View clinical trials related to Microbiota.
Filter by:This proposal will quantify dietary exposure of a nano- food additive in the U.S. food supply, and determine its impact on the human gut microbiome, gut inflammation, permeability and oxidative stress. Titanium dioxide (TiO2, or E171 food grade additive) is used in processed foods, with thousands of tons produced annually and an expected increase >8.9% from 2016 to 2025. Preclinical models demonstrate >99% of consumed TiO2 is retained within the intestinal lumen and excreted in the feces. In animal models, dietary TiO2 causes shifts in the gut microbiome, decreases acetate production, increases biofilm formation, and causes profound disruption of gut homeostasis and intestinal tight junctions, due to the production of reactive oxygen species and increased inflammation. However, the relation between chronic TiO2 intake and human gut homeostasis has yet to be elucidated. France issued an executive order to ban food grade TiO2 use after January 1st 2020, over serious safety concerns. Since then, multiple European civil societies have jointly called for an executive order to ban TiO2 across the EU. Typical TiO2 intake among U.S. adults remains to be documented, and there are no known studies that estimate dietary exposure of TiO2 using a whole foods approach. Therefore, the overarching goals of this project are to: 1) measure dietary TiO2 exposure in a sample of U.S. adults, using dietary recalls and fecal TiO2 content; 2) determine how fecal TiO2 content is related to gut dysbiosis, metatranscriptomics, intestinal inflammation, permeability and oxidative stress.
The main aim of this project is to demonstrate an association between gut and oral microbiota and their metabolites to carotid atherosclerosis and risk of ischemic stroke. The investigators aim to show that these metabolite levels are diet-dependent (mainly egg yalk and red meat) and associated with specific types of microbiota. The investigators to assess serum microbiota metabolite levels as a predictor of stroke and plaque progression for patients with carotid atherosclerosis.
This research project aims to provide the scientific findings about the beneficial effects of okara (soybean pulp) consumption on gut and glycaemic health in middle-aged and older individuals in Singapore. In addition, it aims to examine the health promoting impact of bio-transformed okara in this population. We hypothesise that consuming a habitual diet with an okara (untreated or bio-transformed) incorporated food product will improve the gut microbiome composition and will increase the production of short chain fatty acids when compared to a same diet with no okara. Okara-based food product can also improve the glycaemic response in individuals compared to a product without okara in meal tolerance test (acute).
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are caused by the loss of mucosal tolerance towards the commensal microbiota resulting in inflammatory responses. Identifying intestinal bacteria in mother and newborn of both IBD and Control groups allow us to understand the change of bacterial composition human microbiome in the gut during pregnancy and childhood development.