View clinical trials related to Nutrition.
Filter by:In the ICU, scientific societies recommend starting enteral nutrition within 48 hours of admission, if oral nutrition is not available, in order to limit undernutrition. In patients who are sedated, have swallowing problems or cannot ensure adequate caloric intake, it is essential to insert a feeding tube, usually a nasogastric or orogastric tube for the first few weeks. Placement of a naso- or oro-gastric tube in the intensive care unit is a frequent procedure, and considered to be straightforward. It is usually performed blindly, at the patient's bedside, by a nurse or doctor, according to a departmental protocol or the recommendations of learned societies. Nevertheless, a number of complications have been reported with naso- or oro-gastric tubes, linked in particular to a route outside the digestive tract : malpositioning/coiling of the tube, epistaxis, sinusitis. The most frequent and potentially severe complications are malpositions in the tracheobronchial tree. Radiographic control is currently considered in France and by certain learned societies to be the reference method for verifying correct positioning of the probe in the stomach (at the prepyloric antral level). However, thoracic radiography has a number of drawbacks : In intensive care risk of accidental displacement of other medical devices,irradiation, difficulty of interpretation, delay in obtaining the image, time-consuming work for qualified personnel. An alternative technique using the NGPOD device is proposed as a method of checking the correct positioning of the probe in the stomach. This system enables immediate, rapid (15 seconds), simple and automatic testing at the patient's bedside. The device provides a visual indication of the pH detected at the tip of the gastric tube. The test result is given in binary form: Yes (green signal, probe in stomach) / No (red signal, probe incorrectly positioned). Study hypothesis and prospects: To make an initial estimate of the sensitivity and specificity of the NGPOD system for checking the positioning of the naso- or oro-gastric tube in the stomach, compared with the recognized gold standard, the chest X-ray.
There are few safe, effective, and affordable interventions to improve pregnancy outcomes in low resource settings where the highest rates of poor birth outcomes occur. L-citrulline is naturally found in many foods and is changed into another important amino acid, L-arginine, in the body. L-arginine is important for the growth of a healthy placenta and healthy baby. Adding L-citrulline to the diets of pregnant women may be an effective and affordable way to improve the health of their babies.The goal of the AGREE trial is to test whether a dietary supplement containing a common food component, an amino acid called L-citrulline, can help pregnant Kenyan women at risk of malaria have healthier pregnancies and healthier babies. 2,960 pregnant Kenyan women will be enrolled and randomly assigned to take either a twice daily dietary supplement containing L-citrulline or a placebo supplement without additional L-citrulline. Maternal participants will be seen every month until delivery and at weeks 1 and 6 after birth. Infants will also be followed up at ages 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. The primary outcome of the study is 'adverse pregnancy outcome', a composite of foetal loss (miscarriage or still birth), preterm birth, low birth weight, small for gestational age or neonatal mortality. The results of the AGREE trial could help to guide obstetric and public health policy and provide a sustainable solution that could be implemented at the community level.
The reasonable combination of macronutrients including carbohydrates, proteins and fat, is the basis of rational diet and beneficial to treatment of metabolic diseases including obesity and diabetes. Endocrine hormones play pivotal roles in regulation of nutrients metabolism and energy homeostasis. However, the dynamic metabolism following the consumption of macronutrients and the relationship between various metabolites and endocrine hormones during these procedures yet to be adequately explained nowadays. Therefore, in this study, the investigators selected glucose, protein, fat and mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) for the loading tests, endocrine hormones and metabolites were detected to profile the molecular changes in the plasma. The investigators aimed to explore the nutrient processing patterns of various macronutrients and determine the interaction between metabolic hormones and metabolites.
The investigators will conduct a case-control study among under-two children in Lombok Timur, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The power required to detect changes in epigenetic markers may not be sufficient in the cohort study. Therefore, specific case-control design of stunted vs non-stunted children will provide the required power to detect potential epigenetic markers which will be further investigated through targeted sequencing of the cohort study. A total of 150 stunted children will be recruited and then it will be matched with 150 non-stunted children with the same sex. The assessments for these study subjects will include: 1) The genetic and epigenetic profile of the children, gut microbiota and nutritional status (Physical component), 2) Food security, Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) and Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices (Home-Food component), 3) Children's psychosocial care and cognitive outcome (Cognition component).
NuRISH is a suite of clinical trials for children from low-income families which will determine whether primary healthcare prescription for: 1) Optimal breastfeeding with support from a mobile lactation consultant vs. usual care and 2) High-quality childcare starting at 1 year vs. usual care can prevent childhood obesity, and improve cardiovascular, developmental and mental health at 2 years of age.
Pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy has been standard procedure for periampullary benign and malignant disease. Delayed gastric emptying is one of most common complications after the procedure. Recently, pylorus resecting pancreaticoduodenectomy has been actively performed because some studies reported that the procedure can reduce postoperative delayed gastric emptying. However, the level of evidence is low and there was few studies considering nutritional status after pylorus resecting pancreaticoduodenectomy. The purpose of this study is to compare between pylorus-resecting and preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy on postoperative delayed gastric emptying and nutritional status.
Background: Cognitive frailty is an at-risk state of dementia that it can be reversed by manipulating the lifestyle factors, such as cognitive activity and nutrition/dietary pattern. Their protective effects depend on a prolonged adherence to these factors. However, in the literature, most of the cognitive interventions are centred-based and supervised. Nutrition intervention depends on the provision of supplement or a complimentary supply of food. There is a lack of interventions with components of sustaining cognitive and nutrition training effect for the community-dwelling older people with cognitive frailty in home settings. Objectives: This study aims to examine the feasibility and preliminary effects of a gamified, home-based, cognitive-nutritional training (GAHOCON) programme for community-dwelling older people with cognitive frailty on protective diet adherence, cognitive function, frailty nutrition, and body composition.
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are increasingly becoming interested in nonpharmacologic approaches to their disease. One of the most frequently asked questions of IBD patients is what they should eat. The role of diet has become very important in the prevention and treatment of IBD. Although there is a general lack of rigorous scientific evidence that demonstrates which diet is best for certain patients, several diets have become popular. Aim of the Work To assess IBD patients' knowledge about the role of nutrition in the management of their Inflammatory Bowel Disease and the dietary beliefs, behaviors, and daily dietary practices in adult IBD patients that they make to avoid exacerbation of disease symptoms or to gain more control of bowel symptoms, keeping in mind our traditional and oriental food and food habits in Egypt. Also to evaluate the role of one of the most common dietary regimens; the Paleolithic diet in active mild or moderate inflammatory bowel disease.
This study is a Clinical trial to assess the efficacy of nutrition support therapy of patients with liver failure. Patients were randomized to one of 2 groups to receive different nutrition and energy support treatment.
The purpose of this study is to compare standardized nutrition therapy provided by a registered dietitian (RD) at regularly scheduled intervals to usual care in terms of the ability to improve growth parameters in medically complex infants in the pediatric outpatient setting.