View clinical trials related to Heart Valve Diseases.
Filter by:Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) disease is the most frequent congenital cardiac malformation, occurring in 0.5-1.2% of the US population. In young adults, it is generally a benign abnormality; but in older adults it is associated with thoracic aortic aneurysm or dissection in 20-30% of those with BAV. BAV is strongly associated with early development of aortic valve calcification or incompetence in >50% of BAV patients, and accounts for ~40% of the >30,000 aortic valve replacements (AVR) performed in the US each year. Yet, we know little of the etiology, cellular events and modifiers of progression of BAV to calcific aortic valve disease and we still do not understand the genetic cause(s) of BAV despite evidence for its high heritability. The Specific Aims of this study are: 1. To identify the genetic causes of bicuspid aortic valve disease and its associated thoracic aortic disease. 2. To identify potential pathways to predict the clinical course of BAV disease and for treating human BAV disease. To achieve these aims, we have created the International Bicuspid Aortic Valve Consortium (BAVCon), a consortium of institutions with cohorts of BAV patients and the expertise to fulfill the performance of these aims.
This is a single-center, open-label, randomized controlled trial. Patients scheduled for aortic valve replacement (AVR) at Karolinska University Hospital in Stockholm, Sweden will be eligible. Forty patients will be randomly assigned to either minimally invasive (20 patients) or conventional AVR (20 patients). CE-marked and FDA-approved mechanical and bioprosthetic aortic valves (conventional stented or sutureless bioprostheses) will be implanted. Transthoracic echocardiography will be performed before surgery, and at day 1, 4, and 40. Echocardiographic parameters as well as preoperative clinical characteristics and postoperative clinical outcomes will be registered. Routine blood sampling will be performed pre- and postoperatively. All available data will be collected prospectively. Informed consent will be obtained from patients meeting the inclusion criteria before the initiation of any study-specific procedures.
Strategies for myocardial protection during open heart surgeries are desired. Several experimental studies have shown beneficial effects of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC). The underlying mechanisms are not totally understood. This study intends to evaluate molecular mechanisms involved with RIPC on myocardium of patients underwent open heart surgeries.
1. Title: Clinical study of the relationship between Pharmacogenomics and warfarin dose in Chinese patients 2. Drug: Warfarin 3. Design: To value the accuracy of warfarin Pharmacogenomics algorithm by the algorithm calculated dose and actual dose in the Chinese patients. 4. Hypothesis:Pharmacogenomic algorithm guided dose can help to predict warfarin dose in Chinese patients.
The purpose of this study is primarily to determine the effects of propofol at different concentration on the mitral valve annulus by using Tissue Doppler Imaging
Hyperlactatemia, occuring 10-20% in patients undergoing valvular heart surgery, is known to be associated with hemodynamic instability, organ dysfunction and increased postoperative morbidity and mortality. Glucose-Insulin-Potassium(GIK) has been constantly used as an adjuvant therapy in patients with myocardial infarction or in the patients undergoing valvular heart surgery to reduce the low cardiac output syndrome and mortality. GIK is known to prevent excretion of lactate and to increase the extraction of lactate after reperfusion with various mechanism. In addition, it is also known to decrease ischemic-reperfusion injury of myocardium after CPB, to improve myocardial contractility, insulin resistance and hyperglucemia. As a result, it brings hemodynamic stability and sufficient oxygen supply to the tissue, which might reduce the incidence of hyperlactatemia after valvular heart surgery.
Bicuspid Aortic Valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart malformation in adults, but very little is known about the genetic causes or risk factors for adverse outcomes. Currently, it is estimated that most cases of aortic stenosis in patients less than 65 years old are caused by BAVs. BAV patients are also at high risk to develop aneurysms of the ascending aorta, which may lead to aortic dissections. Dr. Prakash and his colleagues plan to use individual genetic information to identify persons with BAV who are at high risk for complications and to customize therapies.
Objectives: Goal of the study is to investigate the potential benefit that transcatheter interventions such as Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI), MitraClip, Left Atrial Appendage Closure and catheter Ablation can gain from multimodal image fusion techniques as they are available in the Hybrid suite. Both the HeartNavigator and the EchoNav aim at decreasing the exposure to radiation and contrast agent, to shorten the operation time (efficacy), and to increase the quality of care (safety). This pilot study aims at observing these aims on a small patient population and a control group. Number of Subjects: 140 patients total in 6 groups: - MitraClip, Left Atrial Appendage Closure or catheter Ablation with EchoNav (20, lead-in stage). - MitraClip randomized with EchoNav (25), MitraClip randomized without EchoNav (25). - TAVI with HeartNavigator lead in (10) - TAVI randomized with HeartNavigator (30), TAVI randomized without HeartNavigator (30).
The purpose of this study is to determine Isoflurane's dose-dependent effect on left ventricular (LV) systolic function in cardiac surgery. The change of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) of lateral mitral valve annular systolic velocity at three different isoflurane concentrations would be analyzed by using intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in cardiac surgery patients.
This study examines the hemodynamic and hemolytic properties of two additional smaller size valves to the On-X line of valves already approved by FDA.