View clinical trials related to Kidney Diseases.
Filter by:This study will assess the influence of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of a single dose of MDV3100 in male subjects. The study will consist of two treatment arms. Arm A will assess the influence of mild hepatic impairment, and Arm B will assess the influence of moderate hepatic impairment. Data obtained from subjects with hepatic impairment will be compared to data from Body Mass Index (BMI) and age-matched subjects with normal hepatic function.
Loss of kidney function results in accumulation in the blood of molecules that are either excreted or metabolized by the kidney. Collectively, these molecules are termed Uremic Retention Molecules (URMs) or toxins. It is increasingly recognized that colonic bacterial metabolites like p-cresyl sulfate and indoxyl sulfate that are absorbed from the colon and excreted by the kidney may contribute to the pool of compounds implied in uremic toxicity. Indeed, these URMs have been linked to increased levels of inflammation markers, chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, cardiovascular disease and overall mortality in CKD and/ or hemodialysis patients. Therefore, interventions that target the production or absorption of URMs from the gut might decrease inflammation and oxidative stress that are commonly seen in the uremic milieu. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (NHANES III) data show that high dietary fiber intake is associated with decreased serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in those with and without CKD and these associations are much stronger in the CKD population. A possible explanation of this effect is that a high fiber diet in CKD patients modulates the bacterial production, intestinal absorption and finally the serum levels of URMs like p-cresyl sulfate and indoxyl sulfate, which in turn results in decrease in inflammation. OBJECTIVES: Hypothesis: 1. Higher serum levels of markers of inflammation such as high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α seen in stage 4 CKD (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate 15-29 ml/min/1.73 m2) compared to stage 2 CKD (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate 60-89 ml/min/1.73 m2) is partly explained by the higher circulating levels of URMs (p-cresyl sulfate and indoxyl sulfate) in stage 4 CKD, and 2. Dietary supplementation in stage 4 CKD with 30g/d of a soluble fiber Psyllium (brand name-Metamucil TM) will decrease circulating URMs levels and thereby, decrease serum levels of inflammation markers and urinary levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, a marker of kidney fibrosis.
A central goal of this data repository is to collect data from a large population of subjects with a variety of renal disease states. Cohorts will include subjects with diabetes, inflammatory/autoimmune and transplant related renal conditions. Additionally, the repository will have the capacity to store biospecimens and electronic data in control subjects without established renal disease. This initiative will provide an opportunity to compare data from various disease states and controls with the objective of determining clinical and biological factors that predict disease progression, response to therapy and identify discriminating noninvasive clinical and biological features that predict renal biopsy findings.
The aim of this prospective, randomized, controlled study is to investigate the effect of pretreatment with intravenous Alprostadil on the incidence of CIN in a high-risk population of patients with both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and CKD undergoing coronary angiography, and evaluate the influence of such potential benefit on short-term outcome.
Primary objective was to assess in subjects with CKD: Safety and tolerability of molidustat (BAY 85-3934), effects of molidustat on non-invasive hemodynamics Secondary objectives were to assess: Effects on pharmacodynamic parameters of erythropoiesis (erythropoietin, reticulocytes, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit), pharmacokinetics of molidustat, exploratory biomarkers, ie, midregional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide, midregional pro-adrenomedullin, plasma renin activity, and optionally B-type natriuretic peptide, vascular endothelial growth factor, cyclic guanosine monophosphate, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and noradrenaline
Calcineurin Inhibitors (CNI) are drugs used to suppress the immune system when a person has a solid organ transplant. Although these drugs keep the transplanted organ from being rejected they are toxic to kidneys, or nephrotoxic. CNIs cause damage, called fibrosis, to kidneys. Fibrosis is a type of scarring that occurs in kidney tissue. Fibrosis can eventually lead to kidney failure. One of the pathways that cause fibrosis is a chronic lack of oxygen to the kidney tissue called "hypoxia". There is a protein called Nox2 that may be involved in how this hypoxia happens in the kidney. The Department of Medicine-Nephrology at the University of Wisconsin is conducting a research study to see how much of the Nox2 protein is present in kidneys that may have fibrosis caused by CNIs and whether a certain type of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can be used to tell in advance if the disease caused by CNIs is getting worse. Study hypothesis: MRI, a non-invasive technique, can be used to determine whether CNI induced kidney disease is getting worse. Additionally, the study aims to determine the role of Nox2 in CNI nephrotoxicity.
This study will compare the results of a clinically ordered abdominal CT angiography to a research non-contrast MR angiogram (MRA). CTA is a "gold-standard" for identifying blockages in the kidney arteries or other blood vessel problems. CTA requires radiation and contrast to obtain useful images. Conversely, the MR abdomen technique being used for the study uses no radiation or contrast and is felt to be a safer option for individuals who have kidney problems. there is benefit to establishing non-contrast MRA as a clinically accurate test.
The Objective is to determine if renal hypothermia during open partial nephrectomy results in improved post-operative renal function compared to warm ischemia. Primary Aim is to determine the effect of hypothermia on preservation of overall renal function compared to no hypothermia in patients who require hilar vessel clamping during open partial nephrectomy for a renal tumor. Hypothesis: Hypothermia will result in improved post-operative preservation of overall renal function. Secondary Aim is to determine the effect of hypothermia on preservation of affected renal function (kidney with the tumor) compared to no hypothermia in patients who require hilar vessel clamping during open partial nephrectomy for a renal tumor. Hypothesis: Hypothermia will result in improved post-operative preservation of affected renal function.
Molecular monitoring is conducted in blood cells, plasma samples, urine samples and/or tissue from patients after kidney transplantation. In the present study the investigators examine the hypothesis that noninvasive diagnostic molecular monitoring can improve the outcome after transplantation. Routine clinical and laboratory data from serum and urine are evaluated at baseline and after 0-1-2-3-4-12-16-52 weeks and 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10 years after kidney transplantation. Mononuclear cells were obtained from the blood and transcripts of several diagnostic genes (including GATA3 (Trans-acting T-cell-specific transcription factor3), GATA4 (Trans-acting T-cell-specific transcription factor4), GAPDH (Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase), TRPC3 (Transient receptor potential cononical type3), TRPC6 (Transient receptor potential cononical type6), granzyme B, perforin, FOXP3 (Forkhead box P3), ISG15 (Interferon-stimulated gene 15), Mx1 (Interferon-induced GTP-binding protein), MMP3 (Matrix metalloproteinase-3), MMP9 (Matrix metalloproteinase-9), long-non-coding RNA, and others) are quantified using standard quantitative RT-PCR (Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) techniques. Proteomic analysis were performed in plasma and urine samples. Polymorphisms of selected genes are analyzed using standard techniques. Data are analyzed by descriptive statistics. Differences between groups were analyzed using Mann-Whitney test or Kruskal-Wallis-test and Dunn's multiple comparison post-test, as appropriate. Associations between variables are analyzed using regression analyses. Contingency tables are analyzed using Fisher's exact test.
1. Chinese herb nephropathy (CHN), a kind of kidney failure caused by Chinese herbs, may be related to the a component called aristolochic acid (AA). 2. AA may form AA-DNA adducts and accumulate in the kidney and ureter and cause kidney failure and/or cancer 3. Different enzymes have been reported to detoxify plant alkaloids or other components. Genes that regulate the production of these metabolic enzymes may affect the chance of CHN. 4. By comparing the differences in the polymorphisms of these genes between patient with CHN and control, we may find the changes that play a significant genetic factors for CHN.