There are about 25435 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in United Kingdom. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
Babies that are either very small or very big have increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. Predicting which babies will fall into these groups is traditionally done with risk assessment and third trimester manual palpation, however neither of these techniques are sensitive and a considerable number of affected pregnancies are missed. This results in stillbirth for small babies or birth trauma for larger ones. Serial scanning in the third trimester can improve detection rates but this is expensive and cannot currently be provided to all NHS patients. A more sensitive test that can be performed earlier in pregnancy would allow identification of at risk pregnancies allowing for increased monitoring. New three dimensional ultrasound techniques that measure volume and volumetric flow have become available that may allow this to happen. This study proposes to trial newer ultrasound techniques on a cohort of pregnant women. The findings from these scans will then be correlated with actual birth weights at the end of pregnancy to determine the ability of these parameters to act as screening tools for babies at the extremes of size.
To evaluate an iPad based photoimage analysis system (Moletest) for improving discrimination of benign from malignant suspicious skin lesions or moles. Specifically the objective is to demonstrate that the Moletest system is able with a sufficient degree of confidence (95%) to identify lesions which are benign
This study aims to compare the effect of an anthocyanin-rich blood orange juice with a standard (no anthocyanin) blonde orange juice on markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Participants aged between 25 and 84 years of age will be recruited into a single arm, two way cross-over study based on their waist measurement, with 42 individuals required to complete the study. Participants will each receive two interventions in a randomised order: 500mL blood orange juice daily for 28 days, and 500ml standard (blonde) orange juice daily for 28 days. Prior to each intervention there will be a 2 week "run in period" where participants will be asked to avoid consuming foods rich in anthocyanins. After the first 28 day intervention period, there will be a 3 week wash out period after which the participants will be asked to then drink the other juice for 28 days. The 500 mL of blood orange juice contains approximately 50mg of anthocyanins, whereas the standard juice contains none. Blood samples will be collected for the preparation of plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) for the analysis of anthocyanin metabolite concentrations, transcriptomics and CVD risk markers. Urine samples will be collected and urinary excretion of anthocyanin metabolites will be quantified. Other measurements will include pulse wave analysis, pulse wave velocity, central blood pressure, waist and hip circumference, blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) and insulin concentrations, and various measurements using the TANITA machine which include weight, fat mass, muscle mass, fat percentage, fat-free mass, total body water, bone mass, metabolic age, basal metabolic rate, visceral fat rating, and degree of obesity. All measurements and samples will be taken at baseline and post intervention for each phase of the study.
Rationale: Mediterranean style diets and diets rich in green leafy vegetables protect against the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and a wide range of cardiovascular disease. These diets are rich in nitrate. Numerous studies have shown that nitrate from the diet can have a wide range of beneficial effects. These include relaxing blood vessels and improving their function. It has been shown that following a meal with added nitrate, blood flow to the stomach increases more than would be expected if the same meal is given without nitrate. This is because when we eat nitrate the body concentrates it and recycles it through the digestive system. As it cycles through it is converted into nitrite and nitric oxide which cause blood vessels to relax. The nitrite and nitric oxide also seem to protect against infection from food sources such as E.coli. What we do not know is whether this nitrite and nitric oxide has any effect on the small intestine and the liver. Some nitrite reaches the small intestine and may have the same effect on blood flow there as it does in the stomach. This could be very important because the small intestine releases hormones called incretins which we now know play a very important role in controlling blood sugar every time we eat. These incretin hormones regulate insulin release and the body's sensitivity to insulin. When we eat blood containing the substances we have absorbed from the gut, such as sugars and fats, goes to the liver for processing. The blood then leaves the liver and enters the circulation. This means the blood supply to the liver will have much higher concentrations of nitrite than the blood circulating in the rest of the body. High concentrations of nitrite appear to cause blood vessels to open up. This means more blood vessels in the liver should be opened after a nitrate rich meal. It seems likely that this will help the liver to control blood sugar more effectively. Purpose To find out if supplementation by inorganic nitrate as found in beetroot or green leafy vegetables increases liver (hepatic) microvascular perfusion and increases incretin secretion. Plan of investigations: We will recruit 16 individuals for each of the three groups (Young adults, older adults and individuals with type 2 diabetes). Participants will be recruited from a database of volunteers who have consented to being contacted for research studies which are held by the NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility. This is a double blind, placebo controlled crossover design study (nitrate rich beetroot juice vs a placebo, nitrate depleted beetroot juice). Three visits will be required for participants to complete this study. Visit 1. Screening and consent. The experimenter will explain to the participant what the study is designed to test. If the participant is completely clear on the study and understand what they are agreeing to, they will sign a consent form. In addition a standard medical history and clinical examination will be undertaken by a research nurse and or Anthony Shepherd. A venous blood sample will be taken using standard aseptic procedures. Following consent participants will be assigned a study number. Study numbers will be previously assigned (by a research statistician) to a randomisation order to begin either the beetroot juice or placebo arm of the study first. Visit 2. Visit 2 will require the participant to fast over night from 10pm. Only water will be admissible from this time. The following morning participants will arrive at the laboratory in a fully hydrated and rested state at ~ 7.30am. This visit will take ~ 5 hours and will require 4 MRI scans. Participants will have the first MRI scan after a short acclimatisation period. Participants will then be provided with a concentrated 140 mL nitrate drink or placebo with a standardised breakfast (2 slices of toast with butter). Three subsequent MRI scans will be required (one per hour for three hours). Venous blood samples taken from cannulas will be sampled, in order to assess glucose, insulin, incretins and nitrate/nitrite prior to each scan. Visit 3. Visit 3 will take place after a minimum washout period of 7 days from Visit 2. Visit 3 will be identical in nature to visit 2; however, it will be with the opposite supplement (either nitrate rich or placebo beetroot juice). Impact: Dietary nitrate appears to offer a simple, low cost means of modifying cardiovascular risk. This study will deepen our understanding of the role of the nitrate/nitrite/nitric oxide pathway in normal physiology. By understanding what effect inorganic nitrate from the diet has on hepatic perfusion and other pathways involved in glucose homeostasis this may lead to a range of simple, low cost therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat type 2 diabetes.
