View clinical trials related to Lifestyle.
Filter by:Patients will be randomly assigned to a group where they undergo a 12-week lifestyle modification program prior to their fertility treatment, or a group where they are entitled to start their fertility treatment without prior lifestyle modification program.
To assess changes in food intake and food preference (e.g., fat and sugar) after bariatric surgery and lifestyle intervention alone with a direct measurement.
People with mental illness (MI) have a reduced life expectancy compared to the general population, mostly attributable to somatic diseases caused by poor physical health. Modifiable "lifestyle factors" have been increasingly associated with the onset of somatic diseases in people with MI and refer to health behaviours such as physical activity (PA), diet, sleep and smoking behaviour. Despite the evidence demonstrating the efficacy of interventions aimed at improving lifestyle factors, there have not been many structural changes in routine clinical care for people with MI. Using a multidisciplinary, multicomponent approach, Deenik and colleagues (2019) were the first to find long-term positive effects in both mental and somatic health in a real-world inpatient setting for people with severe mental illness (SMI). They found improvements in metabolic health, psychosocial functioning and quality of life, and a reduction in the use of psychotropic medication. The authors urged to confirm and complement findings in scaled-up studies, and made several suggestions for improvement of the treatment and pragmatic research of implementation. In line with these previous recommendations the MULTI is being scaled-up into the MULTI+. This study investigates the implementation and effectiveness of a multidisciplinary lifestyle treatment for inpatients with mental illness (MULTI+).
Periodontitis is a biofilm-mediated chronic inflammatory disease with a multi-factorial etiology; it belongs to the group of diseases classified as "Non-communicable Diseases" (NCDs). According to the results of the Global Burden of Disease Study of 2017, it is the sixth most prevalent disease worldwide and it constitutes a heavy burden on health costs. Risk factors for such disease include non-modifiable risk factors, i.e. familiarity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, as well as modifiable risk factors, i.e. diet, stress and low physical exercise. Given the significant impact of oral health on the quality of life and overall well being of the individual, many studies investigated the importance of risk factors for oral health. In particular, there is some evidence that more severe manifestations of periodontitis are associated with lower physical activity (De Oliveira Ferreira et al., 2019), poor sleep quality (Karaaslan & Dikilitaş, 2019) and more perceived stress (Coelho et al., 2020). With regards to diet, despite the high number of studies demonstrating an anti-inflammatory effect of the Mediterranean Diet, no study has ever investigated the adherence to Mediterranean Dieta to the oral health status. From a methodological standpoint, investigations regarding environmental factors are mainly carried out through questionnaires administration, whose validity and reproducibility had been previously demonstrated. The novelty introduced by the present study would be a complete analysis of the effects of lifestyles (diet, sleep quality, physical exercise, perceived stress) on the periodontal status of the individual.
Evidence from randomized controlled trials shows that exercise during cancer treatment benefits physical fitness, fatigue and quality of life. Since the effect of exercise on clinical outcome is currently unknown, exercise is not included as integral part of standard cancer care. Moreover, evidence regarding the optimal exercise prescription in terms of type and dose is lacking. To maintain quality of life in patients receiving palliative treatment with chemotherapy, toxicity-induced modifications in the prescribed chemotherapy dose are common. Such modifications - occurring in 40% of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer - may reduce benefit of treatment. The investigators hypothesize that exercise prevents chemotherapy dose modifications by reducing toxicity and enhancing psychological strength. Additionally, based on studies in rodents and preliminary data in patients with cancer, the researchers hypothesize that exercise has beneficial effects on the functionality of the natural killer cells, which play an important role in the innate immune defense against cancer. Both, fewer dose modifications and improved immune function may improve progression-free survival. This study is a three-armed trial comparing resistance exercise, aerobic interval exercise and usual care in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer to select the optimal exercise prescription for preventing chemotherapy dose modifications. The trial will use a Bayesian adaptive multi-arm multi-stage design with several interim analyses after which an ineffective study arm can be dropped early. This novel design makes the trial more efficient and reduces patients' exposure to suboptimal study arms. Evidence regarding the exercise effects on i) clinical outcome, ii) the optimal exercise prescription, and iii) the underlying mechanisms, elucidates the potential of exercise to boost benefit from chemotherapy treatment. This evidence provides leads to improve progression-free survival and quality of life of patients suffering from one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide.
