View clinical trials related to Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2.
Filter by:Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a serious health problem that has increased dramatically worldwide due to the high and increasing prevalence of obesity. Medical management of T2DM is of limited success. Because not well controlled T2DM patients are in high risk of blindness, cardiovascular accident and end staged disease, T2DM has become a major health burden for society. Recent data on the relative effectiveness of gastrointestinal metabolic surgery played as bariatric surgery in the remission of T2DM, suggests that it may be significantly more effective than current medical treatment. In considering that less than half of the T2DM patients can achieve satisfactory treatment goal under current medical treatment, gastrointestinal metabolic surgery shall play an important role in T2DM treatment in the future. However, the indication for metabolic surgery and clinical predictors of success are not clear now. These clinical predictors can help us to choose appropriate not-well controlled T2DM patients to receive metabolic surgery and reduce dverse health outcomes in those patients.
The aim The aim of the present study is: 1. The metabolic risk factors that can predict diabetes after 10 years in a Circassians population-based sample of people who were aged 35 years or older and living in Israel. 2. To define the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Circassians minority in Israel. The hypothesis of the study: High fasting glucose has the most powerful predictive value for type 2 diabetes mellitus in the future. The claimed importance of the study: Finding a powerful risk factor for future diabetes mellitus can contribute to intensifying the preventive measures in a small part of the population, by that to reduce the incidence of new diabetes without increasing the health cost.
It is reported that pancreatic beta cell function is already declined at pre-diabetic stage, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). It has not been clarified whether inhibitors of the dipeptidyl peptidase IV enzyme (DPP-IV inhibitors) improve beta cell function on human pancreas, however, if efficacy is ensured, they may become the first medicine to be chosen for treatments of type 2 diabetes and IGT. In this trial, a DPP-IV inhibitor, Alogliptin, or Metformin are given to diabetic patients whose HbA1c level is below 7.9%. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) will be conducted before, a year after, and two years after the beginning of the trial and beta cell function will be evaluated.
Insulin therapy with lispro mix 50/50 t.i.d. is a treatment with a single insulin device. The management is comparatively simple and easy, but the curative effect is promising. It is also reported that noninferiority has been observed between basal/bolus therapy (BBT) and prandial premixed therapy (PPT, lispro mix 50/50 t.i.d.). The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether change of insulin therapy from BBT (long-acting insulin at bedtime plus mealtime rapid-acting insulin) or analog insulin therapy t.i.d. (including therapies with aspart mix 70/30 and lispro mix 75/25) to lispro mix 50/50 t.i.d. improves glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Chlorella, a type of unicellular fresh water algae, has been a popular foodstuff in Asia, especially in Taiwan. Recent studies have shown the hypoglycemic effects of Chlorella through increasing glucose uptake in the liver and muscle, lowering serum free fatty acid levels, or activation of PPAR gamma receptor. However, the hypoglycemic effect in diabetic patients have not been studied. In order to clarify the hypoglycemic effects and mechanism of Chlorella in diabetic patients, the investigators conducted a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-control trial on diabetic patients.
The primary purpose of the study is to investigate allele frequencies of candidate genes in Chinese diabetic patients with or without known diabetic retinopathy. Two hundred Chinese diabetic patients, aged between 20 - 75 years old, who have received ophthalmic fundus examination (either by an ophthalmoscope or fundus camera) within 6 months before the study will be recruited for the study. Each subject will receive anthropometric and blood pressure measurements. Then, fasting blood samples will be taken for the measurements of glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile, and biochemistry. An additional 10 ml blood sample will be taken for DNA extraction from buffy coat. Meanwhile, the participant will receive structural questionnaires for demography, personal history, medical history and concomitant medication. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes and in targeted chromosome regions will be genotyped by using the ABI TaqMan assays. The differences in the distribution of genotypes and alleles between the study groups will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. Through the study, the investigators hope to build up a platform for future large-scale genetic studies of diabetic retinopathy. The investigators also hope to set up priority of candidate loci for future studies.
The purpose of this study is to test whether anakinra is able to reduce insulin resistance. This will be tested in overweighted type I diabetes mellitus patients, which have no residual beta-cell function. By using this patient group, all positive effects on glycemic control should be the consequence of improved insulin sensitivity.
Background: The reactive hyperemia-peripheral artery tonometry (RH-PAT) is a newly developed method for noninvasive endothelial function assessment. Objective: The goal of this study is to determine whether a significant difference in RH-PAT score is present between adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in comparison with controls. We will also compare RH-PAT scores in obese adolescents versus controls.
Glibenclamide is metabolized by the hepatic enzyme P450 CYP2C9 to less active form. Polymorphism of this enzyme demonstrated clinical significance when examined on other drugs from the sulfonylurea drug family, to whom Glibenclamide is included. The investigators assumption is that patients with less active alleles of the enzyme may show lower dose requirements of the drug for glycemic control, when compared to patients homozygotes to wild-type alleles.
The purpose of this study is to learn about the safety of islet transplantation when performed after kidney transplantation, which may provide more normal control of blood sugar without the need for insulin shots. Islets are special clusters of cells within the pancreas that produce insulin. These cells will be obtained from cadaver (non-living) donors and given to subjects by vein.