View clinical trials related to Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2.
Filter by:Modern phacoemulsification techniques have made cataract surgery safe and efficient over the past several decades. Although the phacoemulsification procedure has improved greatly, cataract surgery still involves trauma. One of the surgical traumas during cataract surgery is the direct trauma of the anterior uvea, resulting in a later chronic immune reaction of the uvea to the implanted intraocular lens (IOL). 1 The breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier (a measure of the uveal reaction) clinically presents as flare in the anterior chamber. 2 Petternel et al. 3 explained that the protein content of the aqueous humor may mainly arise from the iris root and iris vessels in the anterior chamber. The peak of this flare and cell intensity in the anterior chamber was shown to be reached during the first two days after cataract surgery 4 and flare levels were back to the preoperative values about one year after cataract surgery. 5, 6 Influencing factors are surgical technique 7, perioperative treatment 8, IOL biomaterial and design 9 and host reaction to the IOL. In this study the otherwise same IOL concerning material and design, but one with a new surface modification will be compared to assess the influence on aqueous flare and cell intensity in the anterior chamber. The Polylens (Polytech, Rossdorf, Germany) is a hydrophobic acrylic single-piece open-loop IOL and is available with the standard surface and a novel modified surface. To assess the efficacy of the newly modified surface of the Polylens IOL compared to the same IOL without a modified surface concerning flare and cell intensity in the anterior chamber as well as cellular components on the IOL surface and lens epithelial out-growth from the rhexis after cataract surgery in eyes of patients with diabetes mellitus and pseudoexfoliation syndrome, which typically have a higher incidence of post-operative intra-ocular inflammation.
The purpose of this study is to measure the beneficial effects of an optimized berries extracts on diabetes and cardiovascular diseases prevention. Our hypothesis is that including a polyphenol rich berries extract in daily feeding will improve insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, pancreatic β-cells function, lipids and inflammatory profile, and oxidative stress markers.
This trial is conducted in Europe. The aim of the trial is to investigate the bioequivalence (assessment of the expected biological equivalence of two pharmaceutical drug products with identical active ingredient) between subcutaneous injections of semaglutide produced by two manufacturing processes.
Probiotics, which are believed to be health promoting live microorganisms, have been reported to influence circulating endotoxin levels. Ingestion of the live cultures may alter gut mircobiota in a beneficial manner to reduce inflammation; although their mechanism and influence to reduce inflammation in T2DM is not established for this disease state. Therefore, the aim of this study is to (1) characterize the beneficial effects of probiotics on circulating endotoxin levels and other biomarkers related to systemic low-grade inflammation in patients with T2DM; (2) Compare circulating endotoxin levels and inflammatory cytokine levels between patients treated with probiotics or placebo to examine the beneficial effects of probiotics on reducing the inflammatory status, through assessment of systemic markers (adipokines, endotoxin, cytokines); (3) to examine the effects of probiotics on gut microflora in order to understand the mechanism for such change in inflammatory status. To achieve this, 120 consenting adult Saudis, naïve or newly diagnosed T2DM patients without co-morbidities, will be enrolled in this clinical trial and randomized to receive twice-daily placebo or probiotics for 26 weeks in a double-blind manner. Glycemic inflammatory markers will be measured and fecal samples analysed, interventions will be done at baseline, 4, 8, 12 and 26 weeks. It is envisaged that probiotics will induce beneficial changes in gut mircobiota, reduce the systemic inflammatory state through altering systemic endotoxin levels and, as such, reduce the systemic inflammatory response observed in T2DM subjects. This will have a fundamental impact on how we should treat the inflammatory component of T2DM, particularly once the results are verified in a larger cohort of patients, as this could have very dramatic effects on how we treat patients with T2DM. Reducing the pathogenesis of T2DM by dampening the inflammatory response, which may also impact on insulin resistance status and health of the individual, will have clear benefits. This could have profound effects on preventative T2DM management, as well as current T2DM care without excessive cost for the wider Saudi health economy.
