View clinical trials related to Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2.
Filter by:Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant contributor to adverse obstetric and perinatal outcome. There is now clear and unequivocal evidence that adverse pregnancy outcomes are strongly linked to maternal hyperglycemia, both in the peri-conception period and throughout gestation. Although strict glycemic control does improve outcomes, there is still a higher rate of complications in women with DM and poorer perinatal outcomes . The incidence of type 2 diabetes is rising worldwide at a remarkable rate IDF When receiving large doses of insulin, patients complain of pain at the site of injection leading to compliance issues and poor glycemic control. This can be explained as when taking large doses of insulin it leads to alter absorption kinetics because very large doses are delivered to one site, resulting in a failure to reduce postprandial hyperglycemia, but with later hypoglycemia once the insulin is absorbed. This poor glycemic control in mothers with diabetes leads to an increased risk of severe respiratory distress syndrome, low Apgar scores, neonatal hypoglycemia and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions . Infants of mothers with diabetes have high rates of being born large for gestational age (LGA) and macrosomic (>4 or 4.5 kg). Macrosomia is associated with increased rates of perinatal asphyxia, meconium aspiration, hypoglycemia, shoulder dystocia, brachial plexus injury, skeletal injuries, and fetal death . Metformin is among the oldest and most well studied oral anti hyperglycemic agents. Its efficacy has been demonstrated both in the primary prevention of disease and secondary prevention of diabetes-related morbidity and mortality. Because of metformin's proven efficacy, low cost, and minimal side effect profile, it is largely recommended as the first line, initial monotherapy and as part of any combination therapy (included with insulin) for the treatment and prevention of type II diabetes . Metformin produces euglycemia by reducing insulin resistance, improving insulin sensitivity, reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis, and increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.
The investigators will test the hypothesis that, in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonism (GLP-1RA, i.e. dulaglutide) and exercise training each enhance insulin-mediated skeletal muscle microvascular perfusion via attenuating endothelial oxidative stress and thereby improving endothelial function.
The study compares two semaglutide medicines and looks at how well they control blood sugar levels, in participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Participants will either get the currently available semaglutide or the semaglutide which is produced through a new manufacturing process. Participants need to take one injection of semaglutide once a week, on the same day of every week. Participants will have a total of 11 clinic visits and the study will last for about 35 weeks (approximately 8 months).
Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects roughly 8% of pregnancies and is associated with significant perinatal and maternal morbidity. Current obstetric practice is complicated by the emergence of the SARS-COV-2 pandemic, resulting in morbidity and mortality secondary to complications of COVID-19. Care coordination among the teams caring for women admitted for antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum care with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 is required to conserve PPE and minimize staff exposure. The investigators propose a pilot proof of concept randomized study to evaluate the utility of Dexcom-G6 continuous glucose monitors for assessment of glycemic control in pregnant and postpartum women with insulin-requiring diabetes mellitus during hospitalizations, as a proof of concept in the efforts to reduce the number of point of care glucose tests needed, reduce staff exposure, and conserve PPE use.
NuRISH is a suite of clinical trials for children from low-income families which will determine whether primary healthcare prescription for: 1) Optimal breastfeeding with support from a mobile lactation consultant vs. usual care and 2) High-quality childcare starting at 1 year vs. usual care can prevent childhood obesity, and improve cardiovascular, developmental and mental health at 2 years of age.
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) escalate remarkably worldwide and obesity becomes an epidemic disease. This study is interested in how the model of Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD) influence individual's health status as they reach young adulthood. Since the mothers from HAPO study have not been subjected to antenatal treatment on the various degree of maternal hyperglycaemia in pregnancy, this would be an unique cohort that allows determination of the effect of various degree of maternal hyperglycaemia below the level of overt DM, on children's cardiometabolic risk in Chinese population.
The most common endocrine illness in children and adolescents is type 1 diabetes. It is distinguished by a lack of insulin synthesis and necessitates daily insulin injections to keep glucose levels under control. As a result, there are numerous medical approaches to its management, such as levels of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) as a marker of glycemic control during the previous three months and monitoring of blood glucose levels, which affect the patient's mental health and quality of life. Type 1 diabetes complications and poor quality of life are widespread. Diabetes therapy is difficult during puberty and adolescence. Adolescents with T1D have poor metabolic control and a higher rate of acute complications. Because the onset of adolescence is frequently associated with decreased adherence to therapy and an increased risk of psychological illnesses.
Ketones are a source of energy and signaling molecule that are produced by the body when not consuming any food or consistently eating a low-carbohydrate "keto" diet. Blood ketones can be used as a source of energy by the body, but they may also act as signals that impact how different cells in the body function. Recently, ketone supplements have been developed that can be consumed as a drink. These supplements can raise blood ketones without having to fast or eat a "keto" diet. Previous studies have shown that these supplement drinks can lower blood sugar without having to make any other dietary changes. Drinking these ketone supplements may therefore be an effective strategy to improve blood sugar control and influence how cells function. To find out if it is feasible for people with type 2 diabetes to drink these ketones supplements regularly over 90 days, we will compare between two groups in this study: one group that will be asked to drink ketone supplements, and one group that will be asked to drink a placebo supplement.
Type 1 diabetes is the most common endocrine disorder in children and adolescents. It is characterised by a deficiency in insulin synthesis and requires daily insulin injections to manage glucose levels. Therefore, there are numerous medical approaches to its therapy, such as levels of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) as a marker of glycaemic control during the last 3 months and monitoring of blood glucose levels, influencing the mental health and the quality of life of the patient and family. Hens, the importance of the psychological adjustment to children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes besides insulin injection, adequate diet and regular exercise rises, in order to maintain stable psychological status and functional mental health, and prevent psychological disorders such as anxiety, depression and sleep disorders. Approaching the comorbidity in these children and adolescents starts with the diagnosis and with the health changes in all aspects.
With the development of China's economy, people's living standard have improved, and the dietary structure have changed. Metabolic diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperuricemia and obesity have gradually become an important health burden in China. The pathophysiological mechanism of renal injury caused by metabolic diseases has always been a hotspot of research. Currently, it is believed that various mechanisms including the activation of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, vascular endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammatory process may be involved. Although there are differences in renal pathological manifestations caused by different metabolic diseases, the kidney will eventually present ischemic changes and fibrosis with the progression of the disease. So there must be some common pathogenesis. This study is designed to build a disease cohort of patients with chronic kidney disease caused by metabolic diseases, to identify risk factors leading to disease progression and to explore biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment of kidney damage.