There are about 25435 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in United Kingdom. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
iMarkHD is an adaptive, longitudinal positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging study in Huntington's disease (HD) that aims to assess abnormal molecular, functional, and structural changes in participants' brains, ranging from several years before symptom onset to the advanced symptom stage. The study will be conducted over a three (3) year period (Baseline, Year-1, and Year-2).
Gene expression, the transfer of the genetic code into cellular proteins is one of the most fundamental processes in living cells. This process is orchestrated by protein-based molecular machines, called RNA polymerases that read the DNA sequence to generate messenger RNA (mRNA), which is translated by the cellular machinery to make proteins. Our cells have evolved elaborate regulation mechanisms to control these molecular machines and a breakdown in this regulation leads to diseases such as cancer. Recently, molecules called myosins have been discovered in the genetic storage compartment of the cell (the nucleus) where they interact with RNA polymerases to regulate protein production. This is interesting because myosins are usually found outside the nucleus transporting cellular cargo or generating muscle contraction. In breast cancer cells, myosin is abundant and interacts with the oestrogen receptor. The majority of breast cancer in the UK is oestrogen receptor positive and activation of this receptor is an important factor controlling the growth of cancer cells. Oestrogen receptor activation appears to be dependent upon myosin and this research project will investigate how myosins are targeted to specific genes and how they are themselves regulated. This will greatly enhance our understanding of the role of nuclear myosins in oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer and may identify a novel therapeutic target for future drug development.
The Modified Ketogenic Diet for the Treatment of Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy in Adults: an Observational Cohort Study
This is a feasibility study of the use of a novel technique called 'Inspiwave' to measure heart and lung function in adult patients in critical care. The preliminary work has already been undertaken in animal models and in healthy volunteers. The ultimate aim of this study is to develop a clinical tool for measuring (and therefore being able to make treatment changes based on) indices of heart and lung function in critical care patients. This study is the first assessment of the technique in this population, and whilst we know it works in patients undergoing general anaesthesia, we now need to assess whether Inspiwave can be used at all in critical care patients who may have much more physiological derangement. The purpose of this phase of the research is to determine whether it is feasible to use Inspiwave in critical care. Inspiwave generates a sinusoidally modulated tracer gas signal in the inspired air. It also measures the resulting signal in the expired air. The unique handling of this signal by the patient can used be to derive key variables related to cardiopulmonary function such as lung volume, pulmonary blood flow, the deadspace (wasted ventilation) and the degree to which ventilation and blood flow are non-uniform. These are 'vital signs' in sick patients, yet are currently technically difficult to measure, particularly non-invasively.
This is an umbrella study evaluating the efficacy and safety of multiple treatment combinations in participants with metastatic or inoperable locally advanced breast cancer. The study will be performed in two stages. During Stage 1, four cohorts will be enrolled in parallel in this study: Cohort 1 will consist of Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive participants who have received no prior systemic therapy for metastatic or inoperable locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) (first-line [1L] PD-L1+ cohort). Cohort 2 will consist of participants who had disease progression during or following 1L treatment with chemotherapy for metastatic or inoperable locally-advanced TNBC and have not received cancer immunotherapy (CIT) (second-line [2L] CIT-naive cohort). Cohort 3 will consist of participants with locally-advanced or metastatic HR+, HER2-negative disease with PIK3CA mutation who may or may not have had disease progression during or following previous lines of treatment for metastatic disease (HR+cohort). Cohort 4 will consist of participants with locally-advanced or metastatic HER2+ /HER2-low disease with PIK3CA mutation who had disease progression on standard-of-care therapies (HER2+ /HER2-low cohort). In each cohort, eligible participants will initially be assigned to one of several treatment arms (Stage 1). In addition, participants in the 2L CIT-naïve cohort who experience disease progression, loss of clinical benefit, or unacceptable toxicity during Stage 1 may be eligible to continue treatment with a different treatment combination (Stage 2), provided Stage 2 is open for enrollment.
This study will test an investigational drug called AZD1390 in combination with radiation therapy for the treatment of brain tumors. This is the first time AZD1390 is being given to patients. This study will test safety, tolerability and PK (how the drug is absorbed, distributed and eliminated) of ascending doses of AZD1390 in combination with distinct regimens of radiation therapy
This study is examining the post-operative rehabilitation of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction patients within the National Health Service (NHS). It will compare the effectiveness of two resistance training protocols, light load blood flow restriction (BFR) training and heavy load training, on improving multiple aspects important to the rehabilitation process in this patient demographic, whilst also examining the feasibility of this novel training modality. It is hypothesised that light load BFR training will be equally effective as heavy load training, but more tolerable for patients.
Patients who start haemodialysis usually retain some natural kidney function for months or years after starting dialysis. Even a small amount of this natural kidney function can be helpful in reducing the need for dietary and fluid restriction. There is also good evidence that retaining a small amount of natural kidney function may provide a survival benefit for patients on dialysis. Most patients who commence haemodialysis start three times per week for 3.5-4 hours per session, irrespective of the amount of natural kidney function they may have. An alternative approach used in some kidney units is to take account of the natural kidney function in prescribing the amount of dialysis. This may allow patients to start treatment needing to spend less time on dialysis or even to start just twice weekly. The amount of dialysis can be adjusted over time as natural kidney function declines. This is called "incremental haemodialysis". Both of these approaches are considered to be standard care although it is not known which approach is more beneficial to patients. There are some suggestions that the frequency of dialysis may influence the rate of decline of natural kidney function but this need to be tested in a large randomised study. To inform the design of such a study, a smaller scale feasibility study is required. We intend to randomise fifty new starters on haemodialysis with adequate natural kidney function into two groups - a group who will have dialysis prescribed in the standard fashion - three times weekly for 3.5-4 hours per session or a group who will have an incremental start beginning with twice weekly treatment. We will investigate how many patients have sufficient natural kidney function to be eligible, whether patients are willing to participate and continue in the study, compare the rate of loss of kidney function between groups, and ascertain whether this individualised dialysis approach is less intrusive to patients. The results will be used to design a larger definitive study.
This study will be comparing the treatment of varicose vein tributaries using either foam sclerotherapy or ambulatory phlebectomies. Patients will be randomised to having either ambulatory phlebectomy (group A) or foam sclerotherapy (group B) following treatment of their saphenous vein. The re-intervention rates, safety, patient experience as well as the cost effectiveness of each intervention will be assessed.
Cardiac pacing which involved stimulating the heart electrically with electrical wires that go into the heart is routine practice in the diagnosis and treatment of heart rhythm problems. Clinically this involved the fields of cardiac pacing and electrophysiology. Patients who are at risk of sudden death because of serious heart rhythms that are a result of malfunction of the electrical system of the pumping chambers of the heart (ventricles) are generally implanted with specialised pacemakers that can defibrillate (shock) the heart if a nasty life threatening rhythm should result. Shocks are painful and in order to try and treat these rhythms without shocks, anti tachycardia pacing is performed (this is routine part of the device), which aims to interrupt the rhythm by stimulating the heart electrically. This does not always work and can destabilise the rhythm leading to a shock. REVRAMP is a novel modification of anti tachycardia pacing which involved stimulating the heart through the defibrillator wires in a different way. It appears to work better and seems less likely to destabilise the heart rhythm, hence can reduce painful shocks.