There are about 25435 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in United Kingdom. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
This is a study to explore the feasibility of using D-mannose, a commonly used food supplement, in persons with multiple sclerosis reporting recurrent urinary tract infections. Twenty persons with multiple sclerosis (10 patients using catheters and 10 not using catheters) reporting recurrent urinary tract infections will receive D-mannose 1.5 grams twice daily for 16 weeks duration. This will be explored through: 1. Assessing compliance to a 16-week course of D-mannose 2. Quantifying the number of prescriptions for antibiotics during the 16 weeks course of D-mannose
Adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are treated with high dose antibiotics to reduce the long term damage to their lungs from infection. This would typically be with a two week course of intravenous antibiotics each time they have a chest infection (typically three to four times a year). The most effective and commonly used antibiotic in most cases is tobramycin. If this cannot be used because of previous side effects, allergy or a resistant infection then colomycin or amikacin are usually used. Each of these antibiotics are known to be toxic to both the kidneys and ear. As patients are living longer (into their forties), the total amount of these antibiotics they are receiving over their lifetime is increasing. This is now leading to increased complications such as kidney damage and hearing loss. Because of this, the investigators need to look at methods to accurately quantify damage and reduce potential kidney and hearing damage. The investigators intend to quantify kidney damage by measuring new protein markers within the urine and blood that signify kidney damage before more conventional and currently available methods are able to.In those patients treated with intravenous tobramycin the investigators will also look at an alternative method used to calculate the most appropriate dose of antibiotic for each participant. This dosing method is called 'area under the curve or AUC' dose monitoring. This method currently in clinical use in other countries is thought to more accurately reflect the most appropriate dose for each participant and thus reduce the chance of kidney and hearing problems. This 'AUC' method requires two rather than one dose level to be checked each time a dose calculation is made. Participants receiving tobramycin will be randomised to receive dosing by this method or the investigators' currently used method of 'trough' monitoring.
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common inherited disorder with a frequency of 1 in 500 in the UK. Our aim is compare the carotid and coronary artery atherosclerosis in monogenic FH and polygenic hypercholesterolemia with means of a carotid ultrasound, a coronary CT angiogram and biochemical biomarkers.
The purpose of this study is to test the therapeutic effects of a computerized attention training for patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN). The primary aim is to determine if a computerized attention training can modify attention towards food and ameliorate eating disorder symptoms and related difficulties, such as anxiety. The secondary aim is to explore underlying mechanisms that contribute to these improvements. The stability of potentially observed effects over a one-month period will also be determined.
This study will provide information on cortical haemodynamics in MS patients to address the discrepancies reported in previous literature, allowing further insight into the role of haemodynamics in the disease. It will also instruct us as to the most effective scanning protocols for future research. Developing a suitable protocol for studying perfusion longitudinally may also enable identification of new therapeutic interventions to normalise any perfusion abnormalities in MS patients.
What is the optimal maintenance dose of remifentanil to ensure apnoea, during breath hold episodes in children having cardiac MR imaging with general anaesthesia?
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the initial short and long-term safety and performance of the CardiAQ™ Transcatheter Mitral Valve Implantation System using the Transapical Delivery System. The study will enroll patients with moderate to severe mitral valve regurgitation who are considered high or extreme risk for mortality and morbidity from conventional open heart surgery.
In keratoconus (KC) corneal thinning and protrusion can cause myopia and irregular astigmatism, affecting vision. The biomechanical properties of the cornea is maintained by an intricate collagen network, which is responsible for its shape and function. In KC this collagen network is disrupted resulting in the cornea losing its shape and function. Keratoconic changes are focal and localised to certain regions of the cornea and the early detection of these changes is challenging. Screening methods include corneal topography (evaluation of anterior corneal surface curvature), tomography (assessing the morphological features of the anterior segment) and aberrometry (measuring the optical aberrations of the eye). More recent research suggests that the biomechanical destabilization of the cornea may precede topographic and tomographic evidence of KC. Management of KC depends on disease severity with severe cases being treated with keratoplasty and less severe cases with cornealcollagencrosslinking (CXL). CXL is an emerging technique, which aims to increase the biomechanical strength of the keratoconic cornea. Despite strong evidence of changes in the biomechanical properties in human corneas following CXL, there is a significant need for accurate measures of biomechanical changes in vivo pre and post CXL. Until recently technical limitations have restricted the ability to assess the biomechanical properties of the whole cornea in vivo. With the introduction of the CorvisST (Oculus) it is now possible to assess regional biomechanical behaviour of the cornea. The output from the device provides a variety of parameters to indicate the cornea's biomechanical strength. To date, the association between the deflection behaviours in various regions of the cornea in keratoconic eyes preand post CXL has not been studied. In order to effectively assess the clinical benefits of CXL such information is vital. The primary goal of this investigation is to investigate regional biomechanical properties of the keratoconic eye before and after CXL.
Cancer survival has improved steadily due to earlier detection and treatment. Despite the established efficacy of anthracycline chemotherapy, its damaging effects on the heart (cardiotoxicity) limits treatment and confers acute and long term adverse cardiovascular consequences. Protective strategies for the heart (cardioprotection) with iron binders (chelation), heart rate (beta blockade) and blood pressure (renin angiotensin inhibition) medications have demonstrated promise in adult cancer patients, but these treatments are typically prescribed only after significant changes in heart chamber size and pumping ability are detected by imaging investigations (myocardial dysfunction). Furthermore, these conventional therapies are constrained by important side effects that affect bone marrow, blood pressure, and the kidneys. Remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC) protects the heart by activating cell survival pathways through brief repeated inflations and deflations of a blood pressure cuff to limit blood flow temporarily (noninjurious ischaemia). These innate survival mechanisms prevent part of the cellular injury that occurs during the ischaemia reperfusion cascade during a heart attack (myocardial infarction). Ischaemia reperfusion injury also shares common biochemical pathways with anthracycline cardiotoxicity, and thus RIC may be a novel form of nonpharmacological cardioprotection that can be applied when undergoing anthracycline chemotherapy. The investigators propose a pilot single centre randomised controlled trial to investigate the effect of RIC on reducing heart muscle damage (myocardial injury) in anthracycline-treated cancer patients. The investigators will assess subclinical myocardial injury using high-sensitivity blood tests (troponin T levels) and advanced imaging techniques, monitor heart rhythm disturbances (cardiac arrhythmia) and analyse metabolic changes in urine and blood during chemotherapy, at specified time points, and follow up to 5 years after completing chemotherapy treatment).
To determine the quality of life following the radical excision of recto-vaginal endometriosis.