This study is a phase I, randomised, double blind (sponsor unblinded), placebo-controlled, single ascending dose study GSK2831781 administered by IV. GSK2831781 is a humanized Antibody Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity (ADCC) enhanced monoclonal afucosylated antibody that is specific to the Lymphocyte Activation Gene-3 (LAG-3) protein. This is the first administration of GSK2831781 in humans and will evaluate in two parts the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD) and immunogenicity of single IV doses of GSK2831781 administered to healthy subjects previously vaccinated with Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) (Part A delayed type hypersensitivity [DTH] cohorts) and patients with plaque psoriasis (Part B). The inclusion of DTH and psoriasis subjects to explore the mechanism in biopsies and clinical response endpoints in these populations, as well as investigate systemic biomarkers will provide useful information prior to conducting studies in other immune-inflammatory disease which will involve more invasive tissue biopsies. Measuring the pharmacology of GSK2831781 using the depletion of LAG-3+ T-cells in skin biopsies from Tuberculin Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) skin challenge and lesional skin biopsies from patients with psoriasis, will be helpful in understanding of the dose response relationship, which will be important for designing future studies in immuno-inflammatory diseases, including psoriasis. Approximately 67 subjects will be enrolled to complete dosing and critical assessments. The subject numbers will be split to approximately 40 healthy subjects (Part A) and 27 patients with psoriasis (Part B).
This study is designed to assess the proportion of asthma subjects making critical and non-critical errors made in using ELLIPTA® inhaler compared with other commercially available inhaler devices such as the TURBUHALER®, MDI (metered-dose inhaler), and DISKUS/ACCUHALER®. This study will also assess the ease of use and preference between the ELLIPTA inhaler and the other commercially available inhaler devices. This is a randomized, open-label, placebo, crossover, multicentre study with a single visit. The study will comprise three sub-studies. Subjects will receive inactive treatment (placebo) via the ELLIPTA inhaler and one of the other inhaler devices depending on the sub-study they are allocated to. Only subjects who are naïve to the ELLIPTA inhaler and to one of the other inhalers that will be used in this study will be included. The study will be conducted in the Netherlands and the UK, and comprises one visit only. A sufficient number of subjects (at least 190) with asthma will be screened and 180 will be randomized to one of the three sub-studies. Eligible subjects will be allocated to one of the sub-studies in the following order depending on their experience of using the other inhaler (i.e., depending on which other inhaler they are naïve to). ELLIPTA, DISKUS, and ACCUHALER are registered trademarks of the GSK group of companies. TURBUHALER is a registered trademark of AstraZeneca.
This is an open-label extension study intended to provide continued treatment with migalastat hydrochloride (HCl) for participants with Fabry disease who completed treatment of a previous migalastat HCl study. The study assessed the long-term safety and effectiveness of migalastat HCl.
A 52-Week, Multicentre, Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel Group, Placebo Controlled, Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Tralokinumab in Adults and Adolescents with Asthma Inadequately Controlled on Inhaled Corticosteroid Plus Long-Acting β2-Agonist
This research study is looking at a new DARPin® drug candidate, called MP0250. There is evidence from preclinical studies that MP0250 may be effective in the treatment of cancer. This is the first study of MP0250 in humans and its main purpose is to test its safety and tolerability in patients with cancer. This study will also examine how the drug is changed by and removed from the body and look for indicators that the drug may be effective against cancer. This study will test several different dose levels of the study drug to determine the safety and tolerability profile of the drug.
This study will compare the pharmacokinetic performance of film-coated tablet and granule formulations of RG1662 under fed and fasted conditions in healthy volunteers. A randomized, four-period, four-treatment crossover design is used. In each period, each volunteer will receive a single oral dose of the tablet or granule formulation either with or without food.