There are about 25435 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in United Kingdom. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
It is thought that vaccines trigger innate inflammatory responses to induce antigenspecific adaptive immunity (the desired effect), but excessive inflammation may lead to serious inflammatory complications or unwanted side effects. Currently there is a lack of reliable biomarkers (a measurable biological response that predicts something) able to predict severe inflammation and this has resulted in the development of several vaccines being terminated and the withdrawal of some licensed vaccines which were associated with inflammatory complications. This study is part of the BIOVACSAFE project which is a 5year €30M project funded by the Innovative Medicine Initiative. The project involves a series of clinical studies using licensed vaccines as benchmarks to generate clinical data on inflammation and identify biomarkers that can be used to predict acceptable reactogenicity. The target is to identify biomarkers that can predict the occurrence of beneficial and detrimental effects in response to a vaccine. Such biomarkers could be used in future vaccine development programs to optimize selection of vaccine candidates with a profile that will be unlikely to generate worrisome safety signals once they are in generalized use. This study is one in a series of "training" studies which will each use different licensed vaccines that are prototypical representatives of a class of vaccine used in a particular target population. Twenty four subjects will be randomised into two groups to receive: A) Engerix B vaccine (n = 20), B) Saline placebo (n = 4). Following a screening visit, participants will undergo two immunisations at month 0 and month 6. Each immunisation will occur during a seven day residential visit which will include immunization and intensive monitoring of physiological (e.g. heart rate, oral temperature, blood pressure) metabolic and immune (innate and adaptive) parameters. Both residential visits will be followed up by four outpatient visits with further monitoring and blood samples.
POLARIS : A non-interventional study in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) with central involvement to assess the effectiveness of existing anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment regimens.
A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase I study in healthy subjects. Safety, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data will be collected.
Diurnal variations in the cardiovascular system apparent in healthy individuals, are different in chronic kidney disease patients. Therefore, diurnal variations in arterial stiffness may also differ in chronic kidney disease patients. This study aims to identify and evaluate diurnal variations in arterial stiffness in chronic kidney disease patients and compare them to those in age matched healthy controls.
It is well known that being overweight or obese increases the risk of health problems, and that many people find it difficult to maintain a healthy weight. Worryingly the rise in obesity is greater in women than in the male population. One possible reason for this is that some women gain too much weight during their pregnancy and find it difficult to lose this weight after the birth of their baby. For example, women who gain more weight than recommended during pregnancy have been shown to be more likely to carry excess that weight at 1 and 15 years after pregnancy, compared to women who gained the recommended amount of weight. There are currently no evidence-based guidelines in the UK for how weight should be managed during pregnancy. For these reasons, it is really important that we understand the factors affecting weight management before, during and after pregnancy. The aim of this research is therefore to find successful approaches to help women manage their weight before, during and after pregnancy. This will be completed by understanding the knowledge, attitudes, experiences and expectations of women during and after pregnancy and to identify the factors (e.g. diet, physical activity, poor social network etc.) which influence body weight. This will enable us to suggest better strategies for promoting healthy weight changes during and after pregnancy.
This observational study will assess the metabolic pathways of paracetamol that are utilised after liver resection.
Studies of patients with established kidney disease, even when this is mild, appear to show that they are at high risk of heart failure, stroke and sudden cardiac death. This may be because kidney disease causes stiffening of the arteries in the body which means that the heart and brain are damaged by high blood pressure. By studying patients before and after the removal of a kidney (uni-nephrectomy) for transplantation the investigators will find out for the first time in man the effect of an isolated reduction in kidney function on the structure and function of the cardiovascular system.
This study builds on previous research which has provided compelling evidence that deficient activity of glucocorticoids in the endometrium is a cause of increased menstrual bleeding. This study aims to demonstrate that a glucocorticoid (dexamethasone), already in common use for other conditions, (eg to treat medical conditions such as asthma and rheumatoid arthritis in early pregnancy), will reverse the endometrial glucocorticoid deficiency and as a result reduce menstrual blood loss. The study is in two stages, a 12 month workup stage and a 3 year, response adaptive, dose-finding randomised controlled trial. The first stage involves two workup clinical studies to gather preliminary safety and efficacy data from first-in-Heavy Menstrual Bleeding use of oral dexamethasone. They will also provide methodological data for a series of simulation studies to determine a robust adaptive trial design specification. Workup study 1: is unblinded, six patients will be given Dexamethasone (0.75mg twice daily) for 5 days during two consecutive menstrual cycles and will have an endometrial biopsy and MRI on two occasions (in a nontreated cycle, and the second of the cycles treated with Dexamethasone). Workup study 2; is a doubleblind crossover trial of 14 women -2 treatment blocks of two cycles each, with either placebo or Dexamethasone (0.75mg twice daily), randomised to order of treatments blocks - placebo then Dexamethasone, or vice-versa. Adaptive trial: 54 month double-blind, placebo controlled trial of 108 women to evaluate the effect of Dexamethasone across a range of doses with the aim of identifying the optimal dose to be studied in a subsequent Phase III trial. Participants will be randomised to receive one of 6 active doses or placebo over 3 menstrual cycles. All studies will involve asking participants to complete menstrual diaries and to carry out menstrual blood loss collections to objectively measure blood loss. The investigators' proposed approach is novel use of synthetic glucocorticoid to "rescue" luteal phase deficiency of cortisol, and thus improve endometrial vasculature and hence vasoconstriction when menses commences, and thus reduce menstrual bleeding.
Hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) is a common complication of extended hospital stay. In surgical specialities and critical care early physiotherapy is a recognised way of preventing such infections, and reducing length of hospital stay (LOS), however prevention of this problem is less well studied in medical inpatients. The investigators propose a pilot study to assess the impact of introducing an early mobilisation strategy to general medical and respiratory wards at an acute Trust in the United Kingdom (UK). The investigators will recruit all new admissions to each of 2 respiratory and 2 elderly care wards - 1 of each ward type will be allocated to receive extra physiotherapy input targeting new admissions for early mobilisation. Patients' usual mobility, current mobility and actual activity levels will be studied by accelerometer and simple patient questionnaire in the first 48 hours of admission, and compared between groups. Incidence of HAP and total LOS will be recorded and compared between groups. The investigators hypotheses are that the physiotherapy intervention will increase activity levels, reduce incidence of HAP and reduce LOS. The latter may result in cost savings to the National Health Service (NHS), which the investigators will model using local tariff data. The investigators plan to use our data to power a larger randomised controlled study, or if the intervention is a marked success, such that a control group would be unethical, then a wider service development and evaluation programme.
The purpose of this study is to check if at 1 year after surgical ablation the electrical impulses that cause atrial fibrillation (AF) are still blocked from being able to get into the heart. Hypothesis Conduction block and ganglionic destruction are required for freedom from AF.