The most important cause of mortality amongst DM2 patients is cardiovascular disease. An early finding of cardiovascular disease in DM2 and obesity is diastolic dysfunction. Diastolic dysfunction is an independent predictor of mortality and has been shown to improve in patients on a low calorie diet. The improvement of diastolic function was associated with a reduction in triglyceride accumulation in the heart and liver. A relatively new widely prescribed therapeutic agent for DM2 patients is Liraglutide (Victoza®). Liraglutide is a Glucagon Like Peptide - 1 homologue that improves glucose homeostasis and reduces blood pressure and body weight. Next to the induction of weight loss, which is potentially beneficial for cardiac function, GLP-1 therapy might have a direct advantageous effect on the cardiovascular system. However, the effect of Liraglutide on cardiovascular function has not been investigated yet. The investigators hypothesize that treatment of DM2 patients with Liraglutide is associated with improvement of cardiovascular function and a reduction of triglyceride accumulation in end-organs.
The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of training on the exercise capability, balance performance, and microcirculation. Furthermore, to search the possible underlying mechanisms.
Background: Physicians´ lack of knowledge contributes to underuse of insulin and poor glycemic control in adults with diabetes mellitus (DM). Traditional continuing medical education have limited efficacy, so new approaches are required. Objective: We report the design of a trial to assess the educational efficacy of InsuOnline©, a game for education of primary care physicians (PCPs) on initiation and adjustment of insulin for the treatment of DM, which was designed to be: a) educationally adequate; and b) self-motivating and attractive. Methods: A multidisciplinary team, with endocrinologists, experts in medical education, and programmers, was assembled for design and development of InsuOnline©, a serious game which includes game elements and a well-defined, evidence-based curriculum of topics on insulin therapy. The first step of our study will be usability and playability tests, with PCPs and medical students, playing the game on a desktop. After that and further adjusts, we will perform an unblinded randomized controlled trial, with PCPs who work in the city of Londrina, to assess the educational validity of the game. A group of 64 PCPs will play InsuOnline© on the web, and the control group, of 64 PCPs, will underwent traditional teaching activities (lecture and group discussion). Knowledge on how to initiate and adjust insulin will be assessed by a web-based multiple-choice questionnaire, and attitudes regarding diabetes/insulin will be assessed by Diabetes Attitude Scale 3, at 3 time points: before, immediately after, and 6 months after the intervention. Subjects´ general impressions on the interventions will also be assessed by free-text questions. Software logs will be reviewed.
This study is designed to assess the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of multiple oral 200-mg doses of Pf-05175157 administered twice daily for 14 days in healthy overweight and obese subjects.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of three Bayer Blood Glucose Monitoring Systems (BGMS) with neonatal blood. Blood samples used in this study were 'left-over samples'. The blood samples were from heel sticks of neonates, collected (into a tube) and sent to the laboratory. All meter Blood Glucose (BG) results were compared with capillary plasma results obtained with a reference laboratory glucose method (Cobas® 6000 instrument).
Sedentary behavior is associated with an increased risk of mortality and many health conditions including type 2 diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome, independent of the time spent in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA). Furthermore, independent of total sedentary time and MVPA, Healy et al. observed that individuals who had more breaks in sedentary time had lower 2-h plasma glucose. Recent experimental findings also suggests that breaking up prolonged bouts of sedentary behavior (≥ 20 minutes) with either light or moderate intensity activity for 2 minutes reduces postprandial glucose and insulin responses.10 Replacing sedentary time with light-intensity activity or nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) may help to reduce the health consequences of sedentary behavior. The purpose of this study is to develop a smartphone application (NEAT!) to encourage sedentary adults with diabetes to increase breaks in prolonged bouts of sedentary behavior objectively measured by an accelerometer. NEAT! will be refined by modifying technology created for the ENGAGED trial (RC1DK087126) and will work in conjunction with a Bluetooth enabled accelerometer that can detect bouts of sedentary behavior. When a sedentary bout (≥ 20 minutes) is detected, the smartphone application will trigger a reminder prompt to the user encouraging him/her to participate in NEAT for at least 2 minutes. Following the development, testing, and refining of the application, a sample of 10 sedentary adults with type 2 diabetes will be recruited to participate in a one month trial to examine the feasibility and acceptability of NEAT!. To our knowledge, this is the first study to design and examine the acceptability of a smartphone application that will target interrupting sedentary behavior with NEAT using objectively measured sedentary time in a diabetic population.