View clinical trials related to Infections.
Filter by:Polymyxin B is already being used extensively in the USA and other parts of the world; its use is likely to rapidly increase due to the greater burden of infections caused by MDR Gram-negative bacteria and the growing awareness of the limitations inherent in the clinical pharmacology of CMS/colistin. Cross resistance exists between the two polymyxins and thus both must be dosed optimally; but the recently generated scientifically-based dosage regimens for CMS/colistin cannot be extrapolated to polymyxin B. It is essential that an adequately powered study is conducted to define the clinical PK/PD/TD relationships of polymyxin B and identify, using next-generation proteomics, biomarkers for early detection of kidney injury. This will allow the development of scientifically-based dosage regimens for various categories of patients and an adaptive feedback control clinical tool for optimized dosing of polymyxin B in future individual patients.
The study will evaluate the safety and therapeutic efficacy of the human monoclonal antibody (mAb) VRC-HIVMAB060-00-AB (VRC01), when administered during analytic treatment interruption (ATI), in adults who began antiretroviral therapy (ART) during early acute HIV infection.
Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most common complication following major gastrointestinal surgery, affecting between 25-40% of patients. The rate of SSI doubles from low-income to high-income settings, persisting after risk adjustment. Investigating the diagnosis and treatment of SSIs remains a largely unaddressed global health priority. The impact of antibiotic resistant organisms and the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis are unknown. This study aims to determine SSI rates following gastrointestinal surgery across worldwide hospital settings.
The main objective is to determine the contribution of a clinical pathway to improve the effectiveness of medico-surgical management of hip prosthesis infections in terms of clinical cure. The hypothesis raised is that the implementation of a clinical pathway would improve the performance of the medical and surgical management of chronic infections of prosthetic hip.
Anti-HIV drugs cut down the number of serious infections that people with HIV get. However, some subjects taking anti-HIV drugs do not achieve adequate cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) recovery and decrease in elevated cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) cells. Such patients with a low CD4/CD8 ratio remain at risk for developing acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and non-AIDS-related complications. Two of the most important factors associated with low CD4/CD8 ratio include: the persistence of HIV on ART and inflammation. Metformin, the most widely used medication to treat type 2 diabetes, is well tolerated with minimal side effects. It has been linked to anti-aging and weight reducing properties in non-diabetic persons. Because of its ability to improve immune functions, metformin could be a promising addition to ART in HIV patients. It is also reported to change the composition of microbes in the gut which may improve inflammation. PURPOSES OF THE STUDY The purposes of this study are to find out if: 1. metformin can be combined with anti-HIV drugs to reduce the amount of hidden virus in the body; 2. metformin can be combined with anti-HIV drugs to improve immune function. 3. metformin can be combined with anti-HIV drugs to impact CD4 T cell count and CD4/CD8 T cell ratio during treatment and after its discontinuation 4. metformin can change the composition of the bacteria in the gut which may improve inflammation. For this purpose, the investigators will add metformin at the usual antidiabetic dose for 12 weeks for patients receiving stable ART, having a CD4/CD8 ratio below 0.7. Approximately 22 participants will be enrolled in this study at the Chronic Viral Illness Service of the McGill University Health Centre, the Ottawa Hospital and the Maple Leaf Medical Clinic (Toronto). This study will last about 24 weeks; metformin treatment will be for 12 weeks. In order to be eligible for the study, the participants must be 18 years of age or older, have an undetectable viral load (the quantity of the HIV virus in the blood must be less than 50 copies/ml) for at least 3 months and have a CD4/CD8 ratio of less than 0.7. All participants will also be asked to give blood and stool samples and optional colon mucosal biopsy samples (before and after metformin supplementation) to study the size of the viral reservoir and the amount of T cell activation and changes in gut microbiota composition.
Multicenter observational survey of the presence of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) on trans vaginal ultrasound (TVUS) probes, and of the behavior of professionals during US examination and probe disinfection. This will allow modeling the risk of HPV transmission, and could contribute establishing future guidelines for reducing the risk of transmission of microorganisms and the risk of infection through TVS.
The purpose of this study is to identify and provide immediate antiretroviral therapy to a cohort of HIV-infected individuals with very early HIV infection (estimated date of infection within the last 90 days). The primary aim of the study is to evaluate whether initiation of dolutegravir plus emtricitabine/tenofovir during acute/early HIV infection leads to protection of CD4+ T cells and other immune cells in the peripheral blood and lymphoid tissue from infection.
The purpose of this study is to determine in what way infections, microbiome, and vaccinations during childhood interact in shaping the development of immunity and tolerance. The investigators collect and use data from a birth cohort focusing on infectious diseases during childhood and apply a life course perspective.
VICTOR is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, 2-part study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antiviral effect of single and multiple dosing of AK0529 in infants hospitalized with RSV infection.
This is a study comparing two methods of dressing a post operative wound that are currently in practice. One method is a traditional dry gauze dressing. The other method is using a negative pressure dressing that provides gentle suction on the wound. The investigators will attempt to determine how well the use of post-operative negative pressure dressing reduces wound healing problems in patients who have surgery after radiation for a sarcoma in the thigh or leg.