertension, diabetes type 2 or prior cardiovascular disease) are randomly assigned to receive Diet A or Diet B, with or without a structured exercise program at the department of physiotherapy, or to a control group receiving usual care. Diet A and B both include fruit, vegetables, fish, meat, and low-fat dairy products, and differ only in that Diet A recommends exchange of cereal grains for more potatoes, root vegetables, fruit and other carbohydrate-rich foods, while Diet B recommends exchange of regular cereal grains for whole grains. The primary outcome (most important follow-up variable) is change in waist circumference during 2 years. Secondary outcome measures include blood pressure, blood lipids, level of physical activity and, in subjects with diabetes, glycated hemoglobin and fasting blood sugar.
High blood pressure (hypertension) is an important cause of myocardial infarction and stroke. High blood pressure often occurs in people who are overweight. These people frequently also have abnormal fat and sugar metabolism. The combination of these problems is called the 'metabolic syndrome'. People with hypertension and obesity currently receive the same drug therapy as people with hypertension, but without obesity. Different classes of drugs are thought to be equally effective in lowering blood pressure. Next to lowering blood pressure, hypertension treatment can have additional effects, like changes in blood vessel function (the ability to dilate and constrict) or changes is the metabolism of sugar and fat. Particularly in patients with the metabolic syndrome, these additional effects are thought to be of great importance, because they can influence the risk for cardiovascular diseases. The blood pressure lowering mechanism differs between classes of blood pressure lowering medication. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of three types of blood pressure lowering medication belonging to different classes. The main outcomes of interest will be blood vessel function (the ability to dilate and constrict) and blood pressure. Moreover, the effect of treatment on additional outcomes, like metabolism of sugar and fat, will be studied.