View clinical trials related to Infection.
Filter by:The purpose of the study is to evaluate if surgical treatment of peri-implantitis with enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain®, EMD) will have an additional effect on the healing outcome, changes in the peri-implant microflora and on the inflammatory response in the periimplant pocket at 12 months.
This study will assess the safety, tolerability and efficacy of ceftazidime and avibactam (CAZ-AVI )versus cefepime in children from 3 months to less than 18 years old with complicated urinary tract infections.
The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that vaginal cleansing with povidone-iodine solution immediately prior to cesarean delivery reduces postcesarean infectious morbidity.
There is a growing incidence of sepsis and septic shock in people after surgery, for which there may be several reasons: more elderly people and more severe illnesses are entering operating theatres, more invasive systems are being used to take care of patients in intensive care units, etc... Sepsis and septic shock are the most prevalent illnesses which cause the highest mortality in intensive care units. The incidence of this illness is 500,000 / year in the USA, and 240-400 / 100,000 persons in Europe. So this is a subject of great interest in hospitals and also to the National Health System (to both health workers and the health authorities) as a lot of money is spent on this illness. Since the 19th century, ultraviolet rays have been known to be able to sterilize microorganisms (to kill them); yet no ultraviolet system machine has been on the market, until now, to control nosocomial infections. The Medixair system, which aims to do this, has recently come on to the market. It uses C-ultraviolet rays, which are the strongest kind of ultraviolet rays to kill microorganisms. Thus, it is of interest to know whether this system is good enough to lower infections in intensive care units. It is logical to believe that the the fewer the micro-organisms, the lower the possibilities of infection.
A study to investigate if inhaled Interferon beta-1a is safe and tolerated, and can prevent or reduce the severity of asthma attacks when administered to asthma patients at the onset of symptoms of common cold or influenza
Up to now, there is few randomized, large scale study prospectively and simultaneously comparing the efficacy, adverse effects and patient adherence of high-dose dual therapy (HDDT) and bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (BQT) as rescue regimens for H. pylori eradication. The aims of this study are: 1. to compare the efficacy of HDDT, and BQT as rescue regimen in H. pylori eradication; 2. to compare the patient adherence and adverse effects of these treatment regimens; 3. to investigate factors that may influence H. pylori eradication by these treatment regimens.
Surgical site infection (SSI) following spinal surgery is a frequent complication and results in higher morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. SSI following adult spinal surgery is a frequent complication that has been reported to occur in 0.7-12.0% of patients and result in higher postoperative morbidity, mortality and health care costs. Vanderbilt University Medical Center SSI rate is 7%. Treatment for SSI can be challenging often requiring revision surgery, long-term antibiotics, and prolonged hospitalization. The accurate identification of risk factors is thus important in the development of strategies to prevent these potentially devastating infections. This study proposes a randomized, controlled trial of neuro-spine patients of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate skin preparation cloths for the prevention of post op surgical site infections in spine patients. Use of CHG cloths the night before and morning of surgery (neckline to toes) will affect (decrease rates) of SSI compared to patients who receive routine standard of care (soap and water pre-op, day of surgery and daily post-operative).
This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir with or without dasabuvir in adults with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1a (GT1a) or genotype 4 (GT4) infection and with severe kidney impairment or end-stage kidney disease.
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) fixed dose combination (FDC) with or without ribavirin (RBV) in Egyptian adults with chronic genotype 4 hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.
Suriname is a small developing country in South America with a population of half a million people. Early neonatal death in Suriname is high with 16 per 1000 live births. Unpublished data from the Suriname Perinatal and Infant Mortality Survey estimate contribution of infection to early neonatal mortality at 25% (4 per 1000 live births) of all deaths. In comparison, incidence rates of neonatal sepsis alone are 3.5 per 1000 live births. These numbers indicate an increased burden of neonatal infection in Suriname versus the U.S. In any case about 40 newborns that die each year of infection are a huge loss, also considering the small Surinamese community. Despite this overall idea on the impact of infectious disease in Surinamese neonates exact information regarding incidence, type of infection (e.g., localized, viral, early-onset or late-onset sepsis), risk factors (e.g., insufficient antenatal care, maternal Group B-Streptococcus status), etiology, microbial causes, morbidity, antibiotic treatment (type and duration), and epidemiological determinants (e.g., gestational age, sex, ethnicity) are lacking. From a clinical perspective, there is still a challenge to identify neonates with infection. Neonates are often admitted with ambivalent clinical symptoms and receive preventive antibiotics that are costly, promote pathogen-resistance, and have negative long-term effects (i.e., on the development of the intestinal bacterial flora). Currently, assessment of blood leukocyte or trombocyte counts and levels of CRP are insufficiently sensitive to be used as biomarkers, while confirmation of actual sepsis or meningitis by positive culture results is relatively rare (0.5-3% in the United States). This complicates decisions on duration of antibiotic treatment and hospitalization significantly, while no other biomarkers exist. The circulating isoforms of adhesion molecules (cAMs), which mediate interactions of leukocytes with the vascular endothelium, have been proposed as biomarkers for infection and sepsis. During infection they accumulate in the bloodstream as a result of shedding, which represents their removal from cell surfaces of endothelial cells and leukocytes by enzymes called sheddases. Recently, we have reviewed mechanisms behind shedding of cAMs in neonatal, pediatric and adult sepsis. The shedding process reflects a critical and active process in orchestrating interaction between leukocytes and the endothelium for an effective host response, while minimizing collateral tissue damage. As a result, both plasma levels of cAMs and their sheddases are subject to change during infection and sepsis. Additionally, compelling, albeit limited, data suggest changes of levels of cAMs in CSF in adult and pediatric meningitis. To date, some evidence exists of changes in levels of cAMs during malaria (in children from Malawi) and sepsis, although not sensitive enough to predict outcomes in the clinic. Those levels have never been assessed simultaneously with levels of their sheddases in blood or CSF as a diagnostic tool. We propose that this combined approach may provide more detailed information about the extent of inflammatory activation in neonates.While a balance in levels is maintained under resting conditions or mild (local) infection, it may be perturbed during sepsis or meningitis . Thus, simultaneous measurement of these levels could promote early identification of infection, and may even distinguish between mild infection, systemic infection or meningitis. Currently, manufacturers are rapidly developing Luminex® technology as an advanced, fast, high-throughput and clinically feasible bedside tool for such an approach. We hypothesize that incidence rates of neonates with infection in Suriname are high. We further hypothesize that, upon signs of infection, the simultaneous measurement of cAMs and their SEs in serum and CSF discriminates between infected and non-infected neonates. We aim to: 1) identify and follow neonates at the Academic Hospital Paramaribo with signs of infection to establish incidence rates of infection, and 2) investigate diagnostic potential of our proposed biomarker combination in these neonates for infection, type of infection (e.g., local (mild), sepsis or meningitis) and outcomes.