There are about 10004 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Brazil. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
The objective of this randomized clinical trial will be the comparison of dentine discoloration after treatment with: Silver Diamino Fluoride and Silver Diamino Fluoride associated with Potassium Iodide for caries lesions in posterior primary teeth. The study sample will consist of children presenting caries lesion in dentin, without reporting spontaneous pain. The children will be allocated into 2 groups that will correspond to the treatments with the use of SDF (Group 1), SDF + PI (Group 2). Treatment will be performed by trained and calibrated researchers. Examiners will be blind to the treatment received. Initially, data will be collected on socio-demographic aspects, characteristics of children, and clinical aspects. Clinical, photographic and initial evaluations will be performed after 1 week, 15 days, 1 and 2 months after treatment. The results obtained will be typed and organized in a database, using the software Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 22.0 and descriptive, bivariate analyzes will be performed.
Chromosomal aneuploidies are linked with spontaneous miscarriages and abnormal offspring in human pregnancies. In addition, some types of aneuploidies are reported to prevent implantation. Thus, there is a need to identify the embryos with highest implantation potential on in vitro fertilization (IVF) programs. Since embryo morphology and kinetics have a weak association with embryo ploidy, trophectoderm biopsy plus Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) is becoming a very popular approach to determine the embryo chromosomal status. This technique is called Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy (PGT-A). Although shown to be efficient, it is invasive for the embryo, requires specific technical skills and it remains expensive. Therefore, the development of a non-invasive, rapid and cheaper method for assessing embryo ploidy status would represent a progress in the field of IVF. The non-invasive approach has been explored by some groups that analyzed the Spent Blastocyst Medium (SBM) where the embryo was incubated up to the time of transfer or freezing. In daily routine, this media is discarded after finishing the culture of the embryo. Importantly, though, this media reportedly contains traces of embryonic cell-free DNA (cfDNA) that can represent the genetic load of the embryo. On the basis of that, the hypothesis of this study is that embryo prioritization according to the analysis of the embryonic cfDNA in the SBM could improve ongoing pregnancy rate in 10 percentual points compared to standard blastocyst transfer based on morphology.
Prospective data will be collected in approximately 200 patients treated with an TMJ replacement. Patients will be followed up according to the standard (routine) for up to 5 years after the treatment. Data collection will include underlying disease, treatment details, functional and patient reported outcomes (PRO)s and anticipated or procedure-related adverse events (i.e. complications). This registry is designed to be able to assess the number of patients who refuse alloplastic total TMJ replacement. Therefore, the participating sites are asked to register all cases of refused TMJ replacements too.
Although relatively common, bronchiectasis is considered an orphan disease as there is little evidence for adequate treatment, most of the therapeutic options are extrapolated from studies with patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or cystic fibrosis (CF). Inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroids should be used as a therapeutic test and maintained if there is improvement of symptoms or lung function. There is no evidence to justify the use of mucolytic agents for these patients. The treatment with greater evidence is the use of macrolides, especially azithromycin. A meta-analysis published in 2014 showed that there was a reduction in the number of exacerbations, an improvement in the quality of life and a reduction in the decrease in FEV1. However, studies have shown conflicting results regarding quality of life and pulmonary function. Roflumilast is a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor with an anti-inflammatory effect in vitro and in vivo due to the inhibition of cyclic adenosine monopostat breakdown (cAMP) to its inactive phosphodiesterase form. As this enzyme is expressed in high concentrations in leukocytes and other inflammatory cells responsible for the pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases such as COPD, it has been studied and used for this disease. COPD is characterized by a chronic inflammatory process of the airways, predominantly neutrophils and high levels of proinflammatory cytokines related to this cell, such as interleukin-8, neutrophil elastase, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha and E-selectin. The REACT study showed that roflumilast prevents moderate and severe infectious exacerbations in addition to improved lung function in patients with COPD who continue to exacerbate despite the use of combined bronchodilator and inhaled corticosteroid therapy. Since bronchiectasis and COPD are chronic inflammatory diseases, they present similar inflammatory processes, with neutrophil as the main inflammatory cell, it is expected that the use of roflumilast also has an anti-inflammatory effect in bronchiectasis. In addition, since bronchiectasis is a disease with poor evidence for pharmacological treatment, it is necessary to search for new therapeutic possibilities.
Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is one of the most common forms of knee pain and has a negative impact on the level of physical activity and quality of life of patients. Although strengthening of the hip and knee muscles has good clinical effects in the treatment of PFP, most exercise protocols do not follow the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) guidelines and are not clearly described, making it difficult to apply them in practice clinical and research. In addition, recent studies have shown that these patients also have a power deficit of these muscles. However, it is not known whether the addition of power exercises to a muscle strengthening program would result in superior benefits, especially in relation to pain and physical function. Therefore, the objective of this study is to verify if the improvement in pain intensity, physical function, kinesiophobia, self perception of improvement, quality of life and muscle function variables after a training program of strength and muscular power is superior to that observed in an isolated muscle strength training. This study will be randomized and controlled, developed with individuals with DPF, allocated in one of two groups: Strength Training Group (STG) and Strength and Power Training Group (SPTG). The primary outcomes will be intensity of pain and physical function, while the secondary outcomes will be kinesiophobia; self perception of improvement; quality of life; the peak of isometric abductor and hip extensor torque, and knee extensor; and the rate of development of torque of the abductors and extensors of hip, and extensors of knee at 30% and 90% of maximum isometric torque. Participants in both groups will be evaluated before the intervention (pre), after the end of the intervention (post) and three, six and twelve months after the intervention. Data analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. To compare the groups at different times (pre, post and after three, six and twelve months of the intervention) will be used two-way analysis of variance (GROUP X MOMENT) with mixed model, with Bonferroni post hoc to identify specific differences. The significance level will be 0.05.
Antiretroviral therapy of the mother and of the newborn associated with alternative schemes of breastfeeding can reduce these transmission rates to 1%. The diagnosis of HIV infection in newborns is based on PCR for detection of viral genetic material, a procedure that is expensive and of complex logistics. Tests based on detection of antibodies are faster and cheaper but cannot distinguish infected child or maternal antibodies passed to the fetus through the placenta. Nevertheless, the so-called rapid tests have been implemented in the network of health services because of their simplicity and performance comparable to conventional tests. DPP HIV 1/2 test, produced by Bio-Manguinos/Fiocruz, usage is limited by the manufacturer to over 24 months of age children, though the guidelines control programs already recommend the use from 18 months in Brazil and 9 months in other countries. Data on the accuracy of the rapid test under 24 months of age are scarce. This proposal aims to assess the performance of rapid tests produced by Bio-Manguinhos in diagnostic protocols for HIV infection in children 9-24 months old, in order to obtain empirical data to support the current recommendations on rapid tests, particularly in countries with limited access to tests that require specialized laboratories. The validation of rapid HIV testing in other age groups is a requirement of the national regulatory authorities, and has important implications for programs to control HIV-AIDS in populations from countries with limited access to specialized laboratory resources. The use of the rapid test can also represent a significant reduction in costs, as it allows limiting the use of molecular tests to complex and expensive confirmation cases.
International recommendations advocate dynamic or isometric strength training as an adjunct to aerobic exercise. Due to a lack of consensus, this research addresses the acute effects of isometric exercises by handgrip or lower limb isometry as a hypotensive strategy in hypertensive adults.
A roll-over study to assess long-term effect in pediatric patients treated with dabrafenib and/or trametinib.
Ondansetron, a potent 5-HT 3 receptor antagonist commonly used as an antiemetic. The main objective of the present study is to verify the hypothesis that blocking type 3 serotonin receptors with intravenous ondansetron reduces the incidence of spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension
Patients with localized basocellular carcinoma of the skin, will receive oral Itraconazole, 200 mg twice daily, for 60 days, prior to curative intent surgery.