There are about 25435 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in United Kingdom. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
The heart requires nutrients and oxygen carried in the blood to generate energy for healthy pump function. Blood is supplied via heart vessels called coronary arteries. When the arteries narrow the investigators call this coronary artery disease. Narrowing and blockage of the coronary arteries can cause chest pain (angina), breathlessness (due to a reduction in pump function) and if prolonged even irreversible muscle damage known as a heart attack. The investigators can treat patients with coronary artery disease with drugs that reduce the workload on the heart or with balloons and hollow metal tubes (stents) to open the narrowed coronary arteries and improve the blood supply. These treatments can relieve angina, improve breathlessness and avert heart muscle damage during a heart attack. A potential new mechanistic effect is emerging by modulating the type of fuel used by the heart to generate energy more efficiently has been tested in the left ventricle. This study is designed to see if mechanistic effect provides the same protection in the right ventricle. It is hoped that this may further improve heart pump function and reduce the size of a heart attack in patients with coronary artery disease.
Prospective, controlled, double randomized, non-blinded, multicenter, investigator initiated, academic superiority trial comparing optical coherence tomography (OCT) guided vs. angiography guided wire recrossing in jailed side branches (SB) (1. randomization 1:1)(superiority) and comparing Medtronic Resolute Integrity and Xience Prime for stent strut apposition in the SB ostium (2. randomization 1:1) (superiority). Acute primary endpoint and 30 days clinical follow-up. Hypothesis: OCT guided wire recrossing in bifurcation stenting results in less malapposed struts in the segment facing the SB ostium. Secondary hypothesis: Treatment by Medtronic Resolute Integrity stent results in less malapposed struts at the bifurcation segment compared to treatment by the Abbott Xience Prime stent.
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a life limiting illness. Median predicted UK survival is 41.4 years (UK CF Registry 2011). The commonest cause of death is respiratory failure. Non invasive ventilation (NIV) is a system which delivers a preset pressure to supplement the size and depth of each breath. It is introduced in CF to manage established respiratory failure. A nose or a mask which covers both the nose and mouth allows flexible ventilation, is used just at night, or for part of the day in addition or for 24 hours as clinical status indicates. It is introduced within a normal ward environment and then continued longterm at home.Once respiratory failure is established longterm noninvasive ventilation is introduced throughout 24 hours and multidisciplinary assessment concludes that the timing is appropriate for the individual. This study aims to evaluate a potential development of current practice: the use of non invasive ventilation during hospital admission only to enhance recovery from an acute exacerbation which has caused respiratory failure in those individuals where long term non invasive ventilation is not yet indicated. A mixed methods design will allow description of the experience of noninvasive ventilation during a semistructured interview to add to understanding of the results from an experiment designed to measure the differences between noninvasive ventilation and standard care. Aim: To compare the clinical efficacy with the patient experience of NIV on recovery from an acute respiratory exacerbation complicated by respiratory failure in adult Cystic Fibrosis.
The study will primarily look at the effectiveness of the TOPS (Total Posterior Spine) System when used in patients with lumbar spine stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal) who would normally be candidates for spinal fusion.
This study will examine outcomes for patients treated by planned culotte stenting and compare outcomes with 2 different stent platforms, the next generation Synergy II and the Xience Xpedition DES platforms.
A multicenter, open-label Phase 2b study of selinexor (KPT-330) in participants with relapsed/refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who have no therapeutic options of demonstrated clinical benefit.
Patients with suspected or proven sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma, eligible for curative treatment whose MRI can be reviewed prior to surgery and has no decision regarding radical treatment are eligible. Patient are randomised to the control arm which the standard care of preoperative CT imaging and subsequent discussion by the Multidisciplinary Team or the interventional arm which has the additional use of MRI imaging and subsequent discussion by the Multidisciplinary Team. Patients are followed up at 1 and 3 years together with QoL questionnaires.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the most common pulmonary disease, responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality and is the third leading cause of death worldwide. As well as its consequences in the lungs, COPD is well recognized to be associated with a range of important systemic consequences and co-morbidities. Interestingly, skeletal muscle dysfunction is noted in both early and advanced disease, suggesting its origins may not be wholly pulmonary. Treatment strategies targeting lung function are, unfortunately, of limited value. Given the burden of disease, it is becoming increasingly important that investigative and therapeutic work now focuses on other systemic characteristics and sequelae which define the disease phenotype. This is a randomized controlled trial of the effect of 14 days of voluntary reduced activity on muscle mass, muscle strength, body composition, and atrophy signalling in patients with COPD and age-matched controls. The primary hypothesis upon which this study is based is that a short reduction in ambulation will induce a transient reduction in quadriceps muscle mass, quadriceps strength and physical performance in patients with COPD compared to matched COPD patients whose mobility has not been restricted. The secondary hypothesis is that the magnitude of the above changes will be greater in physically inactive COPD patients compared to physically inactive age-matched controls. The overall aim of this research is to use an in vivo human model of 14 days of voluntary reduced physical activity to test the above hypotheses. If the model proves feasible, this will allow for earlier proof of concept studies of novel therapeutic agents.