Rationale: Childhood cancer survivorship attracts attention globally, because successes in treatment have led to increasing number of survivors who reach adulthood, in which survivorship issues affecting health-related quality of life (HRQoL) become prominent. Most paediatric patients are treated intensively with irradiation and/or chemotherapy, which put them at risk for early and/or late adverse medical and psychosocial events. In contrast, much less is known about adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients, diagnosed between 18-39 years, who, with an 80% chance to survive, also have a long life ahead. AYA cancer patients, much more than children, suffer from delay in diagnosis, lack of centralization of care, ageadjusted expertise, and AYA follow-up care. AYAs typically present with a rare tumour: either with a paediatric malignancy (e.g. acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, paediatric brain tumours), a more typical tumour of AYA age (e.g. Hodgkin's disease, germ cell cancer, melanoma, thyroid cancer) or with an adult tumour at unusual young age (e.g. gastrointestinal, lung, breast carcinomas). Next to these differences in epidemiology, the tumour biology, developmental challenges (e.g. forming relationships, becoming financially independent, having children) and treatment regimens differ between AYAs and children, and therefore findings derived from childhood cancer survivors cannot be extrapolated to AYAs. Furthermore, novel treatments with targeted agents or immunotherapy are more likely to be administrated to AYAs compared to children. Finally, a rare group of incurable AYA cancer patients will survive for many years, for whom health outcome and supportive care intervention data are lacking. Globally, so far, the identification of AYA cancer patient subgroups that might be more susceptible to poor health outcomes has not been systematically addressed. The role of sociodemographic and treatment-associated risks, external exposures (e.g. lifestyle) and host factors (e.g. genetic, biological, physiological); or combinations of influences for impaired (agespecific) health outcomes, remains largely unknown. Understanding who is at risk and why will support the development of evidence-based AYA prevention, treatment and supportive care programs and guidelines, in co-creation with AYA cancer patients. Objective: To examine the prevalence, risk factors and mechanisms of impaired health outcomes (short- and long-term medical and psychosocial effects and late effects) over time among a population-based sample of AYA cancer patients. Study design: Prospective, observational cohort study Study population: All AYAs diagnosed (18-39 years at primary diagnosis) with cancer (any type) within the first 3 months after diagnosis (eligibility window of 1 month to ensure all eligible AYA cancer patients can be included) in one of the participating centres (or treated in one of these centres) in The Netherlands. Main study parameters/endpoints: The main outcomes are medical (e.g. second tumour; survival; fertility) and psychosocial (e.g. distress) health outcomes. Other study parameters (covariates/moderators/mediators) are characteristics of the individual (e.g. age, sex, cultural background, partner status, educational level, occupation, tumour type, disease stage, body composition, comorbid conditions, coping style), characteristics of the environment (e.g. cancer treatment, lifestyle), and genetic and biological factors (e.g. family history of cancer, stress and inflammation markers (e.g. cortisol, IL-6), microbiome). Nature and extent of the burden and risks associated with participation, benefit and group relatedness: On an individual level, patients who participate are asked to complete questionnaires on an annual basis for at least 10 years. All sample collections will take place at three time points: 0-3 months after diagnosis (baseline), 2 and 5 years; except blood for DNA analyses which will only take place at baseline. The collection of blood, hair and faeces at three occasions is minimally invasive and the risks of blood draws, hair and fecal sampling are negligible. All safety measures and procedures will be performed according to local guidelines. Patients will not experience direct benefit from participation in the COMPRAYA study. By participating, patients will contribute to a better insight in the prevalence of impaired medical and psychosocial (age-specific) health outcomes in AYA and evidence on factors associated with these health outcomes. This will lead to better and more personalized cancer care and supportive care tools for future AYA cancer patients.
CSIRO's Food Program has developed a novel vegetable-based Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (Omega 3)encapsulant to be used as ingredient in various food products, however, it is unknown whether the vegetable-based carrier matrix will affect omega-3 bioavailability. This project aims to compare the bioavailability of omega-3 from two test foods containing vegetable (cauliflower)-encapsulated algal oil (the "ingredient") against a control test product (algal oil gel capsules) across two ethnicities (Australian European vs. Chinese Singaporean).
With population aging, the number of older persons with cognitive impairments increases. Literature support the effectiveness of a lifestyle approach to promote the health of persons with cognitive impairment, as well as a Lifestyle Redesign intervention to improve the general health and quality of life of frail older adults. The investigators propose to combine a multi-modal cognitive intervention and lifestyle redesign approach to improve the cognitive health of older persons with cognitive impairments.
The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of chitosan diet supplementation to a placebo supplement on changes in gut microbiota, body weight and different health parameters among different population groups, being either obese (BMI 30-50) and undertaking major changes in lifestyle (patients) or being those not undergoing any major lifestyle changes (volunteers, BMI 18.5-35).
The aim of this study is to investigate dietary, lifestyle and psychosocial changes possibly occurred during Italy's lockdown, that is in the period of time between March 9 2020 and May 3 2020 (hereafter referred to as the Phase 1 lockdown) in two different populations: the Moli-sani Study cohort and the Italian general population.