View clinical trials related to Dexmedetomidine.
Filter by:Studies have shown that intravenous infusion and nebulized dexmedetomidine can improve lung function in mechanically ventilated patients, including those with preoperative COPD, exerting lung protection. However, these studies are based on mechanical ventilation patients under general anesthesia, and more intuitive research is needed on whether dexmedetomidine can also exercise pulmonary precaution in awake patients. Pulmonary function monitoring is the most direct way to evaluate changes in lung function in awake patients. Portable pulmonary function machines can assess lung function in a variety of settings. In addition, compared with intravenous administration, nebulized inhalation administration directly acts on the mucosa of the respiratory tract, does not involve invasive operations, and has higher safety and comfort. Therefore, this study intends to use portable pulmonary function instruments and non-invasive ambulatory respiratory monitors to evaluate the effect of nebulized dexmedetomidine on lung function in COPD patients to guide the perioperative management of COPD patients.
Perioperative anesthesia can affect postoperative cognitive function. In our previous study, intraoperative dexmedetomidine (Dex) infusion reduced the incidence of delirium within the first 5 days after brain tumor. However, the mechanism is still unclear. With the development of neuroimaging, multimodal neuroimaging technology provide a new method to explore the underlying mechanism. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the alterations of brain network under sedation and anesthesia by different anesthetics in patients with supratentorial glioma and their association with cognition.
The aim of the present study is to compare the analgesic efficacy of Dexmedetomidine, Ozone and Dexamethasone regional injection in carpal tunnel syndrome.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of adding aminophylline to dexmedetomidine intravenous infusion intraoperatively on oxygenation and lung mechanics in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine and propofol on decreasing stress in mechanically ventilated patients by using salivary alpha-amylase as a stress marker.
Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis may need surgery to correct their scoliosis. General anesthesia is required for this surgery, and a multimodal analgesic regimen using combinations of opioid and non-opioid medications is the standard of care. The purpose of this study is to compare two combinations of total intravenous anesthetic medications in children with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis having posterior spinal fusion surgery. Participants in the study will be randomly selected to receive either Propofol and Remifentanil or Propofol and Dexmedetomidine as their total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). TIVA is favored over gas anesthesia because gas anesthesia can affect the neurological monitoring necessary for this surgery. The first combination (Propofol + Remifentanil) is the most common one used for this surgery at our institution, and the second combination (Propofol + Dexmedetomidine) is more commonly used in adult spine surgery. Though Dexmedetomidine is not approved for pediatric use by the FDA, it is widely used in pediatric patients for procedural sedation and surgical anesthesia in the US and worldwide. Both anesthetic combinations are used safely in adult and pediatric patients at our institution. Although remifentanil works fast and is an excellent pain medication during surgery, there are reports that it's use can cause increased pain sensitivity and greater need for narcotic pain medication after surgery. This phenomenon is known as opioid-induced hyperalgesia. The investigators hypothesize that avoiding the use of remifentanil in the TIVA by using dexmedetomidine could avoid OIH and thus result in superior postop pain control. Our study's primary goal is to measure the total opioid consumption on postoperative days (POD)# 0 and 1. Our secondary goals are to measure the pain scores on a visual analog scale (VAS) on POD# 0 and 1, measure the time it takes for participants to move their feet to command when surgery is done, and measure the time it takes for participants to be extubated when surgery is done. By comparing these measurements, the investigators hope to find out if there is any significant difference between the two TIVAs in terms of postop opioid requirements, pain scores, and time to wake up from anesthesia. The investigators hope that our study gives us more knowledge on how to better treat postoperative pain in children who have spine surgery to correct their
An open-label, randomized, active control inpatient trial to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of sublingual dexmedetomidine for the treatment of agitation in inpatients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder as measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale - Excited Component (PANSS-EC) and Agitation-Calmness Evaluation Scale (ACES). Lorazepam will serve as the active control.
The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of airway topical anesthesia with nebulization to the spray-as-you-go technique using dexmedetomidine and lidocaine mixture to achieve upper airway anesthesia in TMJ ankylosis patients.
Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) refers to pain that occurs or increases after surgery and lasts longer than 3 months. Severe acute postoperative pain is one of the major risk factors of CPSP. Spinal correction surgery is associated with severe pain due to large trauma and long duration. Ketamine and esketamine are N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists; they have antihyperalgesic effects and may reduce CPSP. Dexmedetomidine is an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist with sedative, anxiolytic, and analgesic effect; it is frequently used as an adjuvant to postoperative analgesia. In a previous trial of 200 patients after scoliosis correction surgery, mini-dose esketamine-dexmedetomidine in combination with opioids significantly improved analgesia and sleep quality but did not reduce CPSP. The authors speculate that increasing esketamine dose in the combination may further improve analgesia and, therefore, reduce the occurrence of CPSP.
Ambulatory surgery is increasingly used in anesthesia. In case of general anesthesia, it is recommended to use anesthesia molecules with a short half-life and low doses of opiates to ensure a rapid awakening and to prevent nausea and vomiting by systematic administration of anti-emetics during the operation. Opiates (including sufentanil) have recently been called into question because of the nausea and vomiting and the delay in waking up induced by these molecules. To combat these side effects, the authors have proposed either to reduce the doses or to substitute them with dexmedetomidine, a sedative antihypertensive drug. Recent studies have demonstrated that opiates used in general anesthesia can be replaced by dexmedetomidine. However, literature data are controversial concerning the hemodynamic impact. No study has compared the hemodynamic profile of opioid-free anesthesia with dexmedetomidine versus conventional anesthesia with opioids. The ambulatory context lends itself to the use of dexmedetomidine because it is aimed at a population without strong cardiac pathology, concerns non-major interventions, with the need to optimize pain and side effects. The study authors therefore wish to compare the effects of induction of general anesthesia with low-dose Dexmedetomidine versus sufentanil, on post-induction hemodynamic stability in scheduled outpatient surgeries. The investigators hypothesize that hemodynamic stability at induction of general anesthesia with low-dose dexmedetomidine is not inferior to that obtained with sufentanil in scheduled ambulatory surgeries.