View clinical trials related to Lung Diseases.
Filter by:Right ventricular failure (RVF) is an independent factor of mortality for many pulmonary diseases. Currently, RVF is defined as the incapacity of the RV to maintain the flow without dilating to use the Frank-Starling law (i.e., increase of the ejection volume associated to an increase of the preload). RVF is associated to RV systolic dysfunction which is conventionally defined as a decrease of the RV ejection fraction (RVEF) < 45%. In the intensive care unit (ICU), acute RVF is mainly due to the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis or septic shock, and less often to severe pulmonary embolism or RV infarction. The anatomical complexity of the RV precludes any geometrical assumption to estimate its volume, hence its ejection fraction (EF) using two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography. For this reason, the evaluation of RV systolic function is currently based on parameters used as surrogates of RVEF: fraction area change in 2D-mode, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) in M-mode, and maximal velocity of the systolic S' wave using tissue Doppler imaging. Real-time three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography now enables accurate on-line measurement of RV volume and provides at the bedside the non-invasive assessment of RVEF. 3D transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) has been validated to measure RV volume and RVEF compared to MRI which is the gold standard. However, 3D transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has not yet been validated in this specific clinical setting, while 2D TEE is frequently used in ICU in ventilated and sedated patients. Accordingly, the diagnostic ability of 3D echocardiography to quantify RV systolic function in ICU patients with RVF of any origin is currently unknown.
xrAI (pronounced "X-ray") serves as a clinical assistance tool for trained clinical professionals who are interpreting chest radiographs. The tool is designed as a quality control and adjunct, limited, clinical decision support tool, and does not replace the role of clinical professionals. It highlights areas on chest radiographs for review by an interpreting clinician. The objective of this study is to utilize machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms (xrAI) to improve the quality and efficiency in the interpretation of chest radiographs by radiologists. The hypothesis is that the addition of xrAI's analysis will reduce inter-observer variability in the interpretation of chest radiographs and increase participants' sensitivity, recall, and accuracy in pulmonary abnormality screening.
Acute exacerbation of COPD usually presents with more sputum production leading to worsening airflow obstruction. Often patients complain of sensation of sputum (phlegm) stuck in throat, which leads to worsening cough and respiratory distress. In an acute exacerbation setting high flow nasal cannula (HFNC), which is a modality that provides humidified and warm oxygenated air at flow of upto 60L/min, has shown to reduce blood carbon dioxide level and respiratory rate. However, studies investigating other effects of HFNC in this setting are lacking. To investigators' knowledge, this is the first study investigating effects of HFNC on sputum clearance in COPD patients. The purpose of the study is to determine the effects of HFNC on sputum clearance in acute exacerbation of COPD. Primary objective of the study is to determine whether HFNC improves clearability and wettability of sputum produced during acute exacerbation of COPD. Secondary objectives of the study include subjective assessment of cough severity as well as need for escalation of care after HFNC use versus conventional flow nasal oxygen (CFNO) use.
People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experience distressing breathlessness and high health care utilisation. There is compelling evidence that pulmonary rehabilitation improves symptoms and reduces hospitalisation, but is delivered to <10% of patients who would benefit. The investigators developed a low cost model of pulmonary rehabilitation that can be delivered entirely at home. The HomeBase model had equivalent outcomes to centre-based pulmonary rehabilitation in a phase II efficacy trial, with higher completion rates. The investigators hypothesise that a patient centred model offering a choice between home or centre-based pulmonary rehabilitation may increase program completion rates, with improved outcomes for patients and the health system. This is a cluster randomised implementation trial investigating whether offering a choice of home or centre-based pulmonary rehabilitation can reduce hospitalisation, improve pulmonary rehabilitation completion and enhance patient outcomes in people with COPD. 14 pulmonary rehabilitation programs located across Australia will each recruit 35 people with COPD. Intervention centres: People with COPD will be offered the choice of centre-based pulmonary rehabilitation or the HomeBase model. Comparison centres: Only the existing centre-based model will be offered. The primary outcome is all cause, non-elective hospitalisation at 12 months. Other outcomes are symptoms, exercise capacity and quality of life at 8 weeks and 12 months; and health care costs at 12 months for full economic evaluation.
Although non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) shows the good curative effect of treating the patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), some patients do not tolerate NPPV or do not benefit from it. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is well tolerated and may be used to patients with AECOPD who are intolerant to NPPV treatment. This study is to evaluate the physiological effect of HFNC and compare it with NPPV.
This study aims to establish the treatment scheme of Yiqi Huoxue Huatan granule for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with chronic respiratory failure (CRF), reducing mortality, improving quality of life and forming high quality evidence.
The clinical study with UMC119-06 is designed to investigate the safety in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. This will be a dose escalation, open label, single-center study in adult with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. UMC119-06 is ex vivo cultured human umbilical cord tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells product which is intended for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
The balance, gait and pain in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) study will aim to investigate the link between balance and gait impairment, and high rates of pain in people with COPD. This cross-sectional observational study will compare balance and gait outcomes for people with COPD who have pain, to those who are pain free.
The high resolution chest scan is the gold standard for the screening of interstitial lung disease, but this remains an onerous examination, and irradiating. Ultrasound could be used to detect these disorders with a very good sensitivity and specificity. This exam offers the advantage of being non radiating, inexpensive, and accessible to the rheumatologist who already uses it in their daily practice. The investigators want to assess the lung ultrasound performance compared with the gold standard. Patients will be included during a regular follow-up consultation with their referent rheumatologist. If there is an indication of first line biotherapy or targeted therapy the doctor will propose to the patient to participate in the study, give him the information leaflet, collect orally non-opposition, and will complete a survey for evaluation of the general health and potential risk factors for interstitial lung.
This research study will explore the safety and efficacy of the drug, pirfenidone, in patients with a diagnosis of Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome (HPS) who have an associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) over a planned period of 56 weeks.