There are about 21062 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Italy. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
The aim of this research is to verify whether inhibitory control ability is different between a group of individuals with obesity and a group of individuals with normal weight in the presence of olfactory stimuli, different for valence, edibility (food versus no-food), and caloric density (high-calorie vs low-calorie content) of foods associated with odours.
Fear processing in obesity and specifically the ability to i) learn and remember threatening stimuli, and ii) implicitly (i.e., unconsciously) and explicitly (consciously) discriminate them from neutral ones, will be investigated in affected individuals through the fear-conditioning paradigm.
The properness of our past choices and action is usually judged according to what could have been if we had behaved differently. This ability to simulate alternatives to past factual events and actions is called counterfactual thinking (CFT) and is closely related to the decision-making process and future behaviors. In fact, the generation of CFT fulfills an important preparatory function, since it offers behavioral instructions that can guide the individual in facing similar decision-making problems in the future. Consequently, a damage or a reduction in the CFT are likely to impact on the individual's decision-making (DM) ability, especially regarding crucial decisions such as those in the medical field. In recent years, growing evidence has highlighted alterations in CFT in several neurological, neurodegenerative and psychiatric conditions, such as Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, prefrontal cortex damage, schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder and major depressive disorder, underlining how CFT deficits are specifically associated with frontal-executive dysfunction. These alterations, as mentioned, can lead to non-optimal DM processes and behaviors. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord, brain stem and motor cortex. Literature data have highlighted the presence of cognitive and behavioral alterations as integral parts of the disease, as a part of a continuum, with a partial overlap, between ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The progressive and fatal course of the disease and the presence of cognitive/behavioral alterations, together with the impairment in communication skills, have significant implications on patient's competence in the advance care planning, especially regarding informed consent to advance treatment and end-of-life decision. In particular, patients' perspectives about therapeutic choices and end-of-life interventions are likely to be influenced by cognitive-behavioral aspects, where the integrity of frontal-executive functions plays a crucial role in patients' DM ability. The investigators hypothesize that ALS patients will show a certain deficit in CFT, both in the ability to generate counterfactual thoughts related to a negative real-life and in the ability to use CFT to make causal inferences in fictional social scenarios. Moreover, a relationship between CFT and DM abilities is expected to be found. These expected impairments are likely to be associated with the cognitive and behavioral alterations that typically occur in ALS. Primary aim The primary purpose of the study is to investigate the integrity of CFT ability in patients with ALS. Specifically, this study aims to: (1) evaluate the functioning of the CFT in a group of patients affected by ALS; (2) investigate how the functioning of the CFT is associated with the ALS typical cognitive-behavioral alterations; (3) evaluate the possible association between CFT and DM abilities; (4) investigate how clinical, psychological, cognitive and behavioral variables affect CFT integrity. Secondary aim CFT ability will be investigated along the course of the disease, with patients being recruited in a longitudinal study. When possible, according to clinical conditions, patients will be assessed at 0-6-12-24 months, in order to better characterize CFT and DM functioning over time, as well as patients' cognitive-behavioral profile. . We expect to highlight a deficit or a reduction in patients' CFT ability and such alteration is likely to be associated with DM skills, as well as with the specific cognitive and behavioral profile of ALS patients.
The aim of this research is to verify the ability of counterfactual thinking about medical decisions in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome when compared with healthy individuals
Pilot testing and development of an immersive virtual reality system for spatial navigation training in mild cognitive impairment syndrome.
The aim of our study is to investigate the effects of impaired left ventricular remodeling on the short- and long-term prognosis in AS partecipants undergoing extracorporeal circulation during valve repair surgery and in partecipants undergoing implantation transcatheter. For the achievement of these purposes, markers obtained from will be considered cardiovascular imaging methods, such as color Doppler echocardiography and isolated biomarkers from peripheral blood and heart tissue.
Ample evidence demonstrates the beneficial role of physical activity combined with a structured dietary plan to counteract obesity. International guidelines as the World Health Organization states that to improve fitness levels at least 150 min a week of physical activity at moderate intensity, combined with resistance training composed of 8-12 repetitions with an intensity of 60-70%1RM for each muscle group, are recommended. In this regard, a minimum dosage of 60-90 min of physical activity composed by aerobic exercises in alternation with resistance training protocols, allow a sequential development of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength parameters avoiding potential interference effects. Interference may occur when strength and endurance stimuli both target opposite peripheral adaptations (e.g., hypertrophy vs. muscle capillarization) and this phenomenon seems to be particularly clear during adolescence. Nevertheless, the incorporation of different training stimuli within the same training session is called Concurrent Training. This training mode, thanks to the activation of two different metabolic pathways (e.g., aerobic and anaerobic), has a variety, beneficial effects in terms of muscle mass and strength development, body composition profile regulation and neuromotor function improvement. Concurrent Training seems to be effective not only in normal-weight subjects, but also in obese individuals, reporting positive adaptations on physical fitness and health status compared with a single-mode (i.e., aerobic or strength training). Therefore, the aim of this study is to detect the effects of a 10-week-Concurrent Training protocol compared with a single training modality on physical fitness, body composition and circadian rhythms in adult outpatients with obesity.
Study STX-478-101 is a multipart, open-label, phase 1/2 study evaluating the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and preliminary antitumor activity of STX-478 in participants with advanced solid tumors with certain mutations. Part 1 will evaluate STX-478 as monotherapy in participants with advanced solid tumors and breast cancer; Part 2 will evaluate STX-478 therapy as combination therapy with fulvestrant in participants with breast cancer. Each study part will include a 28-day screening period, followed by treatment with STX-478 monotherapy or combination therapy.
This is an observational multicenter retrospective and prospective study on natural history of SMA also considering the 'new natural history' secondary to the availability of commercially available therapies. All the patients enrolled to date in the Italian registry, if not part of clinical trials, will be included in the present study.
We hypothesise that patients with SARS-Cov-2 infection are characterized by progressive changes in distribution of distinct lung macrophages populations mediated by influx of circulating monocytes into the lungs . Moreover, we also hypothesise that patients with higher rate of MerTKpos alveolar macrophages in the lung lavage will have the lowest rate of lung complications and the best recovery outcome in terms of clinical outcome and need of assisted ventilation supporting the use of macrophage phenotyping as novel prognostic biomarker in patients with SARS-Cov-2 infection. Finally, the definition of the transcriptomic signature of peripheral blood and tissue-derived myeloid cell subtypes will offer new therapeutic target of this uncurable newly discovered infection.