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKR) is a well-established treatment modality for brain metastasis (Chiou 2013; Salvetti, Nagaraja et al. 2013). Large multicentre series have been published on patients with single and multiple cerebral metastases, treated with GKR over a period of 30 years (Karlsson, Hanssens et al. 2009). Multiple institutions have reported a consistently high local tumour control rate of 80%-90% following GKR (Chang, Lee et al. 2000; Da Silva, Nagayama et al. 2009; Salvetti, Nagaraja et al. 2013). There is controversy over the use of GKR and/or Whole Brain Radiotherapy (WBRT) in patients with multiple metastases. WBRT provides a lower rate of distant recurrences, whereas GKR achieves good local control of treated lesions without the deleterious side effects of radiotherapy (Lippitz, Lindquist et al. 2014). This discussion is mainly focused on the risk of distant recurrences, which is lower if WBRT is given. There is evidence showing that Radiosurgery (RS) based on high contrast/resolution stereotactic MRI decreases the incidence and lengthens the time to distant recurrences (Hanssens, Karlsson et al. 2011). As a result, the current tendency is to treat all the lesions visible in high contrast/resolution images the day of Gamma Knife; which is followed by regular MRI follow ups and subsequent GKR for distant recurrences in order to avoid/delay WBRT. It has been estimated that more than a half of distant recurrences will grow from tumour cells that were already in the brain (as micrometastases) when radiosurgery is delivered, but not much has been studied on the optimal prescription and radiation delivery method for these lesions. There is controversy over which collimator should be used when treating micro-metastases (BmM). These lesions can either be treated with the 4mm collimator at an isodose between the 40% and 90%, or the 8mm collimator at an isodose above 90%. The 8 mm collimator is thought to offer better Local Control Rate (LCR) with the advantage of faster delivered treatments, while the 4 mm collimator is considered to be safer, given its steep dose fall-off. It is the aim of this study to find out which of the 4 mm or 8 mm collimators can achieve the higher LCR with less complications. A large number of lesions will be randomised to either the 4 or the 8 mm collimator and the patients followed up to evaluate clinical efficacy.
Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a term describing any rhythm coming from the top half of the heart. Although atrial fibrillation is the commonest cardiac arrhythmia, regular SVT's are also common. The two commonest regular SVT's are atrioventricular (nodal) reentry tachycardias (AV(N)RT) and atrial flutter (AFL). Atrioventricular (nodal) reentry tachycardias (AV(N)RT) are common but benign forms of fast heart rhythm. Although AV(N)RT can cause unpleasant symptoms and are frightening it is not dangerous. If patients present with AV(N)RT the accepted and normal treatment for most is to have the fast heart rhythm stopped by either taking a deep breath and straining or by the use of drugs. Patients can then be discharged home and have further investigation and treatment as an outpatient. SVT can be frightening for the patient but is easy to diagnose and treat. There is high success rate post treatment for this benign condition. This is traditionally done in the local accident and emergency, although patients can sometimes be unnecessarily admitted to hospital overnight. We propose to investigate the safety and efficacy of training paramedics to treat safe forms of AV(N)RT at the scene and then giving the patient an information pack which includes a request for a GP referral to a heart rhythm specialist. Patients will be randomly allocated after consenting to take part in the study to either get paramedic or accident and emergency department treatment. We will compare these two approaches by telephone follow up of the patients. The costs of the different approaches will be compared by assessing the rate of appropriate investigation and the information given to patients and how they rated their experiences.