There are about 28871 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Canada. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
Health authorities recommend a reduction in added sugars from sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) due to risk of obesity and diabetes. As a sugar-reduction strategy, finding the ideal SSB replacement is of the utmost importance. Those who are already consuming SSBs might not easily replace it with water and therefore non-nutritive sweetened beverages (NSBs) present a sweetened alternative, though guidelines recommend water instead of NSBs as a replacement for SSBs. Recent evidence suggests that saccharine, a non-nutritive sweetener, which is not found in NSBs, might induce glucose intolerance by altering gut microbiota in humans. It is currently not known if replacing SSBs with NSBs (which contain low-calorie sweeteners other than saccharine) or water will have any effect on the human gut microbiota and any downstream diabetic risk. The investigators plan to undertake a randomized controlled cross-over trial in 75 healthy adults to assess the effect of replacing SSBs with equal amounts of NSBs or water for 4 weeks on the composition and diversity of human gut microbiota, changes in glucose tolerance and total body fat in those who regularly drink SSBs. Each participant will act as their own control receiving each of the three interventions of SSB, NSB and water for four weeks in random order, each period separated by a four-week wash-out period. All study visits will occur at the Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre at St. Michael's Hospital. This study will contribute to knowledge that will inform dietary guidelines and public policy with regards to the best possible replacement for SSBs. It will also shed light on the potential mechanism of the adverse effects of NSBs and if the replacement of SSBs by NSBs or water are in fact similar with respect to their effect on gut bacteria and any downstream diabetic risk.
Introduction: Non specific low back pain (NSLBP) is a low back pain (LBP) that cannot be attributable to a known pathology. LBP has prevalence as high as 84%, making it a heavy burden for health services and society worldwide. Furthermore, LBP seems to be more prevalent as the population gets older, and is the cause of severe functional limitations. One of the treatment recommended for LBP is physical therapy. It has been shown that the trunk muscles usually maintain trunk stability by making a sequence of postural adjustment in advance of distal movement to prevent any loss of balance. However, in NSLBP, this motor control adjusting is lacking, and, furthermore, stays so even after the resolution of acute LBP, which could contribute to the recurrence of LBP. Physical therapy therefore addresses NSLBP by rehabilitating the timing and activation of trunk muscle, among other things. The importance of trunk musculature has been highlighted by many studies showing the feedforward contraction of the trunk muscles in anticipation of extremity movement. Those trunk muscles comprise the transversus abdominis (TrA) and lumbar multifidus (LM). Since those muscles create no movement, but rather an increase in abdominal pressure, it is thus often a complex contraction to teach. To help with that teaching, physical therapist may use one of the two feedback tools that exist to teach a TrA contraction, namely the pressure biofeedback unit (PBU) and rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI). Unfortunately, their efficiency to help with the teaching of TrA contraction is yet to be shown in an elderly population, and few studies compared their efficiency. Furthermore, even though the teaching of the TrA contraction must be followed by a translation of that skill in more functional position such as standing, no studies looked at the effect of the feedback in supine to the skill of TrA contraction in standing. Objective: The principal aim of this study is thus to compare, throughout a healthy population of 60 to 80 years old, the immediate efficiency of adding PBU or RUSI to the TrA contraction teaching in supine. The secondary objectives are as follow: 1) to see if that teaching in supine can be translated by a better contraction of the TrA in standing, and if one of the two tools is superior in doing so and 2) to see if one tool favor a more specific contraction of TrA when compared to the other muscles of the lateral abdominal wall. The hypothesis is that the RUSI will prove superior to the PBU. Method: This will be a single-blinded controlled laboratory study with randomization. The independent variables will be the group of randomization, either PBU or RUSI. The dependent variable will be the TrA contraction. To answer our objectives, forty (40) healthy people aged between 60 and 80 will be recruited. The subjects will be healthy with no current pain and no history of limiting LBP in the past year. Of those, 20 will be women. The randomization will be made in blocks to allow a good balance of the sex throughout the groups. Every subject's TrA contraction (principal outcome) will be measured before and after the intervention (immediate effect) with the RUSI (change of thickness between resting and contracting state) both in supine and standing. The intervention will consist of a 5-minute education on the trunk muscle and their role, a brief teaching of how to contract them properly and the use of the feedback tool used in their group. Will follow a training program of 15 contractions with the feedback tool (PBU vs RUSI). Descriptive analysis will be used to describe the subjects. The TRA activation ratio (AR) and preferential activation ratio (PAR) will be compared after the intervention with Wilcoxon signed rank tests for each subject first. The group's mean will then be compared, first for each age group, then for each feedback tool as a whole with the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Impact: Age and LBP both influence the motor control and feedforward contraction of the trunk muscles. Since NSLBP is highly prevalent throughout the ages and cost a lot for the society, the identification of the best tool to help in teaching the TrA contraction is crucial. This project will provide the first steps to justify a bigger controlled study on NSLBP. Moreover, this project will familiarize the Canadian physical therapist society to the use of RUSI, a tool still seldom used in the clinic in Canada but highly promising.
Multicentre, prospective cohort study in patients with a history of HF with preserved or reduced ejection fraction admitted to hospital with acutely decompensated HF. Eligible and consenting patients will be enrolled at 3 Hamilton, Ontario area hospitals and receive 28-day ECG monitoring implemented at the time of hospital discharge. Patients will be followed for a total of 1 year from hospital discharge.
We will test an ultrasound device that uses sound waves to detect the fetal heart beat, and use this device to tell the MRI scanner when to collect pictures of the fetal heart. This will help freeze motion of the fetal heart, to make MRI pictures sharper. This will be important for assessing human fetal heart disease, an active area of research at our institution.
The goal of this clinical trial is to show the blood pressure lowering effect of aprocitentan, a new drug, when added to other anti-hypertensive drugs of patients with difficult to control (resistant) high blood pressure (hypertension), and to show that blood pressure reduction is kept for long period of time.
The goal of this study is to review the etiology, diagnostic criteria, complications and outcome of acute pediatric compartment syndrome identified at The Children's Hospital of Western Ontario (CHWO) . Follow up with patients treated for compartment syndrome by fasciotomy will assist in determining the long term effects of compartment syndrome and surgical procedures on the patient quality of life and return to level of function of the affected limb.
A Phase 2, multicenter, double-blind, placebo control study evaluating the safety and efficacy of Thykamine in adult patient suffering of mild-to-moderate Atopic Dermatitis
An education intervention to promote medication reviews and interdisciplinary discussions within long-term care facilities with the aim of improving medication regimen among residents with severe dementia
Pain is a common experience in childhood. Healthy children can undergo up to 20 painful procedures by the age of 5. Moreover, millions of children undergo surgery (e.g., tonsillectomies) each year, which is commonly linked to pain and distress. Pain from, and fear of, medical experiences are not short lasting. Indeed, they can influence children long after the painful situation is over. Children's memories of pain after surgery can affect painful experiences in the future. Negative memories of pain (when children remember more pain than the actual level of pain experienced) are linked to higher pain and distress. As well, children who are more anxious and who experience greater pain are more likely to develop negatively biased pain memories, which then leads to greater fear and pain at subsequent pain experiences. It has been suggested that the ways in which parents and children talk about pain following painful events is important for how children remember the pain. This study will be one of the first to look at whether a parent-led memory reframing intervention can reduce children's negative memories of surgery. The study will include 100 children scheduled for a tonsillectomy and one of their parents. They will be recruited from the Alberta Children's Hospital. Parents will complete a survey 1-3 weeks before their child's surgery, and then the child's pain and anxiety will be monitored on the day of surgery and for 2 weeks after surgery. Two weeks after surgery, the parent and child will come to the hospital and be assigned to a control group or a memory reframing session. Six weeks after surgery, parents and children will complete a telephone interview.
This study evaluates the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a brief cognitive-behavioural program designed to improve cognitive functioning in people with brain metastases.